Confederate soldiers of the 2nd Tennessee Infantry Regiment are seen being marched off to captivity by U.S. soldiers of the First Army in April, 1917. The soldiers of the 2nd Tennessee had been cut off on the first day of the Barrell Roll Offensive. Although they fought bravely and tenaciously they were eventually overwhelmed by superior U.S. numbers and firepower.
Photos from Featherston's Confederacy/ TL-191
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War of Secession Confederate Veterans gather for a Confederate Veterans Convention held in 1907. Richmond, Virginia.
For Remembrance Day 1920 in New York, a monument of German Pickelhaube helmets, created in honour of German soldiers who died on the Western and Eastern Fronts of the Great War, was shown off to the German ambassador. President Roosevelt said of the men 'We must recall the principles of loyalty and dignity and honour that shine through the men we commemorate today",
Note: I had originally wanted to do a full fan biography on Featherston, but I changed my mind when I realized that I would not have enough time to completely finish it in a short amount of time and that some ideas may not be well-received by other fans, so I decided to do a summary based on Adolf Hitler's Wikipedia article and from Turtledove wiki as a template.
A Wikipedia-like Summary of Featherston in TL-191
Featherston during the last year of the Second Great War, 1944
Jacob Winfield Scott Featherston (English Pronunciation: [ˈdʒekəb ˈwɪnfild ˈskat ˈfɛðərstən]; 3 March 1886 - 7 July 1944), also known as Jake Featherston and Jake the Snake, was a Confederate politician and leader of the Confederate Freedom Party (CFP). He rose to power by first becoming the presidential candidate for the CFP during the Confederate Presidential Elections of 1921, 1927, and 1933 until he won and became dictator of the Confederate States serving as President from 1934-1944. During his dictatorship from 1941 to 1944, he initiated the Second Great War in North America when the Confederacy invaded the United States through Ohio during Operation Blackbeard on 22 June 1941. He closely supervised military operations during the war and by August 1941 had full control of all strategic decisions and was central to the perpetration of the Devastation.
Featherston was born in Virginia—then part of the Confederate States—and was raised in Richmond. He joined the Confederate army in 1904 and was decorated during his service in the First Great War between 1914 and 1917. In 1918, he joined the Freedom Party (FP), the precursor of the CFP, and was appointed leader of the CFP that same year. In 1919, he was able to help elect several Representatives, a Senator, and one Governor to the Confederate Congress during the congressional election. During the 1921 Confederate Presidential Election, the Confederate Freedom Party National Convention was held in New Orleans and gave the nomination for Presidential candidate to Featherston, along with Ferdinand Koenig, a founding member of the CFP who practiced law before the war, as his vice-presidential candidate. Despite losing the election to the Wade Hampton V, who was the Whig candidate, Featherston was able to gain a significant number of votes and scored second place, which surprised Confederate politicians, while the Radical Liberals won third place. During the 1921 election, Featherston gained popular support by attacking the peace treaty between the USA and CSA and promoting Confederate Nationalism, Racism against Blacks, anti-establishment ideas and anti-socialism with charismatic oratory and CFP propaganda. He frequently denounced the ruling aristocracy of the Confederacy and the Black Confederate population as the main causes for the defeat of the CSA during the First Great War. He used veterans of the war as his own personal loyal enforcers, called Stalwarts, who would go and disrupt other meetings done by rival political parties.
Featherston continued to campaign for his party and still enjoyed popularity until June 1923, when President Wade Hampton V was assassinated by a disturbed member of the CFP, Cady Calkins, during a speech in Birmingham. Throughout the rest of the 1920’s, the CFP’s membership and influence in Confederate society decreased, but the party's message continued to be heard with the help of wireless.
The Great Depression of 1930 caused the Confederate economy to suffer greatly and Featherston took advantage of the situation by feeding into peoples’ desire for change by pointing the blame on Black Confederates, the Confederate ruling elite, and the USA. This allowed the CFP to regain popularity and influence in Confederate politics once again. During the 1933 Confederate Presidential Election, Featherston won and became the 13th President of the Confederate States of America on March 4th, 1934. Once in office, he was able to industrialize the Confederacy, improve irrigation systems, dissolve the Confederate Supreme Court, re-arm the country, standardize an aggressive type of secular education, and strengthen diplomatic relations with Ultranationalist Britain, Actionist France, Tsarist Russia, and Imperial Japan. All of this helped reinvigorate the Confederate economy and allowed Featherston gain a large amount of popularity.
Featherston advocated for the return of Confederate lands that were lost after the end of the First Great War (a piece of U.S.-New Mexico, Virginia’s Northern strip, the State of Houston, Sequoyah, and Kentucky) and for the creation of a stronger Confederacy that would be influential in world politics that would overshadow the USA. To avoid war and ease tensions between the USA and CSA, President Alfred E. Smith met with Featherston to allow the states of Houston, Kentucky, and Sequoyah to have a plebiscite so that they may decide in which country they wanted to belong, on the condition that no more land requests be made and that the states be disarmed for a period of 25 years. This was done with the Richmond Agreement on January 7, 1941. Even though Featherston agreed to the conditions after Kentucky and Houston returned to the Confederacy, he reneged on the Agreement and began to re-arm the returned states, claim that Sequoyah’s results were fraudulent, and demand more land from the USA.
When war began between Germany, Britain, France, and Russia several days after the death of Kaiser Wilhelm on June 4th, 1941, the relationship between the CSA and USA became strained until Featherston launched a Confederate invasion of the United States through Ohio on June 22, 1941, and eventually to other parts of the nation. Despite winning battles and conquering territories, the strength of the Confederacy began to weaken by the end of 1942 after the Battle of Pittsburgh and the USA gained the advantage after pushing back the Confederate army into the Confederacy and performed a counter-invasion deep into the heart of the CSA. Featherston escaped from Richmond in 1944 but was eventually discovered by a Black Confederate named Cassius Madison, who shot him to death after recognizing his voice on July 7th, 1944. The Confederacy under Donald Partridge surrendered on July 14th, 1944 and the country ceased to exist.
Under Featherston's leadership and racially-motivated ideology, the Confederate-Freedomite regime was responsible for the genocide of an estimated 6-8 million Black Confederates and millions of other victims who he and his followers deemed as enemies of the CSA, called the Devastation or Population Reduction. Featherston and his regime were also responsible for the torture and/or killings of prisoners of war. In addition, he was responsible for allowing the Confederacy to eradicate nearly half of the population of Haiti and for the Bombing of Philadelphia. The number of civilians and soldiers killed during the Second Great War around the world was unprecedented in warfare, and the casualties constitute the deadliest conflict in history.
Featherston's actions and ideology are almost universally regarded as evil. According to German historian Martin Broszat, "never in history has such ruination—physical and moral—been associated with the name of one man."
A Wikipedia-like Summary of Featherston in TL-191
Featherston during the last year of the Second Great War, 1944
Jacob Winfield Scott Featherston (English Pronunciation: [ˈdʒekəb ˈwɪnfild ˈskat ˈfɛðərstən]; 3 March 1886 - 7 July 1944), also known as Jake Featherston and Jake the Snake, was a Confederate politician and leader of the Confederate Freedom Party (CFP). He rose to power by first becoming the presidential candidate for the CFP during the Confederate Presidential Elections of 1921, 1927, and 1933 until he won and became dictator of the Confederate States serving as President from 1934-1944. During his dictatorship from 1941 to 1944, he initiated the Second Great War in North America when the Confederacy invaded the United States through Ohio during Operation Blackbeard on 22 June 1941. He closely supervised military operations during the war and by August 1941 had full control of all strategic decisions and was central to the perpetration of the Devastation.
Featherston was born in Virginia—then part of the Confederate States—and was raised in Richmond. He joined the Confederate army in 1904 and was decorated during his service in the First Great War between 1914 and 1917. In 1918, he joined the Freedom Party (FP), the precursor of the CFP, and was appointed leader of the CFP that same year. In 1919, he was able to help elect several Representatives, a Senator, and one Governor to the Confederate Congress during the congressional election. During the 1921 Confederate Presidential Election, the Confederate Freedom Party National Convention was held in New Orleans and gave the nomination for Presidential candidate to Featherston, along with Ferdinand Koenig, a founding member of the CFP who practiced law before the war, as his vice-presidential candidate. Despite losing the election to the Wade Hampton V, who was the Whig candidate, Featherston was able to gain a significant number of votes and scored second place, which surprised Confederate politicians, while the Radical Liberals won third place. During the 1921 election, Featherston gained popular support by attacking the peace treaty between the USA and CSA and promoting Confederate Nationalism, Racism against Blacks, anti-establishment ideas and anti-socialism with charismatic oratory and CFP propaganda. He frequently denounced the ruling aristocracy of the Confederacy and the Black Confederate population as the main causes for the defeat of the CSA during the First Great War. He used veterans of the war as his own personal loyal enforcers, called Stalwarts, who would go and disrupt other meetings done by rival political parties.
Featherston continued to campaign for his party and still enjoyed popularity until June 1923, when President Wade Hampton V was assassinated by a disturbed member of the CFP, Cady Calkins, during a speech in Birmingham. Throughout the rest of the 1920’s, the CFP’s membership and influence in Confederate society decreased, but the party's message continued to be heard with the help of wireless.
The Great Depression of 1930 caused the Confederate economy to suffer greatly and Featherston took advantage of the situation by feeding into peoples’ desire for change by pointing the blame on Black Confederates, the Confederate ruling elite, and the USA. This allowed the CFP to regain popularity and influence in Confederate politics once again. During the 1933 Confederate Presidential Election, Featherston won and became the 13th President of the Confederate States of America on March 4th, 1934. Once in office, he was able to industrialize the Confederacy, improve irrigation systems, dissolve the Confederate Supreme Court, re-arm the country, standardize an aggressive type of secular education, and strengthen diplomatic relations with Ultranationalist Britain, Actionist France, Tsarist Russia, and Imperial Japan. All of this helped reinvigorate the Confederate economy and allowed Featherston gain a large amount of popularity.
Featherston advocated for the return of Confederate lands that were lost after the end of the First Great War (a piece of U.S.-New Mexico, Virginia’s Northern strip, the State of Houston, Sequoyah, and Kentucky) and for the creation of a stronger Confederacy that would be influential in world politics that would overshadow the USA. To avoid war and ease tensions between the USA and CSA, President Alfred E. Smith met with Featherston to allow the states of Houston, Kentucky, and Sequoyah to have a plebiscite so that they may decide in which country they wanted to belong, on the condition that no more land requests be made and that the states be disarmed for a period of 25 years. This was done with the Richmond Agreement on January 7, 1941. Even though Featherston agreed to the conditions after Kentucky and Houston returned to the Confederacy, he reneged on the Agreement and began to re-arm the returned states, claim that Sequoyah’s results were fraudulent, and demand more land from the USA.
When war began between Germany, Britain, France, and Russia several days after the death of Kaiser Wilhelm on June 4th, 1941, the relationship between the CSA and USA became strained until Featherston launched a Confederate invasion of the United States through Ohio on June 22, 1941, and eventually to other parts of the nation. Despite winning battles and conquering territories, the strength of the Confederacy began to weaken by the end of 1942 after the Battle of Pittsburgh and the USA gained the advantage after pushing back the Confederate army into the Confederacy and performed a counter-invasion deep into the heart of the CSA. Featherston escaped from Richmond in 1944 but was eventually discovered by a Black Confederate named Cassius Madison, who shot him to death after recognizing his voice on July 7th, 1944. The Confederacy under Donald Partridge surrendered on July 14th, 1944 and the country ceased to exist.
Under Featherston's leadership and racially-motivated ideology, the Confederate-Freedomite regime was responsible for the genocide of an estimated 6-8 million Black Confederates and millions of other victims who he and his followers deemed as enemies of the CSA, called the Devastation or Population Reduction. Featherston and his regime were also responsible for the torture and/or killings of prisoners of war. In addition, he was responsible for allowing the Confederacy to eradicate nearly half of the population of Haiti and for the Bombing of Philadelphia. The number of civilians and soldiers killed during the Second Great War around the world was unprecedented in warfare, and the casualties constitute the deadliest conflict in history.
Featherston's actions and ideology are almost universally regarded as evil. According to German historian Martin Broszat, "never in history has such ruination—physical and moral—been associated with the name of one man."
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Kiffin Rockwell was a Confederate pilot who participated in aerial survellience of US trenches on the Roanoke Front until 1916, when he became notorious for strafing those same trenches in his plane, disitnguished by the image of a Indian headdress with a Confederate flag along the plane's tail. He also took part in aerial duels with US aircraft. Near the end of the war, he was shot out of the sky and killed by one of those same US aircraft. Before his death, he was officially designated as the Confederate States' first flying ace.
It is Eric Stoltz from Caprica playing his character, Daniel Greystone.
I just changed the colors into Black and White to make the photograph appear older.
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A squad of U.S. paratroopers from the 11th Airborne Division conduct a check of a squad automatic weapon prior to loading onto a transport plane for the assault on Missionary Ride outside of Chattanooga, Tennessee, on 28 August 1943. The soldier holding the weapon is Sergeant Leo Pitrowksi. He would lead his squad in silencing a Confederate artillery battery on Missionary Ridge, saving the lives of hundreds of U.S. paratroopers. For his actions that day, SGT Pitrowski would be honored with the Medal of Honor. He would be personally decorated by General Morrell on the top of Missionary Ridge.
At the 1905 unveiling of the Stonewall Jackson memorial in Louisville, Confederate schoolchildren form into a living Confederate flag.
A more realistic version of this in TL-191 would show the National Flag of the Confederacy, but the Battle Flag is also plausible.
Hey, to be fair, Jackson was more renowned as a soldier before he became president, according to FTG.
Funeral Mass for His Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty, Franz Joseph II, of Greater Austria
Scene from the Funeral in which the Kaiserhymne is sung
The eldest son of the Austrian Emperor Charles, Franz Joseph "Otto" von Hapsburg, was one of the longest heir-apparents to have lived until his ascension to the Imperial Throne a few decades before the end of the 20th Century. He passed away on July 4, 2011 in Vienna. He was 98 years old. Despite the empire being nothing more than a shadow of its former self in terms of influence and power, many European nations, both republics and monarchies, were deeply saddened by the emperor's death. Although initially started by Charles, Franz Joseph II was influential in keeping his nation alive and stable, despite most states within the empire voting to leave and become self-governing without the influence of the Austrians and what little Hungarians were left that still cared about the Dual Monarchy. A Requiem Mass was held on July 16, 2011 in his honor and many dignitaries from other nations around the world attended the funeral. The funeral was broadcasted around the world with millions of viewers. The Imperial German family, the German Chancellor, the President of the United States, the Emperor of Mexico, and the new Emperor of Greater Austria were among those present.
Full video (in German):
The eldest son of the Austrian Emperor Charles, Franz Joseph "Otto" von Hapsburg, was one of the longest heir-apparents to have lived until his ascension to the Imperial Throne a few decades before the end of the 20th Century. He passed away on July 4, 2011 in Vienna. He was 98 years old. Despite the empire being nothing more than a shadow of its former self in terms of influence and power, many European nations, both republics and monarchies, were deeply saddened by the emperor's death. Although initially started by Charles, Franz Joseph II was influential in keeping his nation alive and stable, despite most states within the empire voting to leave and become self-governing without the influence of the Austrians and what little Hungarians were left that still cared about the Dual Monarchy. A Requiem Mass was held on July 16, 2011 in his honor and many dignitaries from other nations around the world attended the funeral. The funeral was broadcasted around the world with millions of viewers. The Imperial German family, the German Chancellor, the President of the United States, the Emperor of Mexico, and the new Emperor of Greater Austria were among those present.
Full video (in German):
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Reconciliation Between the United States of America and the Second Mexican Empire
Vice-President Harry S. Truman with the President of the Irish Republic near Chapultepec Castle
13 September 1947 was a special day for both the USA and Mexico.
A century earlier, both nations were at war with each other during the First Mexican-American War. The Battle of Chapultepec ended in an American victory and the Mexican capital would be captured two days later. The war officially ended in February 1848 under the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. Mexico was forced to give up around half of its territory over to the victorious USA. This increase of American territory would later serve as one of the causes for the War of Secession when the issue of whether or not to allow slavery in the region was brought to attention. The end result of the war for Mexico was considered a painful national trauma in the psyche of Mexican mind.
And yet... despite all this negative history between them since 1848 to 1947... Vice-President Harry S. Truman visited Mexico City and placed a wreath next to an obelisk that commemorated the six cadets that defended Chapultepec Castle from the invading U.S. forces and observed a moment of silence. He also praised St. Patrick's Battalion for their bravery and dedication in defense of Mexico. Truman called for a renewed relationship between both countries that can be described as that of good neighbors. The Mexican population was surprised and praised the American vice-president for his humbleness and what was technically considered as an apology for the American invasion of Mexico in 1846. The visit was met with mixed to negative reception in the United States. Most of the negative reaction came from the Democrats, who were shocked that an American politician would dare apologize to a historic enemy of the USA. Prime Minister Miguel Alemán Valdés would eventually become the first Mexican Prime Minister on behalf of Empress María to visit the United States. Mexico and the USA would now act like good friends for many decades.
Although the visit eventually cost Truman's chance at being elected President, he had no regrets for what he did and summed up his reason for the visit in the following quotation:
"Brave men don’t belong to any one country. I respect bravery wherever I see it".
Prime Minister Miguel Alemán Valdés and Vice-President Harry S. Truman
Many years after the visit, newly declassified information was released that gave more details into how and why it was rearranged. It was discovered that President Dewey wanted to make the visit himself, but feared that such an action would cost him his re-election. Vice-President Truman offered to go in his place as a solution. Besides genuine reconciliation, Dewey wanted the cooperation of the Imperial Mexican government to round up former members of the Confederate Freedom Party hiding in the empire and hand them over to American authorities, in a similar manner that the Second Republic of Texas did during the SGW. The reward for Mexico's cooperation was for the United States to support the monarchy, albeit as a constitutional monarchy.
Sources:
1) https://brownsvillerepublic.wordpress.com/2018/09/21/in-1947-truman-1st-u-s-president-to-visit-mexico-at-los-ninos-heroes/
2) http://www.sportjock.com/acapulco.shtml
3) https://www.cfr.org/timeline/us-mexico-relations
4) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/María_Josepha_Sophia_de_Iturbide
5) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Alemán_Valdés
6) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Neighbor_policy
7) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Patrick's_Battalion
Vice-President Harry S. Truman with the President of the Irish Republic near Chapultepec Castle
13 September 1947 was a special day for both the USA and Mexico.
A century earlier, both nations were at war with each other during the First Mexican-American War. The Battle of Chapultepec ended in an American victory and the Mexican capital would be captured two days later. The war officially ended in February 1848 under the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. Mexico was forced to give up around half of its territory over to the victorious USA. This increase of American territory would later serve as one of the causes for the War of Secession when the issue of whether or not to allow slavery in the region was brought to attention. The end result of the war for Mexico was considered a painful national trauma in the psyche of Mexican mind.
And yet... despite all this negative history between them since 1848 to 1947... Vice-President Harry S. Truman visited Mexico City and placed a wreath next to an obelisk that commemorated the six cadets that defended Chapultepec Castle from the invading U.S. forces and observed a moment of silence. He also praised St. Patrick's Battalion for their bravery and dedication in defense of Mexico. Truman called for a renewed relationship between both countries that can be described as that of good neighbors. The Mexican population was surprised and praised the American vice-president for his humbleness and what was technically considered as an apology for the American invasion of Mexico in 1846. The visit was met with mixed to negative reception in the United States. Most of the negative reaction came from the Democrats, who were shocked that an American politician would dare apologize to a historic enemy of the USA. Prime Minister Miguel Alemán Valdés would eventually become the first Mexican Prime Minister on behalf of Empress María to visit the United States. Mexico and the USA would now act like good friends for many decades.
Although the visit eventually cost Truman's chance at being elected President, he had no regrets for what he did and summed up his reason for the visit in the following quotation:
"Brave men don’t belong to any one country. I respect bravery wherever I see it".
Prime Minister Miguel Alemán Valdés and Vice-President Harry S. Truman
Many years after the visit, newly declassified information was released that gave more details into how and why it was rearranged. It was discovered that President Dewey wanted to make the visit himself, but feared that such an action would cost him his re-election. Vice-President Truman offered to go in his place as a solution. Besides genuine reconciliation, Dewey wanted the cooperation of the Imperial Mexican government to round up former members of the Confederate Freedom Party hiding in the empire and hand them over to American authorities, in a similar manner that the Second Republic of Texas did during the SGW. The reward for Mexico's cooperation was for the United States to support the monarchy, albeit as a constitutional monarchy.
Sources:
1) https://brownsvillerepublic.wordpress.com/2018/09/21/in-1947-truman-1st-u-s-president-to-visit-mexico-at-los-ninos-heroes/
2) http://www.sportjock.com/acapulco.shtml
3) https://www.cfr.org/timeline/us-mexico-relations
4) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/María_Josepha_Sophia_de_Iturbide
5) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Alemán_Valdés
6) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Neighbor_policy
7) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Patrick's_Battalion
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Reconciliation Between the United States of America and the Second Mexican Empire
Vice-President Harry S. Truman with the President of the Irish Republic near Chapultepec Castle
13 September 1947 was a special day for both the USA and Mexico.
The visit eventually cost Truman's chance at being elected President, he had no regrets for what he did and summed up his reason for the visit in the following quotation:
"Brave men don’t belong to any one country. I respect bravery wherever I see it".
Prime Minister Miguel Alemán Valdés and Vice-President Harry S. Truman
Many years after the visit, newly declassified information was released that gave more details into how and why it was rearranged. It was discovered that President Dewey wanted to make the visit himself, but feared that such an action would cost him his re-election. Vice-President Truman offered to go in his place as a solution. Besides genuine reconciliation, Dewey wanted the cooperation of the Imperial Mexican government to round up former members of the Confederate Freedom Party hiding in the empire and hand them over to American authorities, in a similar manner that the Second Republic of Texas did during the SGW. The reward for Mexico's cooperation was for the United States to support the monarchy, albeit as a constitutional monarchy.
This is a really good post between America and Mexico. Truman is a true hero of peace in giving up any future in DC for the sake of peace for the Union and Mexico. (And the Union wanting Freedom Party runaways and keep it southern border stable.) Me and @Joshua Ben Ari really likes this, and he thought the US Embassy in Mexico City being officially called 'Truman House' as a thank-you from President Dewey.
A thing to think about the hostile after the First Mexican American War was caused by the CSA and outsides, France and the UK. (A Confederate puppet which Featherston blackmail in funding the Republicans if they don't send soldiers north.)
Thank you!
I went back and forth about how I wanted to write this. Initially, I was going to write a summary of all the wars both nations were involved with against each other, but I shortened it to get straight to the point.
Other people have speculated about how likely/unlikely the empire would have survived in a post-SGW world and they tend to say that it's more likely for the Mexican Republic to re-emerge, but I wanted to do something different. I'm also more sympathetic to the empire than I am to the republic in real life, which made this a lot easier and more enjoyable.
Now, for the states of Sonora, Chihuahua, and the Baja California Peninsula, I was undecided about their fates (whether or not they would be returned to Mexico)However, a part of me would think that they would return them back as a gift of friendship, but the USA would still want to keep them due to a larger presence of Anglo-Americans and the need to weed out any Confederate Freedom Party members in the region.
Don't you mean the second one?
If you think about it, it was first Mexican war that started it all. All that territory taken from Mexico and the first thing the Americans do is decide whether or not to allow slavery in the region. It would ultimately result in the United States splitting into two.
I went back and forth about how I wanted to write this. Initially, I was going to write a summary of all the wars both nations were involved with against each other, but I shortened it to get straight to the point.
Other people have speculated about how likely/unlikely the empire would have survived in a post-SGW world and they tend to say that it's more likely for the Mexican Republic to re-emerge, but I wanted to do something different. I'm also more sympathetic to the empire than I am to the republic in real life, which made this a lot easier and more enjoyable.
Now, for the states of Sonora, Chihuahua, and the Baja California Peninsula, I was undecided about their fates (whether or not they would be returned to Mexico)However, a part of me would think that they would return them back as a gift of friendship, but the USA would still want to keep them due to a larger presence of Anglo-Americans and the need to weed out any Confederate Freedom Party members in the region.
Don't you mean the second one?
If you think about it, it was first Mexican war that started it all. All that territory taken from Mexico and the first thing the Americans do is decide whether or not to allow slavery in the region. It would ultimately result in the United States splitting into two.
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Your most weclome. I always kinda learn towards a restore Mexican Republic in the past, but I am always sympathetic to Maximilian and I do think the Second Mexican Empire gets a raw deal in TL-191. @Joshua Ben Ari also thinks the same in the USA wanting a stable US-Mexico-Texas border and worried about nationalist republicans (or any nationalist government) talking about the "lost land of Sonora and Chihuahua".
(As well as Imperial Mexico keeping the peace in Central America for the USA.)
As for Sonora and Chihuahua, I do think America would take those regions and keep them. Both had small populations that would make it easy for the CSA to fill them up with setters of their own, seeing the rise of mixed race population, as well as a great deal of investment into both. There be something like 1.5 million including Confederate Whites who moved in as well by c. 1940. Guaymas is a good port and Ciudad Juarez has a good industrial manufacturing center, good climate, agriculture, tourism, and Sonora has a lot of mineral resources. Plus after 60 years of being Confederate, and being part of that Anglo-Confederate culture, they're distinct from Mexico.
In short, Sonora and Chihuahua would be Arizona and Florida: Decent climate, minerals that can be mined, and agriculture. A lot of Yankees migrate down to retire to Sonora and Chihuahua.
Yes.
That's actually a really good way of looking at the First Mexican War being a early catalyst in leading to the War of Succession. The fact so many generals and leaders in the War of Succession took part in the the First Mexican War adds to the matter. (As it was in OTL, even if the war lasted only to 1862.)
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