The Presidency of Pascual Orozco, revolutionary from the first hour, the former best ally then traitor to Francisco Madero, was doomed from the start. Coming to power just a few months after an already ill Huerta had passed away, he dealt without Alvaro Obregon, Plutarco Elias Calles or Adolfo de la Huerta, the ablest Generals for the Constitutionalists, who preferred to turn to the Convenionists with their men and material than to serve General Huerta, the very man they had agreed to fight against. Orozco had become a household name in Mexico, as a brutal general and a chronic backstabber, and his accession triggered huge revolts in Mexico’s main cities, such as Monterrey, Quérétaro, Guadalajara and others, that turned to the Conventionists, the lesser of two evils. Puebla, a few kilometers from Mexico, became the center of the Convention.
Due to this turn of events, President Woodrow Wilson announced on March, 16 1916 that they would officially support the Conventionist Movement in Mexico, “until free elections were organized”. In the mean time, the turmoil in Europe deprived Orozco from his best ally, Germany, who had supplied his armies in ammunition, material and money...
History of the Mexican Revolution, Arturo Villaraigosa, McGraw-Hill, Los Angeles, 1998
General Félix Diaz, exiled in Cuba, tried to organize a National Reorganizer Army in Oaxaca and Chiapas in May 1916 to take advantage on the ongoing chaos in Mexico, but his efforts were unsuccesful and he was forced to go into exile again. Nevertheless, his efforts allowed Emiliano Zapata, in the South, to decisively defeat General Pablo Gonzalez, who had remained loyal to President Orozco and tried to beat him in southern Mexico…
History of the Mexican Revolution, Arturo Villaraigosa, McGraw-Hill, Los Angeles, 1998
FMR. PRES. LAGOS CHAZARO BECOMES ACTING PRESIDENT OF MEXICO ; CONSTITUANT ASSEMBLY MEETS IN PUEBLA
-The New York Times, May, 2 1917
In the Mexican Confederation, all individuals shall be entitled to the privileges and immunities granted by this Constitution. Such privileges and immunities shall not be restricted or suspended, but in the cases and under the conditions established by this Constitution itself. (1)
-Article 1, Chapter I of the Constitution of Mexico, adopted on February, 5 1918 in Puebla
Flag of the Mexican Confederation, adopted in 1916
The President has taken good note of the democratic progress in Mexico, the adoption of a new Constitution and the fair elections, although made in an uneasy context, that led to the election to a four year-term of Professor José Vasconcelos, who has worked in the United States and is well-known scholar and supporter of democratic values. In the light of these new developments, President Wilson asked Congress to officially recognize the present government in Mexico City as the rightful Mexican one, and to gradually withdraw from American positions in Veracruz and Tampico…
-Press conference by Secretary of State Robert Lansing, April, 12 1918
Masters of post-Revolution Mexico (from l. to r.) : General Calles, General Obregon, President Vasconcelos, General Villa, General Zapata
The 1918 Constitution, also known as the Puebla Constitution, was the apex of the Conventionist Movement and put an end to a process that had started in 1910 : Mexico had a new Constitution, that changed the official name of the nation (the Mexican Confederation), putting an emphasis on federalism, Mexican nationalism, extensive land reform, separation of the Church and State, inability to re-elect officials, economic independance and human rights, among the first of its kind in the world. There were tiny revolts throughout the country, but the armies of reunited Mexico were quelling them down. Peace, after eight years of violence and anarchy, finally was at hand.
In facts, Mexico had a great figurehead in the presence of elected President José Vasconcelos, who ruled in a triumvirate with General Plutarco Elias Calles, who pushed in favor of harsh anti-clericalism, and General Francisco Villa, who was more interested in the spoils of war and beginning to take interest into marxist theories. Meanwhile, Emiliano Zapata was retreating to his held territories in southern Mexico to oversee land reform…
History of the Mexican Revolution, Arturo Villaraigosa, McGraw-Hill, Los Angeles, 1998
TL; DR : The Mexican Revolution ends with a victory of the Conventionists (Villa and Zapata), joined by Alvaro Obregon and Plutarco Calles, who revolted against the disastrous Presidency of Pascual Orozco; while José Vasconcelos becomes President, the resulting Constitution is more radical...
(1) Inspired from the first article of the actual Mexican Constitution -
http://historico.juridicas.unam.mx/infjur/leg/constmex/pdf/consting.pdf