So I wasn't happy with the last chapter and saw how many mistakes I had left in it when I posted it so I have rewrote it and added some more pictures.
God Save These American States
The Italian-Turkish War: The Palestine Campaign II
Word reached Napoleon in Jerusalem on January 9, 1816 when a group of Italian Cavalry troopers that escaped the Nazareth Pocket arrived at the city., He immediately set about planning his next move. His planning would not take long, on January 12, 1816 he lead an Army of 60,000 men out of the city heading north; behind him he left 15,000 men ( 12,000 Papal troops, 3,000 Italian ) under General Joaquín Blake ‘s command to hold the city.
Napoleon further divided his force even further he sent 25,000 men under General Vito Nunziante march due North arriving at the Crossroads town of Megido on January 14th. Napoleon then takes the remaining 35,000 men North though the Jordan Valley he arrives at the town of Tiberias also on March 14th. The next day the Battle of Nazareth begins when Nunziante’s Army attacks the Turkish troops encircling the Town at dawn. Followed shortly after by Fontanelli’s force which attacks to the south to attempt to link up with Nunziante’s Force. The Turks still have the numbers and quickly manage to redeploy The lines now run northeast to southwest; by 10am the Turks had started to push the Italians back towards the southwest.
It was at this critical moment that Napoleon appeared with his 35,000 men attacking the Turkish Northwestern flank. Caught off guard the Turkish flank unravels and Napoleon happily watches his men start to roll the Turkish line up. By 2pm the Turkish army is in fully retreat however large parts of it are killed wounded or captured. The Turkish army will rally in the town of Tiberias on the sea of Galilee the same town that Napoleon had occupied just the day before. But the damage is done the Turkish Army is reduced to a force of just 35,000 men losing 40,000 men killed wounded, captured or just simply missing. The Battle of Nazareth became Napoleon’s greatest victory and effectively secured Palestine for him. At dawn on January 16,1816 The Turkish troops would march back to Damascus.
Napoleon further divided his force even further he sent 25,000 men under General Vito Nunziante march due North arriving at the Crossroads town of Megido on January 14th. Napoleon then takes the remaining 35,000 men North though the Jordan Valley he arrives at the town of Tiberias also on March 14th. The next day the Battle of Nazareth begins when Nunziante’s Army attacks the Turkish troops encircling the Town at dawn. Followed shortly after by Fontanelli’s force which attacks to the south to attempt to link up with Nunziante’s Force. The Turks still have the numbers and quickly manage to redeploy The lines now run northeast to southwest; by 10am the Turks had started to push the Italians back towards the southwest.
It was at this critical moment that Napoleon appeared with his 35,000 men attacking the Turkish Northwestern flank. Caught off guard the Turkish flank unravels and Napoleon happily watches his men start to roll the Turkish line up. By 2pm the Turkish army is in fully retreat however large parts of it are killed wounded or captured. The Turkish army will rally in the town of Tiberias on the sea of Galilee the same town that Napoleon had occupied just the day before. But the damage is done the Turkish Army is reduced to a force of just 35,000 men losing 40,000 men killed wounded, captured or just simply missing. The Battle of Nazareth became Napoleon’s greatest victory and effectively secured Palestine for him. At dawn on January 16,1816 The Turkish troops would march back to Damascus.
The Italian-Turkish War: Ripples in the pond effects of the Battle of Nazareth :I
The Egyptian Revolution.
The Battle of Nazareth will have major consequences the first of these was the Egyptian Revolution or rebellion depending on who’s history you are reading. Egypt had been a semi autonomous part of the Ottoman Empire for quite a while indeed the Mamluk lords had more say over the governing of the province than the Sultan far away in Anatolia. Since the start of the war the British in the form of the East India Company had been in Cairo nudging the Brey’s to declare Egypt independent of the Ottoman Empire promising the support of the British Empire should Egypt with financial assistance they need in regaining their independence.
Following the loss of much of Libya, and the Holy land to the Italians and then the complete defeat of the Ottoman Army tasked with retaking the holy land for the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Nazareth Ibrahim Bey and his brother Murad Bey the rulers of Ottoman Egypt weigh their options and decided that it is better for Egypt to swim on its own rather than drown tied to a sinking corpse. On February 1, 1816 the Sultanate of Egypt declared its Independence from the Ottoman Empire. Ibrahim Bey is crowned the Sultan of Egypt while Murad become Grand Vizzar The ottoman officials who would not swear allegiance to the new state were quickly killed. The British Government would recognize Egypt’s Independence on February 7, 1816. Italy would also recognize Egyptian Independence on February 14, 1816 that same day they signed the Treaty of Cairo established the borders between the two nations.
Ibrahim Bey
Murad Bey
The Battle of Nazareth will have major consequences the first of these was the Egyptian Revolution or rebellion depending on who’s history you are reading. Egypt had been a semi autonomous part of the Ottoman Empire for quite a while indeed the Mamluk lords had more say over the governing of the province than the Sultan far away in Anatolia. Since the start of the war the British in the form of the East India Company had been in Cairo nudging the Brey’s to declare Egypt independent of the Ottoman Empire promising the support of the British Empire should Egypt with financial assistance they need in regaining their independence.
Following the loss of much of Libya, and the Holy land to the Italians and then the complete defeat of the Ottoman Army tasked with retaking the holy land for the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Nazareth Ibrahim Bey and his brother Murad Bey the rulers of Ottoman Egypt weigh their options and decided that it is better for Egypt to swim on its own rather than drown tied to a sinking corpse. On February 1, 1816 the Sultanate of Egypt declared its Independence from the Ottoman Empire. Ibrahim Bey is crowned the Sultan of Egypt while Murad become Grand Vizzar The ottoman officials who would not swear allegiance to the new state were quickly killed. The British Government would recognize Egypt’s Independence on February 7, 1816. Italy would also recognize Egyptian Independence on February 14, 1816 that same day they signed the Treaty of Cairo established the borders between the two nations.
Ibrahim Bey
Murad Bey
Honestly I don't know. I'm not a hundred percent sure that's really his picture. All I did was Google search him.
My research on egypt was curtailed by school work and work work. But it could juat be what ever he is smoking in the pipe lol.
The Italian-Turkish War: Ripples in the pond effects of the Battle of Nazareth :II
The French Invasion of Algeria
Following the Battle of Nazareth Louis XVI’s government in Paris decided that it was time to get its piece of the crumbling empire. On February 21, 1816 A french fleet would land 130,000 troops along the coast of Algiers seizing the major cities of the province. France would announce its annexation of Algeria on March 21, 1816 naming General Jean Bernadotte as its military Governor. This action angered Napoleon when he learned of it and for a brief time he thought about declaring war on France but with the bulk of his military already engaged on the opposite end of the Mediterranean Sea he decided to go along with it for now at least. On May 7, 1816 France and the Italian Empire signed the Treaty of Rome mediated by the Pope this treaty recognized the Eastern Mediterranean Seas is Italy’s Sphere of Influence and the Western Mediterranean with the Italian Balearic Islands being an exception.
General Jean Bernadotte
Following the Battle of Nazareth Louis XVI’s government in Paris decided that it was time to get its piece of the crumbling empire. On February 21, 1816 A french fleet would land 130,000 troops along the coast of Algiers seizing the major cities of the province. France would announce its annexation of Algeria on March 21, 1816 naming General Jean Bernadotte as its military Governor. This action angered Napoleon when he learned of it and for a brief time he thought about declaring war on France but with the bulk of his military already engaged on the opposite end of the Mediterranean Sea he decided to go along with it for now at least. On May 7, 1816 France and the Italian Empire signed the Treaty of Rome mediated by the Pope this treaty recognized the Eastern Mediterranean Seas is Italy’s Sphere of Influence and the Western Mediterranean with the Italian Balearic Islands being an exception.
General Jean Bernadotte
Yes France will have a large colonial empire in Africa the idea is that France and Britain are going to be locked in a Colonial Race for much of the 19th Century, Britain will be preoccupied with the western hemisphere as it staves off the FRA and CAS trying to chip away at its holdings there giving France an advantage in Africa. The FRA and CSA will be poking around the dark continent as well.
The Scramble for Africa begins early, eh? Also goes the begins of the Industrial Revolution going?
Its still a ways off before the major rush begins look for it in the 1850;s or 1860's to start. currently the Dutch have the Cape Colony (no Napoleonic Wars means the Brits haven't been able to take it from them) Portugal has its colonies in Angola and Mozambique and the CAS has a couple colonies in western Africa.
Asia will be the seen for the next major colonial confrontation as Britain and her allies the Netherlands force fight TTL's Opium war with china and japan chaif's under its unequal treaty with France (see the least France Update before the Italian Turkish war started)
The Italian Turkish War: The War Expands and Fighting ends.
The Byzantines Revenge and the last acts of the Italian Turkish War.
Since its rebirth the Byzantine Empire was seen by the rest of Europe as little more than a Russian Client state. However, the Italian Turkish War gave Emperor Constantine XII the chance to show the world that he and his Empire was not his younger brother's lap dog. On May 7, 1816 the addressed the Byzantine Senate and Assembly in joint session in which he outlined the plight of the Greek and other christian people suffering under Ottoman Rule. Constantine’s call for was was met by thunderous applause.
The Byzantine Invasion of Anatolia would not happen right away even though Constantine and his Generals had the men plans and supplies ready no they were waiting for a special date. That day came on May 29, 1816 three hundred and sixty three years to the day that the Ottomans conquered Constantinople and finally destroyed the original Empire. As dawn broke 80,000 men swamped out of barges and onto the southern shore of the Bosporus.
For the Ottomans this event couldn’t have happened at a worse time they had recently pulled all of the experienced troops from the Istanbul garrison and most of the other Western Anatolian Garrisons in order to create a new Army to send south to battle Napoleon in the Holy land. This meant that the Ottomans had only raw conscripts defending Western Anatolia.
Having defeated the bulk of the Turkish forces in Syria and Palestine Napoleon once more split his army. He would lead a force of 40,000 men northeast engaging the Turkish Army outside the city of Damascus; he easily defeated the demoralized Turkish troops on January 18th. His other two columns would take the Cities of Beirut on January 17th, and the City of Amman on February 1st. And lastly the port city of Ayla would fall on March 20, 1816.
The Battle of Eskişehir
The Low quality of the Ottoman Defenders lead to the Byzantines making stunning advances By June 15, 1816 the Anatolian western Coast would be in Byzantine Hands. This success would lead to what would be the final battle in the war. On June 19, 1816 the A Turkish army 65,000 men strong almost completely made up of veteran and elite units engaged A byzantine Army 85.000 men lead by General Theodoros Kolokotronis, The two armies would meat near the city of Eskişehir. There in a battle that would last for two days the Turks would be defeated and forced to retreat to the west.
General Theodoros Kolokotronis
With Napoleon Occupying Palestine and parts of Syria, and preparing to advance northward. Deeper into Syria and possibly into Southwestern Anatolia; and with the Byzantine forces threatening the very core of the shrinking Empire. The Ottoman Government approach the British embassy in the hopes of them being able to barter a peace. The British would arrange a cease fire between all the combatants that would start on June 21, 1816. With Peace talks beginning on June 30, 1816 in London.
Since its rebirth the Byzantine Empire was seen by the rest of Europe as little more than a Russian Client state. However, the Italian Turkish War gave Emperor Constantine XII the chance to show the world that he and his Empire was not his younger brother's lap dog. On May 7, 1816 the addressed the Byzantine Senate and Assembly in joint session in which he outlined the plight of the Greek and other christian people suffering under Ottoman Rule. Constantine’s call for was was met by thunderous applause.
The Byzantine Invasion of Anatolia would not happen right away even though Constantine and his Generals had the men plans and supplies ready no they were waiting for a special date. That day came on May 29, 1816 three hundred and sixty three years to the day that the Ottomans conquered Constantinople and finally destroyed the original Empire. As dawn broke 80,000 men swamped out of barges and onto the southern shore of the Bosporus.
For the Ottomans this event couldn’t have happened at a worse time they had recently pulled all of the experienced troops from the Istanbul garrison and most of the other Western Anatolian Garrisons in order to create a new Army to send south to battle Napoleon in the Holy land. This meant that the Ottomans had only raw conscripts defending Western Anatolia.
Having defeated the bulk of the Turkish forces in Syria and Palestine Napoleon once more split his army. He would lead a force of 40,000 men northeast engaging the Turkish Army outside the city of Damascus; he easily defeated the demoralized Turkish troops on January 18th. His other two columns would take the Cities of Beirut on January 17th, and the City of Amman on February 1st. And lastly the port city of Ayla would fall on March 20, 1816.
The Battle of Eskişehir
The Low quality of the Ottoman Defenders lead to the Byzantines making stunning advances By June 15, 1816 the Anatolian western Coast would be in Byzantine Hands. This success would lead to what would be the final battle in the war. On June 19, 1816 the A Turkish army 65,000 men strong almost completely made up of veteran and elite units engaged A byzantine Army 85.000 men lead by General Theodoros Kolokotronis, The two armies would meat near the city of Eskişehir. There in a battle that would last for two days the Turks would be defeated and forced to retreat to the west.
General Theodoros Kolokotronis
With Napoleon Occupying Palestine and parts of Syria, and preparing to advance northward. Deeper into Syria and possibly into Southwestern Anatolia; and with the Byzantine forces threatening the very core of the shrinking Empire. The Ottoman Government approach the British embassy in the hopes of them being able to barter a peace. The British would arrange a cease fire between all the combatants that would start on June 21, 1816. With Peace talks beginning on June 30, 1816 in London.
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The Italian Turkish War: The Congress of London and the Treaty of Windsor.
The Congress of London.
The Congress of London would be at Windsor Castle it gathered together representatives from all the warring nations the Italian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, the Kingdom of France and the Byzantine Empire, and the Papal State of Rome and the Kingdom of Jerusalem (which had be created by Napoleon and the Pope on May 22. 1816) as well as the Sultanate of Egypt. The treaty was not kind to the Ottomans They were forced to recognize the not only the Italian and French Annexations of Libya and Algeria; (even Benghazi which was still holding out under siege.) but also the Italian annexation of Palestine and Lebanon, to recognize the two new nations The Sultanate of Egypt and the Papal Kingdom of Jerusalem. Worst of all they were forced to accept the Byzantine Annexation of the Western Anatolian Coast including Istanbul. In response the Ottoman Delegation threatens to leave the talks only to be told by the British Foreign Minister that any future talks would only be worse, after which they returned to the table. In the end they were able to escape any threats of having to pay war reparations thus sparing the Ottoman Economy from recession at least in theory. The Byzantine Empire also agreed to pay the Ottomans 1.5 million British pounds in exchanged for them being able to resettle all Turkish nationals in side the Ottoman Empire. The Treaty of Windsor would signed on July 15, 1816. It would be ratified by the various nations between July 20th to August 9th. The Benghazi Pocket would surrender to the Italians on July 26, 1816.
The Congress of London would be at Windsor Castle it gathered together representatives from all the warring nations the Italian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, the Kingdom of France and the Byzantine Empire, and the Papal State of Rome and the Kingdom of Jerusalem (which had be created by Napoleon and the Pope on May 22. 1816) as well as the Sultanate of Egypt. The treaty was not kind to the Ottomans They were forced to recognize the not only the Italian and French Annexations of Libya and Algeria; (even Benghazi which was still holding out under siege.) but also the Italian annexation of Palestine and Lebanon, to recognize the two new nations The Sultanate of Egypt and the Papal Kingdom of Jerusalem. Worst of all they were forced to accept the Byzantine Annexation of the Western Anatolian Coast including Istanbul. In response the Ottoman Delegation threatens to leave the talks only to be told by the British Foreign Minister that any future talks would only be worse, after which they returned to the table. In the end they were able to escape any threats of having to pay war reparations thus sparing the Ottoman Economy from recession at least in theory. The Byzantine Empire also agreed to pay the Ottomans 1.5 million British pounds in exchanged for them being able to resettle all Turkish nationals in side the Ottoman Empire. The Treaty of Windsor would signed on July 15, 1816. It would be ratified by the various nations between July 20th to August 9th. The Benghazi Pocket would surrender to the Italians on July 26, 1816.
The Italian Turkish War: The Treaty of Windsor
The Med post treaty of Windsor
Mexico and the 1820’s Part 1
Mexico and the 1820’s Overview
For the Empire of Mexico the decade of the 1820’s would be as exciting and eventful as the decade of the 1810’s had been uneventful and dull. The 1820’s would see the Empire of Mexico have to face its first major bout of rebellion fostered by foreign agents that when this came to light would damage Mexico’s relationships with several of the other North American nation’s for decades to come. The 1820’s would also bring about the California Gold Rush
A trip to Central America
June 29, 1819 Norfolk Va, James Long, Andrew Pike, and Christopher Walker board the Quickwind a clippership bound for Belize City in Mexico Central america provinces. These three men have one mission in mind fire up the local groups hostile to Mexico City’s rule in Central America to found an independent nation or nations that can the join the Commonwealth. To aid them in this mission they have acquired 30,000 muskets to arm their rebel army. October 9,1819 after five months of traveling the group met up with the leader of one of the many Mayan rebel groups that litter the Yucatan a man know simply as Ajtzak. Over the next three years these three men would foster several rebel movements that would finally erupt into open rebellion on March 9, 1822 with the Founding of the Yucatan Confederation in Belize City.
When Word of this rebellion reached Mexico City Emperor Jose I would dispatch an army 75,000 men under a young General named Antonio López de Santa Anna. Due to the distance it would take Santa Anna’s Army a month to arrive in the meanwhile the Defense of the region against these rebels fell to General Vicente Filisola commander Yucatan Defense Area. Filisola had under his command 50,000 men and 200 cannon however of this number most were 20,000 men and 175 cannon were fortress bound, leaving Filisola with campaign force of just 30,000 men and 25 field guns. While Santa Anna was marching south with his army Filisola would fight a grueling jungle campaign for the next month. By the time Santa Anna and his army arrived Filisola was down to just 5,000 men in fighting condition. Santa Anna and Filisola would spend the next two years fighting a joint campaign until June 8, 1824 when Filisola would be killed in action while commanding the siege of Merida his second in command Brigadier General Juan Gonzalez would assume command of the Northern Army. Gonzalez and Santa Anna would continue fighting with the Yucatan Rebels for the next four years in a series of bloody battles in the Jungles of Southern Mexico until finally Santa Anna was able to capture Belize City on October 8, 1828; and in doing so capture Ajtzak, James Long, Andrew Pike, and Christopher Walker and the rest of the leadership of the Yucatan Confederacy.
The Capture of James Long, Andrew Pike, and Christopher Walker brought with it the fact that Commonwealth nationals had funded and armed a good part of the Rebellion, the CAS would honestly claim that it had nothing to with any of these three men but this would create a rift between Mexico and the Commonwealth for decades to come.The other major thing to come out of the Yucatan Rebellion was the rise to prominence of General Santa Anna, a man who would be a major player in the Mexican Military and Mexican Politics for decades to come
General Vicente Filisola
Antonio López de Santa Anna
Flag of the Yucatan Confederation the similarity to the CAS Flag can be seen
For the Empire of Mexico the decade of the 1820’s would be as exciting and eventful as the decade of the 1810’s had been uneventful and dull. The 1820’s would see the Empire of Mexico have to face its first major bout of rebellion fostered by foreign agents that when this came to light would damage Mexico’s relationships with several of the other North American nation’s for decades to come. The 1820’s would also bring about the California Gold Rush
A trip to Central America
June 29, 1819 Norfolk Va, James Long, Andrew Pike, and Christopher Walker board the Quickwind a clippership bound for Belize City in Mexico Central america provinces. These three men have one mission in mind fire up the local groups hostile to Mexico City’s rule in Central America to found an independent nation or nations that can the join the Commonwealth. To aid them in this mission they have acquired 30,000 muskets to arm their rebel army. October 9,1819 after five months of traveling the group met up with the leader of one of the many Mayan rebel groups that litter the Yucatan a man know simply as Ajtzak. Over the next three years these three men would foster several rebel movements that would finally erupt into open rebellion on March 9, 1822 with the Founding of the Yucatan Confederation in Belize City.
When Word of this rebellion reached Mexico City Emperor Jose I would dispatch an army 75,000 men under a young General named Antonio López de Santa Anna. Due to the distance it would take Santa Anna’s Army a month to arrive in the meanwhile the Defense of the region against these rebels fell to General Vicente Filisola commander Yucatan Defense Area. Filisola had under his command 50,000 men and 200 cannon however of this number most were 20,000 men and 175 cannon were fortress bound, leaving Filisola with campaign force of just 30,000 men and 25 field guns. While Santa Anna was marching south with his army Filisola would fight a grueling jungle campaign for the next month. By the time Santa Anna and his army arrived Filisola was down to just 5,000 men in fighting condition. Santa Anna and Filisola would spend the next two years fighting a joint campaign until June 8, 1824 when Filisola would be killed in action while commanding the siege of Merida his second in command Brigadier General Juan Gonzalez would assume command of the Northern Army. Gonzalez and Santa Anna would continue fighting with the Yucatan Rebels for the next four years in a series of bloody battles in the Jungles of Southern Mexico until finally Santa Anna was able to capture Belize City on October 8, 1828; and in doing so capture Ajtzak, James Long, Andrew Pike, and Christopher Walker and the rest of the leadership of the Yucatan Confederacy.
The Capture of James Long, Andrew Pike, and Christopher Walker brought with it the fact that Commonwealth nationals had funded and armed a good part of the Rebellion, the CAS would honestly claim that it had nothing to with any of these three men but this would create a rift between Mexico and the Commonwealth for decades to come.The other major thing to come out of the Yucatan Rebellion was the rise to prominence of General Santa Anna, a man who would be a major player in the Mexican Military and Mexican Politics for decades to come
General Vicente Filisola
Antonio López de Santa Anna
Flag of the Yucatan Confederation the similarity to the CAS Flag can be seen