Prester John (
Latin:
Presbyter Johannes) was a legendary Christian patriarch,
presbyter(
elder) and king who was popular in European chronicles and tradition from the 12th through the 17th centuries. He was said to rule over a
Nestorian (
Church of the East) Christian nation lost amid the Muslims and pagans of the
Orient, in which the Patriarch of the
Saint Thomas Christians resided. The accounts are varied collections of medieval popular fantasy, depicting Prester John as a descendant of the
Three Magi, ruling a kingdom full of riches, marvels, and strange creatures.
At first, Prester John was imagined to reside in
India; tales of the Nestorian Christians' evangelistic success there and of
Thomas the Apostle's subcontinental travels as documented in works like the
Acts of Thomasprobably provided the first seeds of the legend. After the coming of the
Mongols to the Western world, accounts placed the king in
Central Asia, and eventually Portuguese explorers convinced themselves that they had found him in
Ethiopia.
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