This is interesting from a UK perspective, because as far as I know we never had any issue with the "adults only" rating (18 certificate, following the overhaul of the system in 1982) being taken seriously. Then again, many of the films on your list were 18s over here.

This leads me to the possible conclusion that the BBFC is or was stricter than the MPAA (at least in some respects) and, perhaps paradoxically, that this has led to the 18-cert being more "respectable", because so much gets put there.

(The Full Monty, incidentally, was a 15 in its native land. Based on the above, I suspect they made the film they wanted to make, and a more acceptable NC-17 rating wouldn't affect it in the slightest.)
 
That and the fact Matt Lauer works there = Disaster for NBC.
It would be like Operation Yewtree, except with literal network executives. If the Williams lying scandal isn't butterflied, you might get a demographic that, analogous to how many British refuse to buy or advertise with the Sun after Hillsborough, refuses to watch or advertise with NBC.
 
I think one potentially interesting effect of a more successful NC-17 would be the effect it would have on horror film making, since this would likely make it harder for the MPAA to use the the threat of an NC-17 rating to force directors to edit films down to obtain the R rating. The slasher subgenre in particular might end up getting a bit of a boost around the same time Scream becomes a big hit, since it might not run into the same problems with the MPAA that movies like the Friday the 13th series did in the 80s.
 
The problem that 'X' ran into in the US is the ratings board didn't trademark it, which lead to the porn industry slapping Xes on to films that had never been before the rating board.

And that, as they say, was that.
 
Planning a pop culture TL with a POD in the late 1980s, and you haven't even addressed the elephant in the room: the return of Star Trek to television!

Now @Brainbin , I know you're not so fond of TNG and its direct spin-offs, so I imagine that you'll be tempted to have the show cancelled after one or two seasons. Certainly realistic. However, I've always been fond of a scenario that sees J. Michael Straczynski pitching his idea for Babylon 5 to Paramount, and them deciding to greenlight the series... as part of the Star Trek franchise! Star Trek: Babylon 5, if you will. Here, I think such a scenario would be even more likely. Picture Paramount's position: they've just cancelled the lackluster TNG, but they still want a way to profit from the Star Trek brand. They'd like to have a TV show on the air, but most of the original cast either won't play ball or would demand too high a salary for such a project, and TNG's cancellation would make them wary of doing a show that could be accused of being a TOS rip-off. Then they hear Straczynski's pitch (which happened IOTL) for a show on a space station, and one that would be even cheaper to produce than TNG (which was also the case for Babylon 5 IOTL). Instead of telling Piller and Berman to do something similar to that (which, c'mon, we all know is what happened), given that their Trek show just got cancelled, they tell Straczynski to do his thing, after changing the concept just enough to have it fit within the Trek universe.

But that's just a thought.
 
A wild @vultan appears! :) Yay!

startreknielsenratingaverage2.jpg

Hit from the beginning.
 
It really is starting to feel like old times again, what with the familiar faces and the multiple lines of discussion that characterized this thread's heyday. Other things which characterized this thread's heyday included frequent and prompt responses from Yours Truly, so perhaps I should make an effort to get back to that...

I think I would read the ever living lights out of any more creative type who did a TL on an alternate religious broadcasting situation. Like, for example, a POD where Mother Angelica retains creative control over EWTN until her death. Or Raymond Arroyo does other things. Or Family Channel goes non-profit.
I find myself vaguely interested in a TL where Robertson keeps Family Channel and doesn't sell to FOX, as I think FOX Family (and then ABC Family) and its programming played a key role in the formative years of a number of this thread's participants, including myself.

Another thing you would have to consider if what happens to Crosby if sexual harassment allegations occur here?
It took a while for allegations to "stick" to Cosby - even when I was writing TWR he'd already been accused and had given a deposition in which he confessed to felonious acts. It cannot be understated how dramatic a cultural shift we have seen in the very recent past. It is very difficult to project that backwards in time at all convincingly.

That and the fact Matt Lauer works there = Disaster for NBC.
For the record, Lauer did not assume co-hosting duties on Today until 1994 IOTL. He replaced Bryant Gumbel, the co-host since 1982.

Yah. :D
I like the attempt to salvage the NC-17 rating, but don't like that PG still ends up getting watered down.

In my notes for my TL-in-dev.-hell I had the Hays Code thrown out early with the equivalent of the MPAA, the AFRC - American Film Ratings Council, being created in 1935 and the ratings system slowly expanding until the mid-60s.
I've given this a lot of thought and I think we might be able to eke out a berth for the "R" rating ITTL. (But not PG, and I'll explain why.)

"G" and "PG" are functionally identical in terms of admission. PG is a guideline, not an expected restriction. Anyone can be admitted to any of these movies. For this reason, PG has been deprecated - kid-friendly movies are rated G, movies which small children should not watch are PG-13, and that's that.

But "R" occupies a different berth. Children under 17 are not to be admitted to an R-rated film without adult supervision; children under 17 are not to be admitted to an NC-17-rated film, full stop. That eliminates a large potential audience from NC-17 films. This creates a niche for films which can appeal to teenage audiences but aren't intended for them. Looking at the 1990s, one filmmaker who immediately jumps to mind is Kevin Smith. I might have been too hasty putting him into the NC-17 pile. Teenagers in the 1990s loved his movies. And Mallrats was basically a 1980s teen comedy for the 1990s, as Kevin Smith has himself admitted. So although ITTL he would wear the NC-17 awarded to Clerks, I think he (or more accurately his studio) would fight for Mallrats to get an R. This will have knock-on effects.

In my original sketch, I pointed out several films, all released at around the same time, which would receive an NC-17 rating based solely on dialogue. I think this would become An Issue ITTL. I call it the "word vs. deed" debate. I posit that the studios decide to advocate on behalf of filmmakers to the MPAA that graphic dialogue alone (the "word") is less severe in all circumstances than depictions of a graphic nature (the "deed") and that this alone does not merit an NC-17 under any circumstance. Children are exposed to disturbing language in the course of their education, and as long as this is mediated by their educators (or adult accompaniment, as the case may be) they should be allowed to be exposed to it. Therefore, graphic language alone is not sufficient to be awarded an NC-17 rating, thus sparing all of Kevin Smith's films, Good Will Hunting, and The Big Lebowski (this last one being particularly controversial because of its record-setting use of profanity).

At some point the MPAA will also agree in principle that nudity, even full-frontal nudity, of a non-sexual nature is not worthy of an NC-17 rating, though of course they get to decide what is and is not sexual, and of course they get to keep their decision parameters confidential. This one is based partly on precedent: full frontal nudity has appeared in films rated as low as PG in the past. Yes, even male full frontal nudity. "Sexualized" nudity is always NC-17. Films which cross the line into pornography don't get a rating. As with the famous "one f-bomb rule" separating PG-13 from "R", a few parameters are well-known. An erection, in any circumstance. Any graphically depicted, unsimulated sex act of any kind. (So The Brown Bunny wouldn't get an NC-17 ITTL, it would have to go unrated.) But since even a Supreme Court justice has used the "I know it when I see it" definition, expect further vagueness.

So whether a big-budget movie gets an "R" or an NC-17 depends on who is making the movie and what kind of movie is being made. Tarantino's movies are always going to be NC-17, and I think once Martin Scorsese crosses that line it will become the Rubicon for him. A movie like a Deadpool, on the other hand, is always going to get an "R" - the producers still want teenagers to be able to watch it.

It was this weird psychology of feeling like losers and believing "Leave It To Beaver" was real so this era must be a dark age and longing for the past, but at the same time, F the past because we're so cool and being in the mud and slathering yourself with the filth to be cool, with entropy and trashiness as a virtue. They're whiny and insecure. "Everything is bull**** man!", "I'm a loser but I'm cool because I'm a loser...but I'm a loser". And 90s cool is the least cool of the cools there is in retrospect. It does not hold up. So I think I may be right in thinking it sucked.
I have to admit, there's a certain psychology to the 1990s (which is hilarious since people are now nostalgic for them) which is not fun to revisit, and you've captured it here. There's a word which I feel captures the zeitgeist of the 1990s so perfectly, which is ennui. They called it the "End of History". The show which perhaps most defines the decade is a show about "nothing". Say what you will about the post-9/11 cultural landscape, people believed in things again. On the other hand, I grew up in the 1990s, I lived through them, and I remember them well. On the other other hand, I wrote a TL which ends before I was born and it seems to have done quite well. I'm somewhat torn.

What are you planning on doing next Brainbin?
This is fun to discuss but my heart is well and truly set on a timeline with a POD c. 1900. I've been working on... supplementary aspects thereof elsewhere, which has certainly helped to scratch that itch.

This is interesting from a UK perspective, because as far as I know we never had any issue with the "adults only" rating (18 certificate, following the overhaul of the system in 1982) being taken seriously. Then again, many of the films on your list were 18s over here.

This leads me to the possible conclusion that the BBFC is or was stricter than the MPAA (at least in some respects) and, perhaps paradoxically, that this has led to the 18-cert being more "respectable", because so much gets put there.

(The Full Monty, incidentally, was a 15 in its native land. Based on the above, I suspect they made the film they wanted to make, and a more acceptable NC-17 rating wouldn't affect it in the slightest.)
I have to thank @Dan1988 for linking me to a fascinating video on the history of the BBFC, and it's really quite remarkable - they were (and presumably still are) in charge of home video certification as well, and they actually rated how-to sex videos. I'm not joking. I almost want to write about that simply for the "you might think this is ASB but it's actually OTL" factor.

I agree about The Full Monty - I admit I was reaching with that one and only singled it out because it was a Best Picture nominee. ITTL, given that the nudity is not only non-sexual but also not even frontal, it will receive an "R" rating.

I think one potentially interesting effect of a more successful NC-17 would be the effect it would have on horror film making, since this would likely make it harder for the MPAA to use the the threat of an NC-17 rating to force directors to edit films down to obtain the R rating. The slasher subgenre in particular might end up getting a bit of a boost around the same time Scream becomes a big hit, since it might not run into the same problems with the MPAA that movies like the Friday the 13th series did in the 80s.
An excellent observation. Horror is very cheap to make, too - the problem is, it's extremely popular with teenagers, and giving it an NC-17 takes a big bite out of any potential markets. Then again, why not just aggressively target college-age kids instead? On the downside, of course, there's the exploitation angle again - horror movies are notorious for gratuitous female nudity and sexuality and I can't imagine how many more young women are likely to be forced into compromising positions in a TL where NC-17-rated horror is the standard.

With that, onto the main event! Let's talk about Treks, baby... (A Salt-N-Pepa pun. How's that for the '90s overkill?)

Planning a pop culture TL with a POD in the late 1980s, and you haven't even addressed the elephant in the room: the return of Star Trek to television!
First of all, welcome back, @vultan :) It's really great to see your insightful thoughts gracing this thread once more. (As Khan would say: "You still remember. I cannot help but be touched.")

vultan said:
Now @Brainbin , I know you're not so fond of TNG and its direct spin-offs, so I imagine that you'll be tempted to have the show cancelled after one or two seasons. Certainly realistic. However, I've always been fond of a scenario that sees J. Michael Straczynski pitching his idea for Babylon 5 to Paramount, and them deciding to greenlight the series... as part of the Star Trek franchise! Star Trek: Babylon 5, if you will. Here, I think such a scenario would be even more likely. Picture Paramount's position: they've just cancelled the lackluster TNG, but they still want a way to profit from the Star Trek brand. They'd like to have a TV show on the air, but most of the original cast either won't play ball or would demand too high a salary for such a project, and TNG's cancellation would make them wary of doing a show that could be accused of being a TOS rip-off. Then they hear Straczynski's pitch (which happened IOTL) for a show on a space station, and one that would be even cheaper to produce than TNG (which was also the case for Babylon 5 IOTL). Instead of telling Piller and Berman to do something similar to that (which, c'mon, we all know is what happened), given that their Trek show just got cancelled, they tell Straczynski to do his thing, after changing the concept just enough to have it fit within the Trek universe.
Straight to Final Jeopardy, as they say.

I was saving Star Trek for last, but yes, the long and short of it is that ITTL the spinoff would have been cancelled at the end of its second season, in 1989. Along with the box-office failure and critical drubbing of Star Trek V, the franchise would be looking moribund and tired. Nicholas Meyer would be probably be able to pull what strings he could to get Paramount to agree to a sendoff in the form of a 25th anniversary movie, and then the franchise would be left to lay fallow.

I'm not going to say your Star Trek: Babylon 5 idea doesn't have a lot of potential. Of course it does. I'd love to read a TL about it someday. But there are problems:

The spinoff proved to executives that Star Trek can't succeed with a crew who are not Kirk, Spock, Bones, and Scotty. (And the rest.) Why would they try again so soon with another new set of faces?

The spinoff was expensive - this new show will have to be made on the cheap. Sure, Babylon 5 was made on the cheap IOTL, but it's not an ideal situation.

Roddenberry is a wildcard. While he's still alive, he'll vehemently oppose Straczynski's plans for his baby. On the other hand, with the failure of the spinoff, his name is mud. In fact, this might mean he won't be able to veto Saavik as the surprise co-conspirator in Star Trek VI. And if I can keep Shelley Long on Cheers, that means Kirstie Alley is available to play her again to boot. That means a better Star Trek VI which packs a bigger emotional punch. "That was a bigger shock than Saavik working with the Klingons!"

Of course, Roddenberry is dead in 1991.

There's also the meta-personal aspect. As @e of pi and @nixonshead can tell you, I wrote about an alternate Babylon 5 for Eyes Turned Skyward and it was... a complicated experience. I admit to some reservations about revisiting the subject. Granted, that's a personal hangup on my end, but it is there.

I'm certainly willing to hear rebuttals to all of the above points.

Beyond that, of course, there's the question of when they reboot the original series continuity. It's pretty much inevitable. New episodes of Kirk, Spock, Bones, Scotty, and the Enterprise-no-bloody-A-B-C-or-D on weekly series television? It'd probably be a disaster, but it's still so hard to resist.

startreknielsenratingaverage2.jpg

Hit from the beginning.
I assume you refer to the first spinoff. 'Tis true, but I note the dip at what I must presume is the end of season two. Did I mention how expensive it was to produce? Not to mention the lead actor was apparently dissatisfied with the role and almost walked at the end of the following season. There are always... possibilities.

(Side OOC note: Love the graph. It sheds a light on so many truisms of modern-era Trek fandom.)
 
Trek first...
The spinoff proved to executives that Star Trek can't succeed with a crew who are not Kirk, Spock, Bones, and Scotty. (And the rest.) Why would they try again so soon with another new set of faces?
<snip>
Beyond that, of course, there's the question of when they reboot the original series continuity. It's pretty much inevitable. New episodes of Kirk, Spock, Bones, Scotty, and the Enterprise-no-bloody-A-B-C-or-D on weekly series television? It'd probably be a disaster, but it's still so hard to resist.
*Casually slips this on the desk and walks away whistling* http://memory-alpha.wikia.com/wiki/Star_Trek:_Re-Boot_the_Universe
I've given this a lot of thought and I think we might be able to eke out a berth for the "R" rating ITTL. (But not PG, and I'll explain why.)

"G" and "PG" are functionally identical in terms of admission. PG is a guideline, not an expected restriction. Anyone can be admitted to any of these movies. For this reason, PG has been deprecated - kid-friendly movies are rated G, movies which small children should not watch are PG-13, and that's that.

But "R" occupies a different berth. Children under 17 are not to be admitted to an R-rated film without adult supervision; children under 17 are not to be admitted to an NC-17-rated film, full stop. That eliminates a large potential audience from NC-17 films. This creates a niche for films which can appeal to teenage audiences but aren't intended for them. Looking at the 1990s, one filmmaker who immediately jumps to mind is Kevin Smith. I might have been too hasty putting him into the NC-17 pile. Teenagers in the 1990s loved his movies. And Mallrats was basically a 1980s teen comedy for the 1990s, as Kevin Smith has himself admitted. So although ITTL he would wear the NC-17 awarded to Clerks, I think he (or more accurately his studio) would fight for Mallrats to get an R. This will have knock-on effects.
Fair 'nuff; here's how I'm getting around that in my version:
The American Film Ratings Council System
Established in 1935.

Original 1935 rating system:
[G] - General Audiences
[M] - Mature Content Advisory
[R] - Restricted, under 17 not admitted without adult
[X] - Explicit Content Advisory

Finalized version - 1964
[G] - General Audiences, safe for all ages
[PG] - Parental Guidance advised for under age 9
[PG-12] - Parental Guidance advised, may not be appropriate for under age 12
[PG-15] - Parental Guidance advised, not suitable for under age 15
[R] - MUST be accompanied by legal guardian//age 17
[X] - MUST be accompanied by legal guardian/or above 18 ID REQUIRED
[XX] -NO admittance under age 18 ID REQUIRED
[XXX] - NO admittance under 21 ID REQUIRED//IT'S PORN
 
It took a while for allegations to "stick" to Cosby - even when I was writing TWR he'd already been accused and had given a deposition in which he confessed to felonious acts. It cannot be understated how dramatic a cultural shift we have seen in the very recent past. It is very difficult to project that backwards in time at all convincingly.

We've had plenty of threads and timelines that address very specific culturally PODs, but someone should start a thread discussing the general consensus on how to handle broad societal trends: the dos and don'ts of speeding up or slowing down greater cultural movements, or even creating ones out of whole cloth. It's been mentioned before (I think by @Thande ) that the assisted suicide debate was a fairly big part of the US culture wars of the 1990s, but unlike abortion or gay rights or drug legalization, people just sort of stopped talking about that issue, for the most part.

(Someone with the know-how should also do a timeline addressing how more rapid technological development might affect the world of pop culture. For instance, how an earlier Internet or more mature telecom infrastructure earlier in the 20th century would've affected the big studios and networks of an earlier era. Between the impending Disney-Fox deal, the CBS-Viacom drama, and Silicon Valley trying to muscle in on the entertainment industry, and more, we're living through a time of media consolidation that would've been unthinkable even a few decades ago. But I'm getting really off-topic.)

First of all, welcome back, @vultan :) It's really great to see your insightful thoughts gracing this thread once more. (As Khan would say: "You still remember. I cannot help but be touched.")

Aw, shucks...

Straight to Final Jeopardy, as they say.

I was saving Star Trek for last, but yes, the long and short of it is that ITTL the spinoff would have been cancelled at the end of its second season, in 1989. Along with the box-office failure and critical drubbing of Star Trek V, the franchise would be looking moribund and tired. Nicholas Meyer would be probably be able to pull what strings he could to get Paramount to agree to a sendoff in the form of a 25th anniversary movie, and then the franchise would be left to lay fallow.

I'm not going to say your Star Trek: Babylon 5 idea doesn't have a lot of potential. Of course it does. I'd love to read a TL about it someday. But there are problems:

The spinoff proved to executives that Star Trek can't succeed with a crew who are not Kirk, Spock, Bones, and Scotty. (And the rest.) Why would they try again so soon with another new set of faces?

The spinoff was expensive - this new show will have to be made on the cheap. Sure, Babylon 5 was made on the cheap IOTL, but it's not an ideal situation.

Roddenberry is a wildcard. While he's still alive, he'll vehemently oppose Straczynski's plans for his baby. On the other hand, with the failure of the spinoff, his name is mud. In fact, this might mean he won't be able to veto Saavik as the surprise co-conspirator in Star Trek VI. And if I can keep Shelley Long on Cheers, that means Kirstie Alley is available to play her again to boot. That means a better Star Trek VI which packs a bigger emotional punch. "That was a bigger shock than Saavik working with the Klingons!"

Of course, Roddenberry is dead in 1991.

There's also the meta-personal aspect. As @e of pi and @nixonshead can tell you, I wrote about an alternate Babylon 5 for Eyes Turned Skyward and it was... a complicated experience. I admit to some reservations about revisiting the subject. Granted, that's a personal hangup on my end, but it is there.

I'm certainly willing to hear rebuttals to all of the above points.

Beyond that, of course, there's the question of when they reboot the original series continuity. It's pretty much inevitable. New episodes of Kirk, Spock, Bones, Scotty, and the Enterprise-no-bloody-A-B-C-or-D on weekly series television? It'd probably be a disaster, but it's still so hard to resist.

There's another reason I somewhat suspect Paramount would take another crack at a non-original crew Trek spin-off. As you've pointed out, you plan on doing something like Undiscovered Country ITTL - but after that, where do you take the movies? You could let the franchise lay fallow, or you could simply have Paramount seize the reigns and take at least the films in a more commercial direction. Without the TNG cast in a position to get their own film franchise, it seems likely that Paramount would dust off their ideas for a Starfleet Academy prequel - basically the JJ Abrams movies around twenty years early. It's not in the Memory Alpha article, but I remember reading somewhere that the studio had planned to offer the lead roles to young A-listers in a bid to revitalize the franchise (John Cusack as Spock, for instance), which would make even more sense in this scenario. However, such actors would be less likely to agree to a new Trek TV series running coterminous to the films.

Now, if the first of the new films is successful, Paramount would still want a Trek series running alongside the movies, to keep fandom engagement up and to build synergy (it amuses me that they were this close to hitting the Marvel Cinematic Universe model in the 1990s for Star Trek, but never quite got there - heck, that's something to consider for this TL). Hence, you come up with a low-budget spin-off to serve that purpose. Perhaps instead of jettisoning the entire old cast and starting over, you compromise by giving one of the second-tier TOS castmembers the lead role, but with new supporting players. Maybe give George Takei his USS Excelsior series, or something of that nature.

This may or may not align with what you were planning, but I thought I'd throw it out there. And if you're burnt out on J. Michael Straczynski/Babylon 5, I totally get that.
 
Last edited:
If Paramount take control of Trek after cancelling TNG would they scrap all the expensive sets etc for that show? Why not reuse them?

So set the new show pre-TNG, around 2345, just after the uniform change. Base it on a starbase like JMS’ idea, but add in a ship like the Excelsior under a former B level character as a regular visitor with Captain (Admiral?) Sulu in charge of the station. Make it a period of instability in the Federation/region with the Romulans, Klingons, and the new ‘bad guy’ species the Narn (otl Cardassians) causing trouble.

Have the old Main crew drop by, but build a new set of characters to take the franchise forward.
 
I found these interesting tibits browsing Wikipedia after posting about the OTL mid-90s Fox affiliation switches a while back.

In the late 1970s (i.e. slap-dab in the middle of this TL), as ABC surged to first while NBC plummeted to a weak third in OTL, ABC upgraded their affiliates in a number of key markets - almost always from a third-place (or worse!) performer, often on a UHF channel (14 or higher), to a top-rated (or close second) defecting NBC affiliate on a VHF channel (2 to 13). Some of the most notable markets impacted include:

Atlanta, GA: WXIA to WSB
Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN: KMSP to KSTP (1),(3)
San Diego, CA: KCST (now KNSD) to KGTV (2)
Charlotte, NC: WCCB to WSOC (3)
Jacksonville, FL: WJKS (now WCWJ) to WTLV (4)

Affiliating with these higher-rated, more prestigious "legacy" stations (as some were the first television stations to sign on in their respective markets in the late 40s/early 50s), combined with their newfound national ratings success, broke ABC's image as the "also-ran network."

It's also worth noting that there was no "fell swoop" mass, near-simultaneous affiliation switch like there (mostly) was OTL with Fox/New World (and their ilk) - most of the stations ABC lured over were separately owned, and the switches took place over the course of several years. (Of the stations listed above, only WSB and WSOC were under common ownership at the time. It helped that FCC regulations at the time were much stricter on station group ownership limits).

Of course, in TTL it's CBS (and not NBC) that falls off the TV ratings cliff in the late-70s. Given this, does ABC instead grab CBS affiliates in some of these markets? Or do no switches occur? It's a very interesting prospect IMO.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A few fun footnotes:

(1) In the waning days of it's ABC affiliation, KMSP's owners, in a futile attempt to use the network's national success to boost their struggling station, rebranded the station as "ABC 9". This was highly unusual in the late 70s as most stations branded simply with either their call letters or channel numbers. It wasn't until the late 1990s OTL that many major market network affiliates began to brand themselves as "(Network Affiliation) (channel #)."

(2) KCST/KNSD is the link between the late-70's ABC-led affiliate switches and the mid-90s Fox-led switches. After a series of ownership changes in the 1980s and early-90s, KNSD ended up in the hands of none other than New World Communications. However, KNSD was one of several stations not included in that station group's affiliation deal with Fox - it was instead sold to NBC, rendering KNSD a network-owned affiliate station.

(3) In most affected markets, the former ABC affiliate simply picked up NBC. In the Twin Cities and Charlotte, however, NBC had no interest in picking up ABC's "rejects," instead affiliating with previously-independent stations WTCN (now KARE) in Minneapolis and WRET (now WCNC) in Charlotte. At the time, WRET was owned by Ted Turner - who sold the station soon after the swap, using the proceeds to start up CNN. Subsequent budget cuts by future owners caused the upstart station to plunge into a severe ratings swoon which took decades for the station to even partially recover from.

(4) This particular affiliation switch was actually reversed in 1988 - only for fallout from the mid-90s affiliation swaps to result in WJKS losing ABC again, this time for good.
 
Roddenberry is a wildcard. While he's still alive, he'll vehemently oppose Straczynski's plans for his baby. On the other hand, with the failure of the spinoff, his name is mud. In fact, this might mean he won't be able to veto Saavik as the surprise co-conspirator in Star Trek VI. And if I can keep Shelley Long on Cheers, that means Kirstie Alley is available to play her again to boot. That means a better Star Trek VI which packs a bigger emotional punch. "That was a bigger shock than Saavik working with the Klingons!"

Would Star Trek VI as we know it even exist? The idea of a TOS movie based on an analogy to current events isn't far fetched, but the political events of the TL will alter, at the very least, the events that inspired Star Trek VI in the first place.
 
Trek first...

*Casually slips this on the desk and walks away whistling* http://memory-alpha.wikia.com/wiki/Star_Trek:_Re-Boot_the_Universe

Fair 'nuff; here's how I'm getting around that in my version:
The American Film Ratings Council System
Established in 1935.

Original 1935 rating system:
[G] - General Audiences
[M] - Mature Content Advisory
[R] - Restricted, under 17 not admitted without adult
[X] - Explicit Content Advisory

Finalized version - 1964
[G] - General Audiences, safe for all ages
[PG] - Parental Guidance advised for under age 9
[PG-12] - Parental Guidance advised, may not be appropriate for under age 12
[PG-15] - Parental Guidance advised, not suitable for under age 15
[R] - MUST be accompanied by legal guardian//age 17
[X] - MUST be accompanied by legal guardian/or above 18 ID REQUIRED
[XX] -NO admittance under age 18 ID REQUIRED
[XXX] - NO admittance under 21 ID REQUIRED//IT'S PORN
The problem is in 1935 you'd have to deal with the Legion of Decency and the nascent Hays Code. In the Irish-dominated Catholic hierarchy of the time, the R and X ratings would be simply a non-starter. And no distributor was going to go out of their way to alienate the civic leaders of a quarter of the population.

I mean, the LoD rating OTL was originally

A: Morally unobjectionable
B: Morally objectionable in part
C: Condemned

A was later split into:
A-I: Suitable for all audiences
A-II: Suitable for adults [and adolescents]
A-III: For adults only
A-IV: For adults only with reservations [basically limited audiences only]

You'd have to somehow get around the rather censorious nature of the hierarchy of the 1930s. We're talking about folks who banned from the mail material, published by Catholics through the proper channels, of what we today would call NFP, on the grounds it might encourage premarital sex, for fuck's sake.

I really don't see a ratings reform until the 1950s at the earliest, maybe the late 1940s.
 
I have to thank @Dan1988 for linking me to a fascinating video on the history of the BBFC, and it's really quite remarkable - they were (and presumably still are) in charge of home video certification as well, and they actually rated how-to sex videos. I'm not joking. I almost want to write about that simply for the "you might think this is ASB but it's actually OTL" factor.

Something I only learned when I looked up the ratings to check I was getting things right is that they certify porn. There's no "Not rated" in the UK (well, there's E for exempt, but that's kind of the opposite and mostly applies to documentaries); if your film hasn't been seen by the BBFC, it's not going to be seen by anyone else, and so there is R18, which is "18 but more emphatically", and is an entirely official certificate.

An excellent observation. Horror is very cheap to make, too - the problem is, it's extremely popular with teenagers, and giving it an NC-17 takes a big bite out of any potential markets. Then again, why not just aggressively target college-age kids instead? On the downside, of course, there's the exploitation angle again - horror movies are notorious for gratuitous female nudity and sexuality and I can't imagine how many more young women are likely to be forced into compromising positions in a TL where NC-17-rated horror is the standard.

Come to think of it, horror's probably another factor in the UK attitude to the 18 certificate. While the old X-certificate definitely had the same associations as the US version by the end (which was part of the reason they changed it, I think), in the old days it was mostly associated with horror (in fact until 1950, it was an H-certificate). And once that association's been made, I can imagine the good folk of Hammer Films being positively horrified (as it were) if their latest monster flick was judged to be a "mere" AA (14 and older). In fact, the Hammer adaptation of Quatermass was titled The Quatermass X-periment, which looks like a deliberate attempt to draw people's attention to it: "This is going to be much more gruesome than the tame BBC version you saw on the telly."

(Nowadays, of course, The Quatermass X-periment is PG, and even Lee and Cushing's Dracula is only a 12, because things change. Some seventies Hammer Horrors did get 18-certificates when they were released on video, probably more due to this being the start of the gratuitous nudity you mention than because of the Kensington Gore.)
 
Last edited:
The problem is in 1935 you'd have to deal with the Legion of Decency and the nascent Hays Code. In the Irish-dominated Catholic hierarchy of the time, the R and X ratings would be simply a non-starter. And no distributor was going to go out of their way to alienate the civic leaders of a quarter of the population.

I mean, the LoD rating OTL was originally

A: Morally unobjectionable
B: Morally objectionable in part
C: Condemned

A was later split into:
A-I: Suitable for all audiences
A-II: Suitable for adults [and adolescents]
A-III: For adults only
A-IV: For adults only with reservations [basically limited audiences only]

You'd have to somehow get around the rather censorious nature of the hierarchy of the 1930s. We're talking about folks who banned from the mail material, published by Catholics through the proper channels, of what we today would call NFP, on the grounds it might encourage premarital sex, for fuck's sake.

I really don't see a ratings reform until the 1950s at the earliest, maybe the late 1940s.
I'm going back through my notes to see if I had a specific plan to deal with the CLoD (other than simply telling them to fuck off), so far nothing.

Also, it wasn't so much an "early reform" as much as it was (intended as) an instant backlash against how restrictive the Hays Code (would've been).

------1935------
The American Film Ratings Council is formed to combat the Hays Production Code Authority. To prevent blanket censorship and still promote artistic freedom, several motion picture studios (including Paramount, MGM, Warner Bros., RKO, and Republic) created the AFRC to determine guidelines for a graduated rating scale based on content.

And since that initial scale was still far from perfect (but better than nothing and at least sufficient for the 30s-&-40s) it gradually evolved, with [M] becoming [PG] in 1943, [XX] being added in the mid-50s because of French New Wave Cinema, the [PG] splitting by age in the late 50s-early 60s, and the [XXX] rating being introduced in 1964 just to cover all the bases.
(I should note that no major Hollywood studio has produced a [XXX] rated feature BTW.)

I'm thinking I just had film studios (and for that matter book publishers) be a lot more proactive against attempts at censorship.
 
I'm going back through my notes to see if I had a specific plan to deal with the CLoD (other than simply telling them to fuck off), so far nothing.

Also, it wasn't so much an "early reform" as much as it was (intended as) an instant backlash against how restrictive the Hays Code (would've been).

------1935------
The American Film Ratings Council is formed to combat the Hays Production Code Authority. To prevent blanket censorship and still promote artistic freedom, several motion picture studios (including Paramount, MGM, Warner Bros., RKO, and Republic) created the AFRC to determine guidelines for a graduated rating scale based on content.

And since that initial scale was still far from perfect (but better than nothing and at least sufficient for the 30s-&-40s) it gradually evolved, with [M] becoming [PG] in 1943, [XX] being added in the mid-50s because of French New Wave Cinema, the [PG] splitting by age in the late 50s-early 60s, and the [XXX] rating being introduced in 1964 just to cover all the bases.
(I should note that no major Hollywood studio has produced a [XXX] rated feature BTW.)

I'm thinking I just had film studios (and for that matter book publishers) be a lot more proactive against attempts at censorship.
To be fair to the Legion, they took a softer stance on books and plays over time. Books tended to be directly censored by the (usually Protestant-run) authorities, as did plays, but with a few exceptions (like even the most unobjectionable of family planning materials) they tended to be softer, anyway.

So you had, for example, a situation where priests would recommend "The Power and the Glory" to their congregations as a good novel, but if you faithfully asapted it to the silver screen you'd run afoul of Joe Breen.
 
So you had, for example, a situation where priests would recommend "The Power and the Glory" to their congregations as a good novel, but if you faithfully asapted it to the silver screen you'd run afoul of Joe Breen.
That's the kind of hypocrisy that royally irks me.
On the other hand, looking up Breen reminded me of my plan (I'd forgotten the Hays Code was as old as it was):
Wikipedia said:
Breen was a journalist and an "influential layperson" in the Catholic community. Breen worked for Will H. Hays as a "troubleshooter" as early as 1931. He became "chief" of the Production Code Administration (PCA) in 1934. The 1933 founding of the Roman Catholic National Legion of Decency, which rated films independently of the industry, put pressure on the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America, which had theretofore enforced the motion picture industry's own self-censorship standards, albeit not very seriously.
With Breen as a known quality around Hollywood, and the creation of the NLoD, the major studios started pulling out of the MPPDA in 1933. They created the AFRC to show a concerted commitment to policing themselves, while also finding a viable alternative to the Code.
I was still having the [PG] rated Bond films be the impetus for the split, but maybe it actually happens earlier at the insistence of LoD that "things unsuitible for young children" are still slipping through the cracks?
 
That's the kind of hypocrisy that royally irks me.
I actually got to read a copy of the Hays Code guidelines, and the justification they had was that film was more graphic, and you didn't have to suspend your disbelief as hard. Like it's one thing to read about a lynching (banned under the Code, in some respects the Code was actually ahead of its time) or see it in a play, another to actually see it on screen, even if you theoretically know that everyone involved is an actor.

The problem was that Breen and Fr. Lord (who I actually like aside from his role in censorship) were so afraid that they went overboard.
 
Top