Land of cotton, old times there are not forgotten : Redux

Deleted member 87099

Been reading this since you started writing this. I would just like to say that this is great work and that I look forward to more.
 
A negro man named Randy Banks was lynched today, 3 days after he was released from jail for riding in the White Section of a Birmingham Municipal Bus. This is the 3rd time he was arrested for defying "negro laws" and the local "White Defense League" is thought to be the ones responsible. The city spokesman of the WDL said "I can officially state that the White Defense League gave no orders to lynch the boy but it comes to no surprise to us. He was clearly getting uppity and some citizens were going to take it no more and he got his just reward. The government could prevent this by locking up them up for a long time. That would teach them to mind their place. "

ZHIL Birmingham TV broadcast Nov 4,1978


The increasing popularity of the Farm and Union party gladdened the South. Although it didn't legalize slavery the various bills against Negros and foreigners heartened the South as similar rules were used against Free Blacks.

That they were not able to defeat George Meade was something of a disappointment but not an unexpected one. The "Hero of Gettysburg" was well known to the South as well as his bad temper. Some were worried that he short tempered president would want to restart the whole thing but Meade was uninterested in that.

The Morgan Presidency was a godsend for the South. Not only was the US as dismissive of Negros as they were he reopened trade with the South. United States railroad companies quickly bought CSA railroads. The railroad hired a few thousand workers for a week to narrow the gauge which was accomplished on time.

Soon CSA cotton was sped up to Memphis and Baltimore. New textile mills were built in Tennessee, Kentucky and Maryland to replace the ones further north that closed up after the War of Southern Independence. Memphis and Baltimore were booming off the textile trade and entire fortunes were made and lost there. Louisville got some of the overflow from Memphis but soon was better known for giving mortgages to planters. This of course meant planters made the most money in the post-war era.

The rail building in the CSA revved up the economy in Baltimore and later St. Louis in which several rail factories were built. The boom was short-lived as the boll weevil devastated cotton. Certain Northerners hoped the boll weevil would mean the end of slavery in the CSA but it was not to be. The price of slaves plummeted which spread them more evenly. Slaves were used less in cotton farming and more in mining, various other type of plantations and farms, factory drudge work, porters and grave diggers among many other types of work.


A history of the Cotton South MK Peterson Laufton Books Chicago 1922


 
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I tell you the Yankees are moving nothing but there dirtiest, poorest paying factories down here. They dump all their heavily polluting, dangerous industries down here. Most of it uses a lot of heavy metals or produce a lot of other toxic waste or stinks to high heaven. They’re jobs ain’t they? Dirty, disgusting, low paying jobs, yeah. Well, what do you expect? Do you think they are going to export their high paying, clean jobs down here? They want those for themselves. Face it, beggars can’t be choosers and they have far more money than us. The average wage in the US is what? $700,000 while here it is about $80,000 (He is talking about CS dollars not US ones, money is actually with somewhat more than in OTL.). There is no way they are going to ship the good jobs here. They get the good jobs and we get the crap left over. That is just the way it is.

Conversation in New Orleans Jan 3,1987

The election of Robert Todd Lincoln was looked on with horror by the CSA. Their worst nightmare was realized. Many Southerners were sure Lincoln would want revenge for his father but the fact was he considered the CSA as too stabilized and too poor to make it worth it. The costs were much greater than the possible gain. Although there was some worry for a time that some state would want follow the precedent of the South, the example of the CSA made it more and more unlikely as secession was seen as a quick route to ruination and the 13th Amendment outlawed secession.

The three acts repealed by Lincoln caused shock in the South. The “Morgan Laws” were considered as sensible and made sure all the power remained in the hands of the White Man , emancipation or not. Robert E Lee Jr as the next president of the CSA was the one in power during the disastrous CS-Mexican War. The sale of ships didn’t cause much concern in the CSA as most doubted that the “Drunken, brown men” from Mexico would prove anything of match for the “Superior White Man” of the CSA. They would, no doubt, run their ships aground and run like cowards when the “Brave men of the Sunny South” came into view. Didn’t they just beat the Yankees in the last generation? Certainly a bunch of Mexican Banditos would run the moment they saw they were going up against good Southern steel. They were therefore quite shocked when the Mexican Army gave as good as it got and the Mexican Navy sunk large numbers of CSA ships. Robert was as shocked as any as he expected a “short and victorious war” against the “Lowly, filthy Mexicans”.

The shock caused a major revamp in Southern Army training. General Ustis P Gigna of North Carolina was put in charge of all Southern training. General Gigna was one of the few heroes in the CSA who came out of that war. He led his troops to no less than four major victories while suffering only one during the war. The new US built railways helped greatly and they ran to forts on the Mexican border. The CSA then bought some old Johnson rifles from gun manufacturers who were unable to convert to the new Hooker Rifles made for the US Army replacing their old ones. Although they bought them after the Mexicans bought theirs, they had to pay for them as they were brand new not being sold at a discount by the US government while clearing their inventory.

The now booming US economy was now buying up more railroads, mines and forestland in the CSA. CSA banks were absorbed by the larger US ones. Only the ban on US banks from accepting slaves as collateral kept the US from running the entire banking industry at the time. The CSA developed a “two tier” banking system. The “Mortgage and Investment Banks” of the US and the “Slaves and Small Business Banks” of the CSA. A huge amount of plantation land fell into the hands of the US banks when the boll weevil hit. Most of it was sold right away but some of it was rented out and held on to for higher prices which eventually came.

US businessmen found that most CSA politicians could be bought off at a much smaller price than US ones. They made sure that tariffs and regulations stayed low, that the railroads could buy land cheap as the CSA government seized land using Eminent Domain and then sold it cheap to the railroads, and the safety regulations that were starting to be passed in the US were not passed in the CS. At this time the US owned few of the factories in the CSA as US companies could buy low grade goods cheaper from factories that had slave labor which was forbidden by US law.


The Boll Weevil and the start of the CS-Mexican War and its impact on the economy. Laurence Tillman Tindon Books New Orleans 1915
 
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“The price of oil went up again today as it has been all year. This has improved the CSA government’s Benchley’s credit rating from 6 to 6.5 (Equivalent of a country’s credit rating going from a Moody rating of A2 to A1) which sent CSA bonds soaring. They are now paying 8% as compared to yesterday’s 8.5%. This should further speed up the recovering CSA economy. Hopefully the cotton worker’s strike won’t slow it back down. Police are on hand to stop any outbreak of violence. ”

ZHWP Atlanta TV broadcast. Nov 8,1985

President Lee was replaced by the first non-general elected in the CSA. Robert Foster Carter was a plantation overseer who set aside some money from his salary to speculate in railroads. He seemed to have the “golden touch” when it came to speculation and made a fortune. He bought huge tracts of land from failing cotton plantations and started growing tobacco instead. His apparent acumen for business soon made him one of the biggest tobacco planters in the CSA. He used his “rags to riches” story to get elected saying he knew how to turn around the economy. He was the first Whig elected president, and indeed non-Democrat.

Whether it was his business acumen or simply the effect of the CSA-Mexican War coming to an end that caused the CSA to grow is a subject of much debate. As a Whig he encouraged the building of textile and cigarette factories, which employed many of the slaves being sold by the “Slaves and Small Business Banks”. He raised taxes on tobacco, cotton and slaves. Surprisingly he started with tobacco saying he “wanted to set an example by raising them first on something that would affect him the most.” He then exempted factories from the increased slave tax saying that it would encourage CSA industry. The inflation rate dropped for 35% to 15% a month under his administration, making him immensely popular. The interest rates on CSA Bonds dropped from 150% a quarter to 120% a half within a year. The CSA government had its first surplus in its history. This caused the big “spiraling down” of the CSA’s inflation rate and it soon became a country with one of the lowest inflation rates in the world.


The “Slavery Reform Movement” began to grow considerably during the Carter administration. It was made up mostly of mostly upper and upper middle class Whites at first but soon spread to the Poor Whites. They did not call for the abolition of slavery but it did call for certain reforms. 1) Legalizing slave marriages so married slaves could only be sold as couples 2) Recognizing slave children so that they could not be sold apart from their parents before age 12 3) Legally require slave owners to meet minimum standards for the slave conditions and 4) Legally require slave owners to meet those requirements for elderly slaves. The reformers hoped that the reforms would help “remove the prejudices against slavery by the outside world”. The abolitionist movement was divided about these reforms. Some felt that “At least it would reduce the effects of slavery” while the other group felt that doing that would cause slavery to last longer. Indeed some of the Anti-Abolitionists joined it for just that. On the other hand it seemed to feed the tiny Abolitionist Movement in the CSA. This argument continues to this day.

The CSA was getting concerned about the growing friendliness of the US and China. Not only did this threaten any trade the CSA would have with China it offended the Confederate’s racial sensibilities. There was much contempt for the United States dealing with “Little Yellow Monkeys” by the populace at large. The sale of Gaum and the Philippine Islands and the rest of the islands to France heartened them somewhat as it might make trade in China more difficult for the US. Also the warm relations it had with France during the War of Sothern Independence caused a feeling of goodwill towards France and that they earlier fought the now hated Mexicans strengthened that feeling. Still there was no official alliance that came off it both because France did not want to linked with a slavocracy and worry in the CSA about antagonizing the US too much due to its growing friendliness with the UK. The CS-Mexican War made the CSA reluctant indeed to tangle with the USA.
 
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The Whigs of the CSA do have some similarities to the earlier Whigs and some differences. They both are for more industrialization and internal improvement. The Whigs want to repeal the prohibition of internal improvements. They are by no means abolitionists but they are the ones behind the slavery reform movement. As stated there is some backing among abolitionist for it as they see it as a first step. They are the majority while a minority of abolitionists see it as stalling the abolishing of slavery.

The first non-general was elected partly because the CSA-Mexican War was such a failure. There was a mood in the country to try a non-general for once. Also the Democrats were in power so long they were getting very stale. The voters decided it was a time for a change. Before this the Whigs won seats but not the presidency. It was still the number two party which started back up around 1870 or so. His success is going to make the Whigs more viable which is likely to be a good thing for the CSA as there needs to be some competition in the presidential elections.
 
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The United States vetoed sanctions against the CSA by the World League today. President Yancey has stated that “Although the CSA clearly needs to reform its racial laws the United States feels sanctions against it will do nothing but hurt that nation’s poor.” Critics of the president have stated that the real reason was the close ties between various US business interests and the CSA, particularly the oil industry. Protests against the move are scheduled to happen in Pittsburgh Chicago and LA”

WMZL Bost TV broadcast Nov 10, 1987

Joseph Butler, grand-nephew of General Benjamin Butler followed Robert Todd Lincoln as president. Butler continued President Lincoln’s Civil Rights reforms by passing the 15th amendment which both gave women the right to vote and banned the Federal Government from discriminating against people on the basis of race.

Butler also strengthened ties with China which worried a number of European countries, particularly France. In Africa the United States joined Europe in dividing Africa in 1898 to help stamp out the slavery there (One of the main justifications in OTL folks) which was mostly successful. The Belgians established colonies in the Congo. The British established colonies in Southern Africa and Southern Egypt, Prussia was given a small colony just north of Great Britain’s colonies in Southern Africa, France grabbed all of Northern Africa west of Egypt outside of Morocco which was Spanish or what was part of the Ottoman Empire . The Ottomans also allowed the French to build a number of naval bases on the Mediterranean. Portugal had colonies on the Western Coast of Africa and Italy grabbed the island of Madagascar while the United States grabbed a number of islands off the Africa West Coast and established the small colony of Fremontia on the west coast. The only nominally independent country in Africa was Liberia which was in the US orbit.

President Butler was increasingly worried about France particularly with their new shark submarines (which caused undue alarm as they were very short ranged and unreliable). US naval bases in Cuba and the Florida Keys were strengthened and two squadrons of armored cruisers were sent down there. The increasing unlikelihood of war between the US and the CS and the increasing use of machine guns allowed the president to shrink the US Army by two divisions. The United States also came to an agreement with the CSA for both countries to dismantle four forts along the border.

The then recent Austrian invention of the automobile attracted a lot of attention in the United States. In 1899, Thomas Lincoln, son of Robert Todd Lincoln, started the Lincoln Automobile Company in Chicago . Thomas graduated from the most prestigious of the “Lincoln Engineering Schools”, Washington Engineering College at the head of his class just two years before. It soon became the largest company in a small but growing industry partly due to Lincoln’s last name and political connections. Lincoln Automotive remains the largest auto company in the world to date.

Mutual alarm about France brought the US, UK and Japan together in an informal alliance in 1900 with the Tokyo Accord. Although there was no promise of military support by any of the parties Great Britain sent a number of naval advisors to Japan while the US sent it surplus rifles and machine guns. France managed to topple the government of Costa Rica and bring it under its orbit. The US then bought a 20 mile strip in the Isthmus of Panama to build a canal to link the West and East coasts of the US.

Also in 1900 the first professional baseball league was formed in New York with the cities of Albany, Buffalo, Brooklyn, Syracuse and Binghamton. The league soon spread across the East Coast and then the rest of the US. The very first game was between the Brooklyn Clippers and the Buffalo Indians which was won by the Indians 2-1. The economic boom at this time also spread theaters and the new “moving pictures” industry was starting to grow. The movie industry quickly settled in Phoenix which is why the movie industry is referred to as “Phoenix” even to this day. Movie theaters started quickly replacing playhouses all over the country . The US movie industry soon had influence world wide along with England, France and Austria


The United States at the turn of the century Alonzo Carana New York 1962
 
Nice to see the US actually got permission for the Panal Canal, even paying for the land, instead of OTL's toppling the government and not giving anything to Panama for almost 100 years.
 
Nice to see the US actually got permission for the Panal Canal, even paying for the land, instead of OTL's toppling the government and not giving anything to Panama for almost 100 years.

The US is a bit more worried about dealing with both France and the CSA in this timeline so it isn't pushing its weight around quite as much, particularly since it is diplomatically closer to Mexico in TTL. It also got $12,250,000 in OTL which worth a lot more in 1903 than in 2016. Not enough I agree but it wasn't nothing. It paid more in TTL maybe $30 million plus $2 million a year.
 
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The offshore oil leak off the shore of Florida has been stopped. An estimated 20 million gallons of oil were spilled killing fish, small marine mammals and birds. Although most of the attention worldwide was focused on the environmental destruction most of the locals are worried about possible lost jobs. CSA army troops had to be used to separate locals from outside environmental groups whom they accused of trying to get them to lose their jobs.
52% of the wages earned here in Mule Tree, Florida comes from oil drilling and oil equipment and they don’t want to lose that income.


WRLS Pittsburgh Broadcast Nov 8, 1985

The Second Butler Administration was a time of tension worldwide as relations between the UK and France continued to heat up. The Butler Administration tried to speed up construction of the canal but to no avail. It was not finished until the end of the Stanley Administration. The United States signed the London Accords under the Butler Administration in 1900. They lowered tariffs on trade between the two countries by 20%. The United States traded their blueprints of the Sheridan Cavalry Rifle and the Sherman Heavy Cannon for the Bradley Naval Gun. In 1901 it signed the Berlin Treaty in which for $25 million the US was allowed to build naval bases in Prussia’s African colonies. This was wondered about at the time as it seemed to be of little use to the US at the time. However it did help pay for increased troops which were used in the Great War. The Treaty of Moscow signed on Jan 1, 1902 leased Port Arthur to the US for the sum of $5 million per year, it also required the US to lay 310 miles of track a month from Port Arthur to Moscow starting on Jun 1, 1902. Workers from the Union Pacific Railways were used to build the rail lines. It was completed in a little over seven and a half years, including a number of spur lines off the main road.

Diplomacy in the Butler Years John MacLand Tabor Books Milwaukee
1933

I realize on the surface it looked like that the Americans got the better of the deal in the London Accords as the Americans gave us was just a slight boost of our own while they got a significant boost to their naval capability but the fact was the American technology was of secondary importance.

The important thing was to boost US Naval capability so that it could be more of a threat to France if a war broke out which already seemed very likely. With France and the US having quickly worsening relations it seemed altogether likely the US would be either an ally or a very friendly neutral. Although the former was, of course, much more desired by us even the latter would be helpful. Even if the US was only a hostile neutral instead of being actively hostile US naval capabilities would have to be taken into account as continued peaceful relations couldn’t be assured and if France was caught napping by the United States it was in the position to hurt them badly.


Memoirs of Prime Minister Beeching Lanard Books London 1935

With France being a looming threat and Prussia being surrounded on three sides by the Alliance of Rome, something needed to be done to help make sure Prussia wouldn’t fall to the first blow. As such I pushed through a treaty giving Prussia $25 million for a pair of small naval bases. The bases occasional got some use under unusual circumstances but that was not the main purpose. The main purpose was to provide money with which Prussia could use to raise more troops.

The Diaries of Joseph Butler Camdon Books Chicago 1932

The leasing of Port Arthur was more controversial at the time than it is now. For some reason this caused more controversy than selling Alaska to Canada ten years previously. The governor-general has to be approved of by the tsar and has always been of Russian Descent and Russian Orthodox for that reason. Russian ships have the same priority as American in Port Arthur and local customs have been preserved. The port has been greatly expanded and is busier than ever. The vast expansion of rails made possible by the foremost railroad builders on the planet has been a great boon and was very useful during the Great War. Profitable mines are now hooked up to Moscow due to these rails.


Memoirs of Ambassador Vlad Khrushchev Baring Books London 1923
 
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So the US doesn't get Alaska, but seems to be doing so much better than OTL. Also, I need to go back to previous updates because I don't remember why Germany didn't form. Looking forward to this TL's Great War.
 
“An industrial accident in Little Rock , Ark today left 10 dead and 30 wounded a boiler exploded in a backup gas powered generator switched on during a power outage. A spokesman for the Furniture Workers Union has stated this would never have happened in the US and US companies are moving South where they can use slipshod safety practices. Harry Lawrence of the Chicago Furniture Manufacturing Company has stated that the union is trying to score political points over a tragedy and the accident was unforeseeable. “

WYSR St. Louis TV Broadcast. Mar, 7 1985

The role the Stanley Administration played in civil rights was unexpected. Being a Farm and Unionist from Tennessee you would expect it to go backwards but the press of events dictated differently. Born to an East Tennessee Unionist he considered himself a Unionist first and everything else second. His father was mistakenly reported killed in 1863 which devastated the 5 year old Robert Stanley. It was not until a week later for him to find out it was a mistake. This seemed to have a strong effect on the young Robert who stated later that it made him closer to his father than he would have been otherwise. His father stressed that duty to one’s country came before everything else and that the law was the law.

Three important decisions in the US Supreme Court came down. One was Jenkins vs the US in which Johnathon Jenkins of Dearborn, AZ sued the army stating that the 15th amendment forbade the US government from having separate “Colored Troops” and that the US Army had to be desegregated. He won a decision of 5-4 that the army could not discriminate as regards to race. Although Stanley argued against disbanding Colored units when it went to court, he immediately ordered the army to do so when the decision was made stating in a message to the soldiers that “Although you may disagree with the decision, as I do, your first duty is to obey the law. Now the decision has been made it needs to be done in as professional manner as possible. “

The second was Tarson vs the US where the Negro Relocation Act was struck down as unconstitutional stating that the US government could not dictate where someone could live. It had little immediate impact as the 15h applied only to the US government and not the states and so most states simply banned freed slaves living in their states and so they had to move west anyways. It did set a precedent that had impact later.

The third was Lance vs Kentucky which stated that since the various states accepted US funds to fund the agricultural and engineering colleges they either had to refund the US treasury the money or allow everyone to attend their schools. The states of Kentucky, Tennessee, Maryland, New Jersey, Missouri, and Ohio refunded the money while the others did not. When riots broke out in Illinois, Kansas, Indiana and New York enforcing integration of the colleges President Stanley sent in troops, mainly from Arizona to put them down. He stated that he “would be damned if he allowed the Negro Question break up the country again” and he was determined to put an end to it before it started.

By doing so he made the Farm and Union more competitive with Blacks and the Republicans had to compete for them for the first time. This sent some dismay in the Republican Party who were complacent about Black votes. This in turn gave Blacks more political power. There numbers weren’t great enough to be decisive as a whole be in some marginal districts and some Western states they were. This had increasing effects in the future. Seeing that they could actually compete for Black votes made the Farm and Union more racially liberal as well, at least in marginal districts.


Civil Rights under the Stanley Administration Richard Howard Baling Books Baltimore 1933

The election of Stanley sent shockwaves in the South as Stanley was known for being very hostile towards the CSA. US Army Units were placed on the border which necessitated the South doing the same. The acceptance of the Supreme Court decisions sent the same. The CSA went into a full-fledged war scare. Stanley also sent more ships to Cuba and the Keys which worried the French as well as the CSA. Words between France and the US became heated which might have made a difference when war broke out during the Second Stanley Administration……


Diplomacy during the Stanley Years HY Ewing Lantern Books Boston 1933

The completion of the Panama Canal during the First Stanley Administration proved useful during the First Great War. Coalition troops found another easy route to the Far East. RN ships could go from the British West Indies to the French Far East if need be. They could go back the same route if they needed to be shifted there. It also proved to be of great economic importance as a great amount of commercial shipping passed through the canal. When the Great War broke out the US sent no less than an entire brigade and 14 huge coastal batteries to protect it.


The Panama Canal and the Great War Alan P Stanton Bain Books Augusta, Maine 1925

Prussian born inventor Alfred Zimmermann invented the first airplane near Topeka, KS on March 3, 1902. It flew a mere 75 yards but it was soon improved. In 1904 he started Zimmermann Air which took wealthy men on short flying trips. The range and speed rapidly expanded and most military analysts believe that if the war broke out five or ten years later planes would have been used for the first time in the First Great War.

Meanwhile the French Army researched ways to upgrade the engines and increase the size and range of trucks in case they proved useful in war. Although certainly not decisive they proved useful on occasion in the First Great War by allowing the quick evacuation of wounded soldiers. They proved less effective transporting supplies as the weight caused the trucks to break down more frequently.

The French machine gun the Carcajou was the deadliest in the war, outranging the Coalitions guns by 20% they were also more reliable and used heavier bullets. Its weight sometimes became a problem though. They sold large quantities to their allies in Italy and Austria at cost just before the First Great War.

Janice Books Inventions before the First Great War Howard Books London 1944
 
The First Great War came as no surprise to anyone. Europe was a tinderbox for decades and many think it is close to a miracle that it didn’t break out sooner. Of all things the spark was an escaped thief by the name of Hans Schwartz that was chased across the border by the Prussian Police who claim to have not known that they crossed the French border. The mayor called on the French Army to expel the Prussian Police who went back across the border and reported they were attacked by the French Army which then went to the French border and saw a few French Army unites and wired Berlin that the French Army was massing for an attack and the whole thing spun out of control. Jingoistic statements were made in the French and German newspapers.

After repeated border clashes France declared war on Prussia Apr 7, 1906. Great Britain declared war on France Apr 10th, Spain declared war on Prussia and Britain on Apr 12th while Sweden declared war on France and Spain the next day. Italy and Austria followed suit on Apr 15th with Denmark and Russia coming on the 17th. In less than two weeks almost all of Europe was at war. Hans was found dead in his apartment 3 days later with a self-inflicted bullet wound in his head. On his desk was the following note “I should have simply taken my just punishment as a thief. I strongly regret trying to escape. Because of me, thousands will die, maybe millions. I can take the guilt no longer. Long live Prussia. “

The Spanish attacked Gibraltar on Apr 15th and took it after a month at a cost of 45,000 dead and 90,000 wounded. It was the bloodiest battle per square mile of the war. The Ottoman Empire took Suez 6 days later which cost them 20,000 men. The RN blew up three freighters in the canal before fleeing. It clogged the canal for 2 months. The Mediterranean became an Alliance Lake. 75,000 Spanish troops were transported to Africa were shipped to the Southern Ottoman Empire so they could secure the African holdings that were part of the deal to get them in. They quickly grabbed the Prussian Colonies and the Northern Congo (France invaded Belgium two days earlier to “secure its borders” and secured it in a week while Holland held out for 3 weeks) on May 5th, and discovered horrors there that were dismissed as “Allied Propaganda” during the war but proved all too real afterwards.

The French plan was to knock Prussia out of the war quickly. They went a long way towards their goals in about a month. France took the town of Tenmelberg on the 30th while Italy took Linde on May 8th and Austria took Pulz on May 9th.

The Swedes shipped 30,000 troop down to Danzig on the 14th but they didn’t make it in time for any of the battles. At the Battle of Tnmelberg 3 French Corps: The 1st, the 8th and the 3rd fought 2 Prussian ones the 5th and the 8th. The battle went back and forth for quite a while before the French finally took it. In the two day battle the French lost 30,000 men while the Prussians lost 25,000. Col. Johann Stuebling was injured in his left leg with a severed artery and propping his body up with his left arm on a tree waved his men on with his right. Due to this and other deeds of valor he was awarded the Iron Cross First Class posthumously.

The Italians threw 5 corps at the Prussian 2 in the Battle of Linde. The Prussians were prevailing until the Italian 7th corps outflanked them and the Prussians collapsed. Four lieutenant colonels, three full colonels and two brigadier generals were lost by the Italians in the battle. The Italians lost 40,000 men to the Prussian 15,000.

The Austrians marched 3 corps to Pulz meeting only 1 Prussian one. The Prussians cracked quickly with the Austrians losing only 10,000 men to the Prussian 20,000. In the first two weeks of war Prussia already lost over one hundred thousand men, including those from minor skirmishes and knew it was in for a bloody war


The Ottomans exploded on the Russians and got past the Caucuses within 6 weeks where the Russians lost 200,000 men in 6 weeks as compared to the Turks 50,000. The Russians also lost four brigadier generals and two major generals in the battle. At the same time the Austrians marched all the way to Warsaw with fairly weak resistance as it promised Polish independence after the war and set up a puppet government. The Austrians used a light touch in Poland as it thought a closely aligned puppet government would be more useful at the moment than a rebellious province. It lost only 20,000 men and took over 250,000 prisoners, mostly Poles but it was still a long way to Moscow despite the Russians losing over a third of a million men in two months.


The start of the Great War LK Ralwling London 1933
 
Will Hans become romanticized as a tragic villain? He may have started a world war, but he killed himself as penance, with the last words of his suicide note praising Prussia. It seems to have all the ingredients for romanticism.
 
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