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hzn5pk

The TL will go past the ARW into 20th century.

Butterflies have already occurred to make ARW more successful for Pats. What other butterflies do you see?

No I do not see the Pats taking more than what they have

I will touch upon European events, but from this revised American perspective. Sort of like a re-written US history textbook
 

hzn5pk

Session 23 - British moves of 1779

The British evacuate Newport, Rhode Island, raid Connecticut, and prepare for campaigning in the South.

In Nova Scotia, the British regain St. John and Fort Cumberland, but a strong Patriot presence still exists in Nova Scotia, centered in Fredericton. The British also advance in Maine, set up a settlement in the Penobscot bay area. Politicians from Mass are lobbying for more action in Maine/NS. Washington is beginning to turn his attention to the South.

In the South, two American-French efforts to re-capture Savannah are unsuccessful. Benjamin Lincoln is the American commander.

January 1780 – Arnold returns to Washington’s camp

February 1780 - Washington sends Arnold south to defend Charleston.

March – Arnold arrives in Charleston and prepares defenses. He does not have much time as the British arrive in force at the end of the month.

Vermont is accepted into the Continental Congress as the sixteenth state to officially join the move for Independence.
 

hzn5pk

100Fathoms said:
Great update, what's John Paul Jones up to?
Click to expand...

That is a good question, I would say that it is OTL. This TL does not butterfly away his contribution.

To me, there seems to be a number of American leaders who were glad that he was off on the other side of the Atlantic fighting the British.

Yes, I could have him sortie out of Boston to harass Halifax or capture some island in the Caribbean, But it looks like he would be the same as OTL.

Sorry, not much change on the high seas.
 

hzn5pk

Session 24 – 1780, The British roll down South

A stalemate exists in Canada

British naval power is too much on the lower St. Lawrence for the Americans to push to Quebec. Likewise, the Americans with artillery placements on both sides of the Saint Lawrence a little west Sorel have effectively protected Montreal from the Royal Navy. Later in 1780, a naval chain is built across this narrow section of the St. Lawrence to defend Montreal similar to how the Americans blocked the Hudson. The British conserve man power, and the Americans become too strong along the Richelieu River, to Lake Champlain, to the Hudson Valley. The Canadians in Montreal and Sorel seam to welcome the Americans under Schuyler a little better than the English. Schuyler does his part by limiting the interactions of soldiers and civilians. Like Montgomery, he uses the Canadian regiments to garrison positions within the city. Troops from the other colonies are based at Ft. St. Jean.

In the South,

Clinton and Cornwallis launch the siege of Charleston at the end of March 1780.
The British are able to place Charleston under siege. Arnold was able to escape total encirclement in the battle of Monk’s Corner. With this though, he abandoned Charleston which fell to the British two days later. Arnold was forced to retreat to Charlotte, NC where he meets reinforcements under Greene. Starting out with a force of over 5000 men in Charleston, he reached Charlotte with 3000, but he had the core in tact.

Together, Greene and Arnold march back into South Carolina. Arnold with the advance force is met by Cornwallis near Camden, SC. Both sides places the best units on the right flank and militia on the left. The result was that Cornwallis successfully routed the Americans. The American militia were no match for the British while the Loyalist militia were able to hold the Continentals. The Continental Army in the South is a little better than the militia, Washington sent few of the grizzled veterans of the North with Greene and Arnold. Arnold also ran past his supply line to meet Cornwallis at Camden. Greene is able to come up and provide reinforcements in time so that the Continentals are able to regain order in midst of the rout and make an orderly retreat. Greene has a large reserve that is able to be placed in to hold the British advance while Arnold is able to gather the defeated units to withdraw orderly. Camden was a brilliant victory for Cornwallis.

Greene and Arnold engage in a back country war buying more time as more reinforcements are raised. Like Burgoyne and Howe of 1777, they want to lead Cornwallis into a vulnerable position, stretch his supply lines away from the coast and then strike a devastating blow. They find that Cornwallis is a little wiser than his predecessors.

October - Americans are victorious over Loyalists at King’s mountain. This victory over Loyalists does some to lift American spirits over losing Charleston and the stunning defeat at Camden.
 
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hzn5pk

1781 - Year of Decision

January - Daniel Morgan defeats Tarleton at Cowpens as Arnold eludes Cornwallis in the game of cat and mouse in North Carolina. Kings Mountain and Cowpens demonstrate as with the campaigns in the North, the British own the coastal areas and the Americans own the interior.

Arnold and Greene are narrowly defeated at Guilford courthouse. With his diminished forces, Cornwallis has to go to the Coast. His options are back to Charleston, to Wilmington or North into Virginia. He proceeds to Virginia to assist the British/Loyalist forces in the coastal areas. He is followed by a smaller detachment of the Southern Army under Arnold to support Lafayette in Virginia.

Greene with the rest of the army remains in North Carolina and moves back into South Carolina.

Benjamin Lincoln recaptures Augusta, GA.

Greene is narrowly defeated at Eutaw Springs

August – October - American and French forces under Washington converge with Arnold and Lafayette in Virginia to lay siege to Yorktown compelling Cornwallis to surrender.

In the aftermath of Yorktown, Washington and Lafayette are able to convince the French to send their fleet to Charleston to tighten the siege that Greene is conducting. Arnold with light infantry moves overland to come to the aid of his friend Nathaniel Greene. With the French Navy transporting siege guns to Charleston, the Allies are able to bring Charleston under siege. Arnold was able to come up with troops to secure the siege by defeating the British at Monk’s corner for a second time, but in reverse situation. Arnold led the charge to seal the British in Charleston and win the battle. In the process though, he is fatally wounded. The British garrison was attempting to breakout of Charleston and make it to Wilmington, NC. Being trapped, the British surrender to Greene at Charleston in December 1781.

Even before the final surrender of Yorktown, Washington and Arnold were planning the next move. Arnold would move overland with his division and units from Virginia and the Carolinas. Arnold, Washington and Lafayette were able to convince French Admiral, Comte De Grasse in the rapid maneuver to seize Charleston on his way back to the Caribbean. The French refit some for two weeks in the Chesapeake and set sail on November 2nd with the siege cannon for Charleston. They arrive on November 14 outside the harbor.

With the offloading of the siege troops and cannon, the British are under siege with the French fleet, French soldiers, and Nathaniel Greene. The British plan to battle their way out of Charleston, to march and to be evacuated from Wilmington, NC if need be.

Arnold sets off with his 3600 troops overland on October 24th for the 450 mile trip to Charleston SC. He arrives in three weeks (Nov. 14th) to greet the French Fleet and Nathaniel Greene. Arnold was able to come up with troops to secure the siege by defeating the British at Second Battle of Monk’s corner on November 17th, but in reverse situation as American forces are able to halt the British and plug the hole in the siege around Charleston. Arnold led the charge to seal the British in Charleston and win the battle. In the process though, he is fatally wounded. After the battle, the British retreated back to Charleston proper.

Greene has 2400 troops around Charleston, Alexander Hamilton (second in command of Arnold’s troops) 3600 Continentals and Virginia militia, Comte de Grasse 6000 French troops with siege cannon.

The British surrender two weeks after the second battle of Monk’s corner on December 1.

After refitting one more time, Comte De Grasse sets off for the Caribbean on December 12th. He will not be as fortunate in 1782 as he engages the British in the Caribbean at St. Kitts and the Battle of the Saintes.

The Articles of Confederation are formally adopted as the governing relationship between the sixteen states.
 
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hzn5pk

100Fathoms said:
So Arnold escapes his OTL fate of treason and becomes a martyr for the young Country, cool.:cool:
Click to expand...

Arnold was bold, had initiative, and was not opposed to place himself in danger during a battle. Sooner or later, his luck will run out.

A few new settlements in the new republic will be named after him
 

hzn5pk

Session 26 – Winding down the war

1782
British evacuate Savannah and Wilmington

The French maintain a small naval presence in Boston, otherwise they move bacl to the Caribbean. There also remains a contingent of French soldiers.

The US captures Lunenburg, NS and for a third time captures St. John and Ft. Cumberland along with the new Penobscot Bay settlements as well. These new settlers are encouraged to stay as long as they obey the laws of Massachusetts. British power is restricted to the Halifax area once again.

Washington is still on a vigil outside New York wants to capture New York.

The Americans though had enough funds in the coffers for one last campaign. That campaign was the last one in Nova Scotia to make due on old promises to New England states to address the situation when the time is right.

Congress starts to wind down the war. There is simply no more funding left.

US and British sign preliminary peace accords. All 16 states will be independent. British still hold New York and vicinity, Long Island, and Halifax and vicinity, And Canada from Quebec to Trois Rivieres.

Before marching off to Charleston, Arnold and Hamilton are able to convince Lafayette to remain in America, to become a citizen of the new republic, to help guide her through her early years. Eventually, Washington will make Lafayette the manager and successor to his plantations. Lafayette has a positive effect on plantation owners in Virginia and North Carolina. More of them in the spirit of freedom free their slaves or make provisions that they will be free upon their death or that the children of their slaves will be born free.

1783
Peace of Paris
- All 16 states are independent, US also gains OTL Upper Canada. Border is Mississippi River. (Northwestern border is ambiguous)
- British retain the island of Newfoundland (Labrador to USA, will be part of Canada), Rupert's Land, and Northwest Territory
- Loyalists are given land grants in new territories of the USA as compensation for previous property being confiscated by states. Judges are established by Congress to review property matters.

American relationship with France strained some as Americans make separate deal with British to end the war and win independence.

British troops evacuate New York, Halifax, and Quebec. British evacuate some Loyalists as well
 

hzn5pk

Session 27 – A more perfect union

1784 – a more permanent union is considered by the former colonies.
An unlikely force for the US Constitution is that of the French Canadians. There are two drivers for the French Canadians. The first is the view that the states south of the St. Lawrence will become more powerful as time goes on. They see that the protection from the other states is needed in a stronger federal government. The second is the question of what to do with the vast territory that the nation now has and the overlapping land claims of the different states. The exact borders of each of the states are not 100% defined. The Canadians propose that all of the territory that is not part of the traditional states be given to the national government to administered and developed into future states. The Canadians go so far as to define the borders of Canada giving up its vast claim of the Ohio and even that of Upper Canada. A third driver is to be able to protect the rights of French Canadians outside of Canada in these yet to be developed regions. The Canadians do not see a strong Federal government restricting their rights, but defending the rights against the other more powerful states in America.

Jefferson, Lafayette, Hamilton, Madison and others join the Canadians in the desire to peacefully settle claims of the vast territory of the United States.

What is first only a simple ordinance to be passed under the Articles of Confederation for the future states and to settle land claims develops into a new form of government under the United States Constitution.

Benjamin Franklin reconciles with his son William. Benjamin states that William can best look after the welfare of former Loyalists who remain in the USA by returning back to the USA from London to look after land grants given to displaced loyalists in Upper Canada. William Franklin will be appointed governor of Ontario and will make his initial capital in Kingston. Land grants were given by the authority of Congress to displaced loyalists in the areas that would become Ontario, Maine, and Nova Scotia. William Franklin leads the loyalist settlers of Ontario. He establishes Kingston near the site that Alexander Hamilton established Fort Ontario in 1779.

1785 – Constitution developed in the United States in Congress Assembled among what will be called the Federalist Faction to develop a stronger Union. The Constitution through a series of debates and compromises is developed passed by Congress and sent to the states to ratify.

Article 1 – the rights of the people, the citizens of each state (called the Bill of Rights). The Canadians were adamant that the rights to the people had to be defined first. Included in this article is how naturalized citizens are made through oaths of allegiances administered by Federal judge.
Article 2 – Legislative branch
Article 3 – Executive branch
Article 4 – Judicial branch

1786 – Constitution ratified by 12 states and goes into effect, the first national election is held in November 1786. George Washington is elected first POTUS.

1787 – George Washington becomes first POTUS, John Adams VP, Ben Franklin is appointed as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. The first United States Congress meets. New York City is the first temporary capital.

One of the first acts is the Territorial Realignment Act. The following territories are created.
- Northwest Territory created free of slavery, Lafayette is appointed territorial governor with the capital in Cincinnati which will be established the following year.
- Ontario territory created free of slavery as an area for former displaced Loyalists, William Franklin is appointed territorial governor with territorial capital in Kingston.
- Superior territory created free of slavery, US assists/relocates NE Indians to superior from New York, Lafayette is appointed territorial governor.
- Kentucky Territory created from Virginia (new slavery is prohibited, current owners are allowed to retain slaves and owners moving into Kentucky with slaves are allowed to retain slaves.)
- Tennessee Territory created from North Carolina (slavery is same status as Kentucky)
- Southwest Territory created from lands west of Georgia (no mention of slavery)

1790 – Washington re-elected POTUS
 
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Silver

More please. :):):) So no Shay's Rebellion? :confused::confused::confused: It's a pity the USA didn't grab the Bahamas and Bermuda during the American Revolution, especially with help from the French. Speaking of the French, how does Lafayette staying in the USA affect the French Revolution? :confused::confused::confused: Please let me know. Thank you. :):):)
 

hzn5pk

Shay's rebellion - 75% chance still occurs, constitution already in effect though. Same state gov't in Mass which is more dedicated to collecting taxes

Bahamas and Bermuda - France wanted US to be successful, but not too successful. Bahamas maybe, would have been tied to France for naval aid. Britain was successful in 1782 naval campaign in Caribbean, made up for 1781 losses.

French revolution - goes same as OTL
 

hzn5pk

Session 28 – 1790’s

1791 – Second term for George Washington, the Virginia portion of the Delmarva Peninsula is chosen as the seat for the Federal government. Out of humility, Washington does not want his name to be used in conjunction with the capital. The entire area is named the District of Columbia. After his term, Washington aids in the development of the District and of a new city on the Potomac River in Maryland named Potomac City.
Two party system is established as Adams leads Federalists against Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans. Lafayette supports both.
Alexander Hamilton had done much to stabilize the government’s finances. His next measure was to create the first national bank in Philadelphia.

1792 – Kentucky becomes 17th state

1793 – Jay’s Treaty is established between Britain and USA

1794 – John Adams (Federalist) elected 2nd POTUS, Alexander Hamilton is retained as Treasury Secretary, Timothy Pickering is Secretary of State, Jefferson becomes Senator from Virginia

1795 – With the US finances in good shape, Alexander Hamilton proposes a national road network and it is approved by Congress. A series of roads will be constructed to link the states. The Cumberland road from Baltimore through the Northwest Territory is one, Knox road from Boston to upstate New York to Montreal is a second, the Ontario road from Montreal to Fort Detroit is third, the Oneida road from the Ontario road into Superior territory was a promise to the NE Indians is a fourth. Roads are also developed to link Kentucky to Virginia better and Tennessee to North Carolina. It will take thirty years, but the United States will have a road network.

1796 – Tennessee becomes 18th state

1798 – July 7, Under Timothy Pickering, USA declares war on France, joins Second Coalition against the advice of George Washington. Naval build up under Adams begins to protect US coast. John Adams vetoes Alien and Sedition acts stating that the sedition act violates the nature of Article 1 of the US Constitution.

USA has general buildup of Army and Navy. Americans are able to capture Saint Louis under William Henry Harrison and Spanish New Orleans under Andrew Jackson. French support of Indians in Norhtwest and Southwest is crushed. Georgia and Carolina militias probe into Florida.

USA able to capture St. Pierre and Miquelon.

USA proper at the time is never threatened with attack.

Canadians and Acadians as well as most Americans support war against France

1798 – John Adams (Federalist) re-elected president
 

hzn5pk

Session 29 - Jefferson

1798 – John Adams (Federalist) re-elected president

1801 – Ontario (Upper Canada) becomes 19th state, Ohio Territory created, comprises of former Loyalists and freed slaves. A portion of the freed slaves are some that George Washington had freed after his second term was complete. Other prominent Virginians will take his lead and free slaves.

1802 – March, Peace of Amiens between USA and France/Spain, USA acquires St Pierre and Miquelon (adds it to Quebec), borders return to Mississippi River. USA given trade rights in New Orleans. France and Spain refuse American offers to purchase both Florida and Louisiana. War is generally successful but with the military build up and the road system, US debt increases.

1802 – Thomas Jefferson (Democratic Republican) elected 3rd POTUS.After eight years of Adams and some say twelve years of Federalist rule, the Democratic-Republicans gain the White House.

1803 – Louisiana purchase between USA and France as a result of continued US strength on the American Continent and the successful revolt of Haiti. Rebels in Haiti aided by Americans.

1803 – Ohio becomes 20th state

1803 – Jefferson renews revisions of the Jay treaty

1804 – Lewis and Clark expedition sets out of St. Louis,
Hamilton survives the Burr-Hamilton duel

1805 – Pike expedition of the Upper Mississippi and Red River of the North. Pike does not find source of Mississippi, ends up at Fort Geary (Winnipeg). Writes favorable report on Red River (of the North) area. This will lead the eventual purchase of the Red River area by the Americans. Ironically, he will also explore the Red River in the South, the Rocky Mountains, discover the highest peak which will bear his name, and eventually end up in Sante Fe, Spain where he will be interned.

1806 – Jefferson (Democratic Republican) reelected POTUS

1807 – Louisiana becomes 21st state, enters as a slave state (14 free, 7 slave). Slavery is banned in rest of Louisiana Purchase similar to Northwest Territory. It is called the Missouri Territory with Saint Louis as the capital.
Tensions rise between USA and Britain over freedom of seas. Jefferson threatens general embargo of goods to Britain. Lafayette is most influential in saying that it will hurt Americans more and damage national unity.

1808 – New York state under Alexander Hamilton begins to build both the Welland canal to connect Lake Eerie and Lake Ontario and the Eerie canal to connect Lake Eerie to the Hudson. These canals would later aid in the establishment of cities/ports on the Great lakes as well as contribute to the growth of Montreal, Quebec, Toronto and especially New York City. Under the Democrats, US government does not appropriate funds for the projects.

1809 – US debt is under control after the Franco-American War and National Road Network acts. Democrat-Republicans support an amendment to the US Constitution restricting the national government to not over spend its budget in times of peace. It is known as the balanced budget amendment. It is passed in the coming years.
 

hzn5pk

100Fathoms said:
Good posts,I'm guessing Britain is starting to impressing Americans at sea. :mad:
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Yes, the British rule the seas supreme. They are starting on their second empire.

The US-Britain relations though are a whole lot better due to the Americans joining the alliance against the French. That was with the Federalists in charge. With the Dem-Reps in charge under Jefferson, the pro-Britain zeal will lose a little, but it will be stronger than OTL.

The fact that the British are not agitating the tribes also helps relations.

So the British are a little nicer to US, and the US is a little less rash when communicating disappointments with the British.
 

hzn5pk

Session 30 - Madison

1810 – Madison (Democratic Republican) elected 4th POTUS, maintains US naval strength as American ships are subject to search and seizure by British. The Americans protest.

1813 – Trade and peace treaty re-established with Britain, peace is made on the high seas. Britain respects US citizens. Anyone suspected of deserting the Royal Navy to come to America will be tried in the nearest American or British court to determine legal status of citizenship. There are some who want war with the British, but the moderate Democrat-Republicans and the Federalists are able to team to ensure cooler heads prevail similar to the embargo acts that Jefferson wanted.

1814 – Madison (Democratic Republican) re-elected, Zebulon Pike is second secretary of the Interior.

1816 – Indiana becomes 22nd state

1817 – Mississippi becomes 23rd state, slave

1818 – Illinois becomes 24th state

1818 – Upon the advice of Zebulon Pike, the USA purchases the Red River drainage area from Britain. Area also includes the Saskatchewan River drainage area as well. The Hudson Bay Company still fur has trapping rights in the area for the next 25 years. Area will not be opened for settlement for 25 years. Americans take over Fort Geary at the base of Lake Winnipeg. It will grow into the city of Winnipeg.

three fourths of each house pass the funding above the current year's budget to purchase the territory according to the second amendment.
 
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