Let's say that all the circumstances needed for the Red Banner to be hoisted on the lunar surface as opposed to the Stars and Stripes occur. How the Sovs get there is not so important as what happens next. Assuming that like the OTL moon landings this takes place at the end of the sixties, what would happen next?
Funny you should post this. Back in the '80s, it was discovered that the Soviets actually did have a manned moon program. The cosmonauts would have had to spacewalk to their lunar lander. So what happened? Even after
Apollo 11 landed, (or if you're a conspiracy theorist, pretended to land), on
the moon, the Soviets were trying to get there. The problem? Their carrier
rocket, which was bigger than the Saturn V, kept blowing up on the launch pad at Baikonaur. They finally gave up on the moon and concentrated on putting people on space stations. If the Soviets succeeded, and the Americans failed, you could bet that Pravada would be trumpeting it as a
great "Socialist achievement", and the crew of the first successful Soviet
moon landing would receive the Hero of the Soviet Union medal. As for the
United States? We'd probably cancel all Apollo moon missions and turn the
second stage into Sky Lab, our first space station, much sooner than OTL.