WI: Mycenaean Greece never fell

[Historico]

"’Mycenaean’ is the name given to the characteristic culture of southern and central Greece in the late Bronze Age (c. 1600-1100 B.C.). The earliest manifestations of the culture are found in the Peloponnese in the sixteenth century BC, especially in the northeast (later Argolis) and the southwest (later Messenia). By about 1400 BC the Mycenaean civilization had penetrated the greater part of mainland Greece, extending as far north as Thessaly and the borders of Epirus. From c. 1400 to c. 1200 BC two main trends are discernible: the movement towards a remarkable homogeneity of culture over a wide area, and the expansion of the Mycenaeans far beyond the Greek homeland. Excavations have revealed Mycenaean remains in Sicily, southern Italy, Egypt, the Dodecanese, the Cyclades, Cyprus, the Levant, and sites in the west of Asia Minor. There were certainly Mycenaean settlements in Rhodes and in Melos; heavy concentrations of Mycenaean imports elsewhere, for example in cyprus, may reflect settlement or the establishment of trading posts. The Mycenaeans were thus in direct contact with two of the other ‘great powers’ in the eastern Mediterranean: Egypt and Ugarit (an important entrepot on the Syrian coast). Their communication with the Hittite empire was probably indirect. It is a question whether the homogeneous culture of the Mycenaean world reflects a political unity (resembling the Hittite monarchy) or a loose federation of independent states."

"Signs of serious trouble become apparent c. 1250 BC when some of the major centres of Mycenaean Greece were affected by fires. At the end of the thirteenth century a series of crippling disasters overtook the Mycenaeans, destroying some settlements, severely damaging others, and bringing to an end the unified Mycenaean culture. (The agent or agents of this widespread destruction cannot be identified with certainty.) In the undestroyed centres the Mycenaeans continued their way of life which now showed greater provincialism than in the fourteenth and thirteenth centuries and was no longer centered upon the important palaces. There was some movement of populations away from Mycenaean centres to Kephallenia, Achaea, Crete and Cyprus. An exception to the trend towards provincialism is provided by Perati in eastern Attica, which had links with Egypt and the east. By about 1100 B.C. the distinctive Mycenaean culture was coming to an end. In the places where it survived it evolved into ‘sub-Mycenaean’, and Attica replaced Argolis as the main innovative centre of the Greek mainland." Hooker, "The Mycenaeans," p. 210.]

What If the Doric Tribes moved eastward and joined up with Phyrigan tribes that defeated the Hittite Empire. How would Greece turn out with out an "Dark Ages"? Is there a possibility we might see an united greece? Or even an explosion of Neo-Minoan Culture? Please Discuss

[Midgard]

IMO the nature of Greek civilization before and after the fall of Mycaenean age has retained one major characteristic - that of "polis", the city-state that was generally a part of loose confederation of similar city-states. The earlier Greeks were not much of the empire builders, rather, any sort of political power and control was rather informal, and cemented by alliances rather than outright submission.

As such, should the Mycaeneans survive the "dark age" of XIIth century BC, the Greek civilization will probably develop in a manner similar to that of OTL, but with an important difference of developing earlier. The Greek colonies would cover the Mediterranean much sooner, and by IXth or VIIIth centuries BC the Mediterranean will have become somewhat of a Greek lake, although being that Greeks have historically mostly preferred colonization to open conquest, there is not likely to be a large Greek empire - rather hundreds of small city-states, not unlike OTL.

Thus, the character of the Mediterranean world is likely to be quite different, as with the greater extent of Greek colonization, and thus lesser extent of Phoenician one, Carthage is not likely to become as powerful an empire as it was OTL, if it is even founded at all. Being that the POD would be early enough to prevent the founding of Rome altogether, it is likely that Italy will be seen as "Magna Graecia", populated mostly by the Greek colonists and their descendants, with the last of the native people's seen as either barbarians, or assimilated enough into the Greek society to not have too much difference between them and the settlers.

Strangely, the only times the ancient Greeks have united in any shape or form, even before the "dark ages" (if Homer's poems are in any way a somewhat realistic indication of the social structure of Greece at the time, gods and heroes notwithstanding), was when there was some sort of an external enemy to fight - even when the enemy was a rival coalition of fellow Greeks. With such alliances not lasting long past the war, the only time the united Greece was achieved before the Roman times was through direct conquest by a determined succession of leaders, those being the Macedonians Philip and Alexander - even when Sparta achieved military domination a century earlier, they could not keep the direct spoils of their conquests much past the war. The Athenian alliance, which opposed them, could not keep its integrity either - thus the most likely way for united Greece in the "no dark age" scenario would have been to have a dynasty of conquerors who last long enough to create a lasting kingdom, which, ironically, has not been done until Philip's time.

Originally Posted by Historico

"’Mycenaean’ is the name given to the characteristic culture of southern and central Greece in the late Bronze Age (c. 1600-1100 B.C.). The earliest manifestations of the culture are found in the Peloponnese in the sixteenth century BC, especially in the northeast (later Argolis) and the southwest (later Messenia). By about 1400 BC the Mycenaean civilization had penetrated the greater part of mainland Greece, extending as far north as Thessaly and the borders of Epirus. From c. 1400 to c. 1200 BC two main trends are discernible: the movement towards a remarkable homogeneity of culture over a wide area, and the expansion of the Mycenaeans far beyond the Greek homeland. Excavations have revealed Mycenaean remains in Sicily, southern Italy, Egypt, the Dodecanese, the Cyclades, Cyprus, the Levant, and sites in the west of Asia Minor. There were certainly Mycenaean settlements in Rhodes and in Melos; heavy concentrations of Mycenaean imports elsewhere, for example in cyprus, may reflect settlement or the establishment of trading posts. The Mycenaeans were thus in direct contact with two of the other ‘great powers’ in the eastern Mediterranean: Egypt and Ugarit (an important entrepot on the Syrian coast). Their communication with the Hittite empire was probably indirect. It is a question whether the homogeneous culture of the Mycenaean world reflects a political unity (resembling the Hittite monarchy) or a loose federation of independent states."

"Signs of serious trouble become apparent c. 1250 BC when some of the major centres of Mycenaean Greece were affected by fires. At the end of the thirteenth century a series of crippling disasters overtook the Mycenaeans, destroying some settlements, severely damaging others, and bringing to an end the unified Mycenaean culture. (The agent or agents of this widespread destruction cannot be identified with certainty.) In the undestroyed centres the Mycenaeans continued their way of life which now showed greater provincialism than in the fourteenth and thirteenth centuries and was no longer centered upon the important palaces. There was some movement of populations away from Mycenaean centres to Kephallenia, Achaea, Crete and Cyprus. An exception to the trend towards provincialism is provided by Perati in eastern Attica, which had links with Egypt and the east. By about 1100 B.C. the distinctive Mycenaean culture was coming to an end. In the places where it survived it evolved into ‘sub-Mycenaean’, and Attica replaced Argolis as the main innovative centre of the Greek mainland." Hooker, "The Mycenaeans," p. 210.]

What If the Doric Tribes moved eastward and joined up with Phyrigan tribes that defeated the Hittite Empire. How would Greece turn out with out an "Dark Ages"? Is there a possibility we might see an united greece? Or even an explosion of Neo-Minoan Culture? Please Discuss

[Tom_B]

Originally Posted by midgardmetal

IMO the nature of Greek civilization before and after the fall of Mycaenean age has retained one major characteristic - that of "polis", the city-state that was generally a part of loose confederation of similar city-states. The earlier Greeks were not much of the empire builders, rather, any sort of political power and control was rather informal, and cemented by alliances rather than outright submission.

As such, should the Mycaeneans survive the "dark age" of XIIth century BC, the Greek civilization will probably develop in a manner similar to that of OTL, but with an important difference of developing earlier. The Greek colonies would cover the Mediterranean much sooner, and by IXth or VIIIth centuries BC the Mediterranean will have become somewhat of a Greek lake, although being that Greeks have historically mostly preferred colonization to open conquest, there is not likely to be a large Greek empire - rather hundreds of small city-states, not unlike OTL.

Thus, the character of the Mediterranean world is likely to be quite different, as with the greater extent of Greek colonization, and thus lesser extent of Phoenician one, Carthage is not likely to become as powerful an empire as it was OTL, if it is even founded at all. Being that the POD would be early enough to prevent the founding of Rome altogether, it is likely that Italy will be seen as "Magna Graecia", populated mostly by the Greek colonists and their descendants, with the last of the native people's seen as either barbarians, or assimilated enough into the Greek society to not have too much difference between them and the settlers.

Strangely, the only times the ancient Greeks have united in any shape or form, even before the "dark ages" (if Homer's poems are in any way a somewhat realistic indication of the social structure of Greece at the time, gods and heroes notwithstanding), was when there was some sort of an external enemy to fight - even when the enemy was a rival coalition of fellow Greeks. With such alliances not lasting long past the war, the only time the united Greece was achieved before the Roman times was through direct conquest by a determined succession of leaders, those being the Macedonians Philip and Alexander - even when Sparta achieved military domination a century earlier, they could not keep the direct spoils of their conquests much past the war. The Athenian alliance, which opposed them, could not keep its integrity either - thus the most likely way for united Greece in the "no dark age" scenario would have been to have a dynasty of conquerors who last long enough to create a lasting kingdom, which, ironically, has not been done until Philip's time.

These are very good points against Historico/Phaeton's fantasies of GreeK unity getting fulfilled. Still is there not some possibility Mycenae itself dominate the Greeks for an extended period of time--though eventually its rule should collapse and the Greeks disintegrate?

Tom

[robertp6165]

Originally Posted by midgardmetal

IMO the nature of Greek civilization before and after the fall of Mycaenean age has retained one major characteristic - that of "polis", the city-state that was generally a part of loose confederation of similar city-states. The earlier Greeks were not much of the empire builders, rather, any sort of political power and control was rather informal, and cemented by alliances rather than outright submission.

As such, should the Mycaeneans survive the "dark age" of XIIth century BC, the Greek civilization will probably develop in a manner similar to that of OTL, but with an important difference of developing earlier. The Greek colonies would cover the Mediterranean much sooner, and by IXth or VIIIth centuries BC the Mediterranean will have become somewhat of a Greek lake, although being that Greeks have historically mostly preferred colonization to open conquest, there is not likely to be a large Greek empire - rather hundreds of small city-states, not unlike OTL.

I disagree with you. There appears to be, based on Hittite records, a strong possibility that the Mycenaean Greeks did, in fact, unite, or at the very least form something a good deal stronger than a simple, temporary league. There is record of a powerful kingdom to the west of the Hittites called Ahhiyawa which existed between 1380 BC and 1200 BC. While the actual location of this kingdom and the composition of it's people is disputed, the most likely identification is with the Mycenaeans (also called "Achaeans").

The King of Ahhiyawa was reckoned a "Great King", equal in standing to the King of the Hittite Empire and the Pharaoh of Egypt. Indeed, it is interesting to note that at this period, even so powerful a ruler as the King of Assyria was not reckoned a Great King in Hittite records, which is an indicator of how powerful the Kingdom of Ahhiyawa must have been.

Based on the few names of Ahhiyawan cities which have crept into the Hittite records, the kingdom seems to have been centered in mainland Greece, while also holding some territory in southwestern Anatolia, where their major center was the city of Millawanda (later Miletus).

One other interesting note...in the mid-13th century BC, the King of Ahhiyawa was named Attarissiya. This is remarkably similar to ATREUS, who according to Greek legend founded the dynasty at the city of Mycenae which produced Agamemnon, leader of the Greek forces in the Trojan War.

We do know that the various Greek cities such as Pylos, Tiryns, and others all had their own kings, which would seem to argue against there being a strong union between the Mycenaean cities. But then, the cities of the Hittite Empire all had their own kings as well, and there was certainly a strong union there. The Great King of Hatti was the feudal overlord of the kings of the other Hittite cities. And there does seem to exist the possibility, based on the above evidence, that a similar arrangement existed in Mycenaean Greece...probably with the King of Mycenae as the Great King and feudal overlord of the other Greek Kings.

Assuming this is true, then the Great Kings of Ahhiyawa, had they managed to weather the great catastrophe of c. 1200 BC, could very well have established a relatively long-lasting empire. The Hittite Empire, which appears to have had a similar structure, lasted for over 600 years, and there is no particular reason why the Ahhiyawa/Mycenaean Empire could not have lasted as long, or longer, if given the chance.

[Historico]

Now, Do we have any other Ahhiwayan king names..Or is Attarissiya the only one?

[robertp6165]

Originally Posted by Historico

Now, Do we have any other Ahhiwayan king names..Or is Attarissiya the only one?

Attarissiya is the only Ahhiyawan king name from the Hittite records which I have been able to locate. The Hittite records, for the most part, do not name the Great Kings of other lands. They refer to them by their title, not by their name..."my brother, the Great King of Ahhiyawa" for example. "My brother" simply means "King equal in rank to myself."

But assuming Attarissiya is in fact the semi-legendary Atreus, then there is no reason not to use the other known names of Mycenaean kings from Greek legend...Agamemnon, etc.

One thing we have to remember about the way the Hittites transcribe names is that they are limited by the syllabic cuneiform script which they use. Instead of representing a single sound, like our alphabet, cuneiform signs each represent a syllable. So a name like Atreus almost certainly would come out looking very strange...Attarissiya...when transcribed into cuneiform.

[MerryPrankster]

Robert,

Perhaps the opening narration of the movie Troy was more accurate than we typically give Hollywood credit for?

Agamemnon could have been a "High King" who'd forced the others to be his vassals, but didn't have the power to meddle in their internal affairs. He could make them supply armies for his campaigns (such as attacking Troy), but that might be it.

[robertp6165]

Originally Posted by Matt Quinn

Robert,

Perhaps the opening narration of the movie Troy was more accurate than we typically give Hollywood credit for?

Agamemnon could have been a "High King" who'd forced the others to be his vassals, but didn't have the power to meddle in their internal affairs. He could make them supply armies for his campaigns (such as attacking Troy), but that might be it.

I haven't yet seen the movie, but if that is what the opening narration says, then it is probably historically accurate, which is amazing for any Hollywierd flick. That's essentially what the Great King of Hatti was during the great period of the Hittite empire...perhaps a little stronger than what we normally imagine when we picture a "High King," but the local sub-rulers still had a lot of autonomy. Something like that may very well have prevailed in Ahhiyawa/Mycenaean Greece.

[Historico]

THE AHHIYWAN EMPIRE: Part One, The First Period

1700-1650 BCE.: Either an Invasion coming from turkey or Earthquake in the Minoan Crete causes an large disturbance in Crete. After that the population rose again, and the palaces were rebuilt, even larger than before. The Minoans began heavy colonization, in southern Italy, Northern Africa and establish an powerful administration in OTL Sicily.

c.a. 1550's BCE: The City of Mycenae, located in the north Peloponnesus, come to dominate Archaea and formed the Mycenaean Civilization.

1380-1230 BCE: The Myceaneans or The Ahhiyawans by The Hitities join together in allaince known as the Assuwan Leauge that extened from Lycia to Troad. During this period, both kingdoms shall prosper greatly and few wars are played against eachother. The Myceanean's are a Great Seafearing nation, with merchants reaching the north shore's of Italy and as far south as The Land of Punt. The Ahhiyawan people enjoy the sense of great freedom and Independence of being ruled over by their feudal Kings.

1255 BCE: Attarissiya of Myceane(Atreus) unites the Ahhiyawan cities of Iolkos,Pthia, Tirins, Milewanda and several others(Troy remains it's own independent state, with it's power steadily increasing). He assumes the title of Great King of Ahhiyawa, which is recognized by his vassal rulers in other Ahhiywan cities.

1232-1230 BCE: War against Hatti: King Attarissiya of Ahhiyawa breaks away from the Assuwan Leauge, and Invades Asia Minor in attempt to conquer the Hittite Empire. Great King Tudhailya IV of Hatti quickly sends his forces to push them back to the Agean. Several more battles occur, and The War is inconclusive and a peace treaty is signed is between the two nations is signed in early 1230. However, this war effectivley ends the Pax Hattica period between the two kingdoms.


1225 BCE: King Attarissiya of Ahhiyawa dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Attarissiya II. Also in this year, Pharoah Ramases II "The Great" dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Merneptah I.

1221: Pharoah Merneptah I defeats an mixed horde of Libyan Tribes, and Minoan Mercenaries.

1220 BCE: King Tudhailya IV of Hatti dies, he is succeeded by his cousin who takes to the throne as Karunta I. However Karunta is an incredibly weak ruler, and is asassinated under mysterious circumstances six months later. Arnuwanda, son of Tudhailya IV, takes the title of King.

1215-925 BCE: The feudal lords of the Minoan City states across the Medeterranien meet together of Posopolei(Sicily) to discuss an possible allaince. After many argument's the council creates the Leauge of Minos. The League would act to prevent any acts of aggression or subversion against any member state. The League would maintain an army levied from member states in approximate proportion to their size. The Leauge will continue succesfully for many years.

1215 BCE: Pharaoh Merneptah I of Egypt dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Seti II. Also in this year, King Arnuwanda I of Hatti dies, He is succeeded by his brother who takes to the throne as Suppilumia II. He will be the last king of the Hittite Empire.

1210-1200 BCE: The Peleset, Shekelesh, Denyen, Weshesh, Lukka, Sherden, and The Teresh a.k.a., The Sea Peoples lay seige against the Medeterrainen. After several successful attacks against Minoan colonies, King Attarissiya of Ahhiyawa signs a treaty of allaince between the two powers with heavy disagrement from his vassal rulers. Together the force will leave an Power Vaccum of sorts(Not as bad as in OTL), Crushing the Hittite Empire, Breaking up the Caananite Block, and Crippiling the Egyptian Empire.


1209 BCE: Pharaoh Seti II of Egypt dies, He is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Setnacht I.


1200 BCE: King Attarissiya II of Ahhiyawa dies, He is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Agamemnon I. He will be known for his skullfully Millitary skills, and Popularity graceing him with the title of Agamemnon "The Great".


c.a 1200 BCE: The Second Hittite Empire falls to attacks by invading Phrygian and Kaska tribesman. The capital at Hattusas is burned and abandoned. Many Hittites flee south of the Taurus mountains and take refuge in the city-states of Cilicia (at this time called Kizzuwanda) and northern Syria, many of which are inhabited by the Luwians, a people who are ethnically and culturally similar to the Hittites and speak a related language.

c.a. 1200 BCE: The Doric tribes north of Greece move westward and join the Phyrigan and Kaska tribesman besiging the Hittite Empire.


1198 BCE: Pharaoh Senchat I of Egypt dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Ramases III.

1197 BCE: The First Period of China officially begins.

1193-1183 BCE: The Trojan War. For years, the Ahhiyawan Kings have watched the Kingdom of Troy in Asia Minor like an Hawk. King Agamenmon dreams of amassing the legendary wealth of King Prius(Prium). With the event of the Trojan Pari(Paris) courting the queen of Sparta Helenes(Helen) causes the Ahhiyawan vassal kings to give their full support.

Agamenmon commanded an amazing force of 28 contingents and a force of 100,000 men. The Greeks besieged Troy for nine years. There were occasional skirmishes, both with Troy and her allies. At home however, Agamenmon set his strong-wife Clytemnestra in charge. . After Nine years, The Greeks devised a new ruse - a giant hollow wooden horse. It was built by Epeius and filled with Greek warriors led by Odysseus. The rest of the Greek army appeared to leave and the Trojans accepted the horse as a peace offering. A Greek spy, Sinon, convinced the Trojans the horse was a gift despite the warnings of Laocoon and Cassandra The Trojans celebrated hugely and when the Greeks emerged from the horse the city was in a drunken stupor. The Greek warriors opened the city gates to allow the rest of the army access and the city was ruthlessly pillaged, The House of Prius slaughtered and Burned to the ground. The City-state of Troy VI is no more.

1183 BCE: King Agamenmon returns to the Ahhiyawan capital of Myceane. While he was gone, Queen Clytemnestra begun an Affair with the Aegisthus, the only surviving sun of Attarissiya's brother Thyesetes. The couple are murdered by hand by Agamenmon in their bath.

1177 BCE: King Agamenmon "The Great" of Ahhiyawa dies, he is succeeded by his youngest son, who takes to the throne as Orestrelei(Orestres) I.

1168 BCE: The Kassite Dynasty of Babylon is overthrown by the Elamite King Shutruk-nahhunte. Babylon is captured and plundered (It is at this time that the famous stele of the Law Code of Hammurabi is taken to the Elamite capital at Susa). The Elamites rule Babylonia for the next 30 years.

1167 BCE: Pharaoh Ramses III of Egypt dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Ramases IV.

1161 BCE: Pharaoh Ramses IV of Egypt dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Ramases V.


1156 and Onward BCE: The Second Dynasty of Isin comes to power in Babylonia. In the aftermath of the overthrow of the Kassite dynasty by the Elamites, a new dynasty arises in the town of Isin under Marduk-kabit-ahheshu, (1156–1139 BC) who by the end of his reign will retake Babylon and re-establish the independence of Babylonia from the Elamites.

1150-1090 BCE: A massive Civil War in Egypt causes, an Partition of Power consiting of The High Priests of Ammon in Thebes. The Pharaoh still rule with an severley weakned hand in Tanis.

1145 BCE: King Ostrelei of Ahhiyawa dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Agamenmon II.

1125-1103 BCE: --Reign of King Nebuchadnezzar I of Babylon. He invades and conquers most of Elam.

1115 BCE: King Agamenmon II of Ahhiywana dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Attarissiya III.

1115-1077 BCE: Reign of King Tiglath Pileser I of Assyria. Assyria invades the region inhabited by the Hittites and extracts tribute, and strips the Hittite dynasties ruling over the cities. This event, marks the true meeting between Ahhiywana and Assyria. In 1081 he defeats King Marduk-nadin-ahhe of Babylon and conquers Babylonia, ending the Second Dynasty of Isin.

c.a. 1100 BCE: Over the past 3 centuries, Aramaean nomads have been infiltrating the Syrian region. By 1100 BC, they are powerful enough that they take control of some of the southern Hittite cities, such as Damascus.

1076-934 BCE: Aramaean invasions of Mesopotamia. Incursions by Aramaean nomads severely weaken Assyria. Assyria loses control over the Hittite cities of Syria, and enters a period of decline. Also during this time, Babylonia is invaded by Aramaeans and Chaldeans, and breaks up into small tribal states. It will be some time before the country Is re-united.

1174 BCE: King Astarissiya III of Ahhiyawa dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Ostrelei II.

1074-1130 BCE: The Reign of King Ostrelei. During his long reign, Ostrelei looks west towards Asia Minor. He greatly incourages Ahhiyawan colonization of the area, He also increases trade between the Minoans in the west, the Egyptians to the south, and Assyrians to the west. Ostrelei will also be notable for his succesfull campaigns against the growing Phyrigan state in western Anatolia.

1035 BCE: Saul of the Benjamin Tribe unites the disperse Hebrew tribes into a united Kingdom.

1030 BCE: King Ostrelei "The Fierce" II of Ahhiyawa dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Pelops I(Taking the name from the father of the Original Attarissiya).

1035 BCE: King Saul of The Hebrew Kingdom commits suicide at the battle of Mount Gibola. The Captain of Saul's army Abner, chooses Saul's son Ish-Bosheth as ruler. Ish-Boseth comes to the throne at 40 years old of age.

1005 BCE: King Ish-Boesheth is assasinated by agents of the young David of Bethelehem. David ascends to the throne, keeping his name as the third king of the United Hebrew Kingdom.

c. 1000 BCE: The Sabaeans, a Semitic tribe living in southwestern Arabia, unite and form the Kingdom of Sheba. Approximate time of the legendary visit of the Queen of Sheba to the court of Hebrew King Solomon. The Sabaeans are traders in frankincense and myrrh, precious resins obtained from trees which grow only in southern Arabia and which are greatly prized for use in religious rituals.


992 BCE: King Pelops I of Ahhiyawa dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Pelops II.

965 BCE: King David of the United Hebrew Kingdom dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Solomon I.

965-928 BCE: The Reign of King Solomon: Solomon surrounded himself with all the luxuries and the external grandeur of an Eastern monarch, and his government prospered. He entered into an alliance with Hiram I, king of Tyre, who in many ways greatly assisted him in his numerous undertakings. For some years before his death David was engaged in the active work of collecting materials for building a temple in Jerusalem as a permanent abode for the Ark of the Covenant. For the long space of thirteen years he was engaged in the erection of a royal palace on Ophel. Solomon also constructed great works for the purpose of securing a plentiful supply of water for the city, Millo (Septuagint, "Acra") for the defence of the city, and Tadmor in the wilderness as a commercial depot as well as a military outpost. Extensive traffic was carried on by land with Tyre and Egypt and Arabia, and by sea with Spain and South India and the coasts of Africa. The royal magnificence and splendour of Solomon's court are unrivaled. Solomon was known for his wisdom and proverbs. People came from far and near "to hear the wisdom of Solomon", including queen Makedah of Sheba.

955 BCE: King Pelops II of Ahhiywana dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Tantalus I.

c.a. 950 BCE: As a gift from King Solomon, Hiram I of Tyre recieves the Syrian cities of the north including Damascus. This event prevents an powerful Aramaean Dynasty from ariving there. Hiram, then subdues the kings of Berytos, Byblos and Sidon to mere vassalage. By the end of the year, Hiram is recognized as the first King over the united Phoenicia.

936 BCE: King Hiram I of Phoenicia dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Baal-eser I.

935-911 BCE: Reign of King Ashur-Dan II, who begins to once again rebuild Assyria’s strength.

928 BCE: Death of King Solomon of the United Hebrew Kingdom. Upon his death, Solomon's son Rehoboam is assasinated before he can take the throne. The council of the elders chooses an new king that they can easily control...They choose the son of Solomon and Queen Makedah, Menalik.

928-888 BCE: The Reign of King Menalik: Upon his ascenion to the throne, He quells the rebellious tribes by reducing the levies, and Tax burdens forced upon them by his father. He is a patron of the arts and will continue the building projects of his father. He is also a very zealous leader and will spread the Hebrew faith throughout the Middle east. Menalik is also military Minded and will succeed in his massive build up of the Hebrew army and Navy, as well as conquering Egypt.

c.a. 925 BCE: Sheshonk, an Libyain Mercenary unites the various Libyain tribes together and lead a successful revolt against the oppresive reign of the Leauge of Minos. He quickly storms the island of Posopoli and slaughter's the remaining Leauge members. Sheshonk proclaims himself King of Minoa, which is gladly accepted by the Minoans.

925 BCE: King Menalik marches southward towards the weakend state of Egypt. The Egyptian armies are no match for Menalik's revamped forces as well as the Egyptian Navy. The cities Tanis, Sais, Leontopolis, Herakleopolis, Hermopolis, Thebes, and Memphis are all sacked bringing an end to the New Kingdom in Egypt. The United Hebrew Kingdom now streches from Jeruselum to the Deserts of Sinai to the barrier of the First cataract.

920 BCE: King Tantalus I of Ahhiywana dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Tantalus II. Also in this year, King Sheshonk I of Minoa dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Sheshonk II.

920-880 BCE: Reign of Tantalus II: Tantalus unlike his predecessor's is fully aware of the new world powers emerging around him. He set's up an large Trade network between Minoa, Phoenicia, The United Hebrew Kingdom, and Uratu. He will sponser numerous building projects throughout the kingdom and will reorganize the Ahhiywanan military. The Kingdom of Ahhiywanan will prosper greatly during this time.

919 BCE: King Baal-eser I of Phoenica dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Abadastrato I.

911 BCE: King Ashur-Dan II of Assyria dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Adad-nirari II.

910 BCE: King Abadastrato I of Phoenica diesm he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Abibaal I.

900 BCE: The various city-states and principalities around Lake Van are united to form the Kingdom of Urartu. Urartu, whose population is largely Hurrian in origin (descendants of the people who once formed the powerful kingdom of Mitanni) will be one of the great enemies of Assyria, and sometime ally of Hatti.

900 and Onward BCE: Phoenican Traders establish colonies in North Africa, Spain, and Sardina.

895-890 BCE: Death of King Osorkon of Minoan, the king dies without an legitamate heir plunging the kingdom of Minoa into chaos. Various factions acheive power and fight along eachother for five years untill, Androgeos of Knossoss defeats the rambling power and peace ensues as he takes to the throne. Androgeos is an student of The Leauge of Minos, and has it reinstated in the new capital of Knossoss where he can keep an watchful eye over their activities.

888 BCE: King Menalik I of the United Hebrew Kingdom dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Menalik II

887 BCE: King Abibaal I of Phoenica dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Ithobaal I

884-859 BCE: Reign of King Ashurnasirpal II of Assyria. He fights several wars with , but is unable to defeat it, in large part due to alliances made by the Great Kings of Ahhiywanna (Tantalus II and Agamemnon III) with King Aramu of Urartu (in the Armenian mountains) and Kings Ithobaal of Phoencia.

881 BCE: King Menalik II of the UHK, builds the heavily fortified city of Samaria, and places it as his northen Administration center.

880 BCE: King Tantalus II of Ahhiywana dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Agamenmon III. He will also maintain the great allaince's made by his father and be an extremley popular king.

864 BCE: King Androgeos I of Minoa dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Androgeos II.

860 BCE: Aramu unites the various Hurrian tribes in the Armenian mountains together. He declares himself king, and quickly signs a treaty of allaince with Ahhiywana against Assyria.

859-853 BCE: Reign of King Shalmaneser III of Assyria. He continues his father’s warsagainst Ahhiywana and Urartu.

856 BCE: King Ithobaal I of Phoenica dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Baal-azor II. Upon ascension to the throne, Baal-azor signs a treaty of allaince with the United Hebrew Kingdom against Assyria.

855 BCE: Marduk-zakir-shumi I comes to the throne of Babylon, beginning a new dynasty which will re-unite the country.

853 BCE: Battle of Qarqar. King Baal-azor II of Phoenica and King Menalik II of the UHK, march westward against King Shalmaneser III of Assyria. Shalmaneser is killed and his army is routed.


849-847 BCE: King Androgeos II of Minoa marches westward against the United Hebrew Kingdom and invades the province of Egypt. The Minoan armies mostly plunder the northern Egyptian cities in 849 BCE, but as time goes on sacks the Southern Administration center of Memphis. King Menalik calls upon King Agamenmon III in alliance, and the Ahhiywanan king comes to his aid, and begins besieging the cities of Crete. Androgeos is hard pressed to fighting a two front war, but in 848 BCE at the battle of Tanis succeeds in killing King Menalik II effectivley taking the Hebrews out of the war. Androgoes, is able to concentrate his forces to Crete to repeal the Ahhiywanan seiges there. Neither side is able to much hedaway, however, and a peace treaty is signed late 847 BCE:

848 BCE: King Menalik II dies in battle with the Minoans, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Ish-Boesheth II.


c.a. 845 BCE: King Ish-Boesheth II crushes the Moabite Revolt in the city of Dibon lead by Mesha. In commeration of his victory, Ish-Boesheth creates an stele...which will be an example of Ish-Boesheth's stern rule.

843 BCE: The civil war in Assyria ends and King Shamshi Adad V takes the throne. Shamshi-Adad once again begins building Assyrianstrength. However, Assyria will not be strong enough to attack it’s neighbors for some time, and indeed will be hard-pressed to survive the onslaught of the Kings of Urartu over the next few decades.

842 BCE: King Agamenmon III of Ahhiywana dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Phoenisis(Phoenix) I. The Brilaint young King fully recognizes the threat of Assyria and establish what we be called "The Anti-Assyrian allaince". King Aramu of Urartu, King Baal-azor II of Phoenica, King Ish-Boesheth II of the UHK, King Mita of the Mushki (Midas of Phrygia...Phrygia was apparently ruled by a line of Kings who all were called either Gordias or Midas) are all part of this Grand allaince.

840 BCE: King Aramu of Urartu dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Sardur I. Upon ascending to the throne, Sardur breaks the allaince with Phoenica and Phyriga, while maintaing one with Ahhiywana.

840-800 BCE: Period of Urartian expansion. Under the warrior kings Sardur I, Ishpuinis, and Menuas, the Kingdom of Urartu expands at the expense of Assyria, Phrygia, and Phoenicia. By the end of the period, the Mushki have been pushed back to the Halys River,and both Assyria and Phoenicia are virtual vassals of the Urartian king, paying yearly tributes.

830 BCE: King Baal-azor II of Phoenica dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to throne as Mattan I

829 BCE: King Androgeos II of Minoa dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Sheshonk II.

822 BCE: King Phoenisis I of Ahhiywana dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Attarissiya IV. The new king reorganizes the army, reducing the proportion of chariots in favor of light and medium cavalry (lancers and archers). The new military thus created is quite formidable

821 BCE: King Mattan I of Phoenicia dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Pumayyaton(Pygmalion) I.

818-812 BCE: --King Shamshi Adad V of Assyria wars with Babylon. He defeats King Baba-aha-iddina in battle and pushes all the way south to the Persian Gulf, but Babylon itself is not taken, and Babylonia remains independent.

816 BCE: King Ish-Boesheth II of the United Hebrew Kingdom dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Solomon II.

815 BCE: King Attarissiya IV of Ahhiywana using his newly reorganized army, defeats King Ishpuinis of Urartu, who was besieging the colony of Pelopsis. The advance of Urartu tothe west is halted, and no Ahhiywana territory falls to the Urartians. However, Ahiywana will pay tribute to the King of Urartu in the succeeding years.

c.a. 815 BCE: Carthage is founded by an expedition from the Phoenician Capital of Tyre.

811 BCE: King Shamsi-adad IV of Assyria dies, he is succeeded by his minor son Aadad Nirari. Adad Nirari’s mother, Queen Sammuramat (Semiramis) rules as regent for the first few years of his reign.

809 BCE: King Attarissiya IV of Ahhiywana dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Phoenisis II.

808-783 BCE: Reign of King Adad Nirari III of Assyria. Adad Nirari reaches adulthood in 808 BC and assumes the throne of Assyria. His reign will be filled with warfare, primarily against Urartu. However, he will also war against Phyriga and Phoenicia, as well as conduct campaigns in Babylonia to the south and against the Medes to the east.

805-800 BCE: King Phoenisis II is assasinated by an unkown archanist. Phoenisis dies without an heir ending the House of Attarissiya, leaves the Ahhiywanan Vassal kings for for the throne. The Kingdom falls into civil war for five years, with many former Vassal kings claiming to be the Great King of Ahhiywana. In 801 BCE, Clymenestra of the Aretis subdues the rebellious city-states, killing the old kings. She takes the title of Clymenestra II...The Great Queen of Ahhiywana, starting the Second(Clymnestrian) Dynasty over Ahhiywana.

804 BCE: King Adad Nirari III of Assyria attacks Pumayyton I of Phoenicia. Pumayyton allies himself with King Solomon II, and the Assyrian army is defeated in battle outside the city of Damascus. Adad Nirari retires to Assyria, and will not trouble Syria again for the rest of his reign

800 BCE: King Sheshonk II of Minoa dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Minotaus I.

[MerryPrankster]

Interesting, but I don't see the Biblical Hebrews ever marshalling the manpower to take down Egypt.

Also, where're the Dorians? The Atreid dynasty might have some problems closer to home...

[robertp6165]

Historico, this is one of your better efforts. Good work.

One historical point in which you might be interested...

I notice you are calling "Paris of Troy" by the name of "Pari." There is another possibility, which you might want to consider.

Paris of Troy had another name in Greek legend...Alexandros. In the Hittite records, there is record of a ruler named Alaksandush of Wilusa. Wilusa is generally believed to be the Hittite equivalent of "Illium," another name for Troy from which the title "Illiad" is derived.

So instead of "Pari," which is not a historical name, mayhaps you can call him Alaksandush.

The historical Alaksandush of Wilusa mentioned in the Hittite records was one of the vassal kings whose army served with King Muwatalli of Hatti at the Battle of Kadesh against Pharaoh Rameses II of Egypt. So obviously he was not the "Paris of Troy" of the Illiad. But of course, that there may have been a prince of the Trojan royal house by the same name at the time of the Trojan War is certainly a strong possibility.

Just a suggestion...

[Historico]

Originally Posted by Matt Quinn

Interesting, but I don't see the Biblical Hebrews ever marshalling the manpower to take down Egypt.......

At the time of which the Hebrews invaded Egypt, it was an shell of it's former glorly. In cities such as Sais,Tanis and Memphis many claimed to be Pharaoh for the time. Also during Solomon's reign the Hebrew army and navy were expanded and that Military would have been able to take a weakned egypt(The Libyan's did it OTL)

Originally Posted by Matt Quinn

lso, where're the Dorians? The Atreid dynasty might have some problems closer to home...

The Dorians migrated eastward, and helped attack the Hittite Empire.

[Historico]

Here is my first map

[Historico]

THE AHHIYWAN EMPIRE: Part Two, Assyria


1375 and onward BCE: The Kingdom of Alashiya of Cyprus falls to of The Great Plauge that raveged the island earlier on in the century, earthquakes and invasions of Lukkian bands caused the colapse. However, These Neo-Alashite Feudal Kingdoms will continue to prosper in the oil, wood, ivory, ebony and gold trade under Ahhiywanan Vassalge. They will also begin colonizing heavily in Palestine.

c.a. 800 BCE: The Etruscans arrive in Italy. Also at about this time, the Greek version of the Phoenician alphabet is first used, and the earliest iron age societies...proto-Celtic peoples...develop in Germany and Austria.


800-770 BCE: Reign of Clymenstra II: The Great Queen of Ahhiywana will spend of her reign coviencing the Ahhiywanan people of her place as rightful ruler. Many of the vassal kings over the Ahhiywanan cities see her not fight to wear the Ahhiywanan crown, but is in no means able to oppose it. She will be most most memrable for her large expedition to the Black Sea. She is also an very stern and Agressive ruler and will lead many campaigns into Anatolia. One of her final acts as Queen, will be to build an Massive Mausoleum dedicated to her at her home island of Aretis. The Mausoleam will be the envy of many Archietects fror many years to come, it being based on Minoan, Egyptian, and Babylonian designs.

795 BCE: King Pumayyaton I of Phoenicia crushes an revolt made by several Aramaean citites led by Ben Hadad of Damascus. Ben Hadad and his family are brutally killed showing the Phoenican Kingdom of Pumyyaton stern rule.

794-790 BCE: Queen Clymnestra sends out her fleet northwestward to the Black sea. During the lenghty voayge The Ahhiywanan army encounter various Coalchin tribes and easily subdues them Annexing them into Ahhiywanan Kingdom. The army returns around 790 BCE, with chests filled with gold, and silver from the mines of the city of Albye. This fabolus wealth will greatly strengthen the Ahhiywanan coffers and the Clymnestrian dynasty.

789-787 BCE: Queen Clymnestra invades the Kingdom of the Mushki(Phyriga). Using the newley adopted siege Technology(Battering rams, Seige Towers) and succeessfully sacks the cities of Midas, Akroana, and Pessinus. King Migdon of Phyriga requests aid from the neighboring kingdom of Uratu. Together Migdon and King Menaus are able to lift the sieges of the Mushki cities and drive the Ahhiywanan's back to the Ionian coast. The Kingdoms in Asia Minor stay in an Uneasy peace for many years.

785 BCE: King Menaus I of Uratu dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Argshitis I. Argishtis is even more expansionist than his predecessors, and generally makes life miserable for his neighbors with incessant warfare.

780 BCE: King Pumayyaton I of Phoenica and King Adad-Nirari III of Assyria both recognize the threat posed by the Uratian Kingdom conclude an treaty of allaince against Uratu. When Adad Nirari III dies a few years later, Pumyyaton will renew the agreement with the new king, Shalmaneser IV, and then again with Shalmaneser’s successor, Ashur Dan III.

780-768 BCE: King Pummayaton I of Phoenicia and Kings Adad Nirari III, Shalmaneser IV, and Ashur Dan III wage war against Urartu. The combined armies of Assyria and Phoenicia are too powerful for the Urartians to resist, and the armies of Urartu are gradually beaten back and many of their fortress cities are taken by siege. However, the Urartian capital of Tushpa is not taken, and a treaty is finally signed in 768 BC which ends the war. The power of Urartu is effectively broken, and although it will continue as a player in middle eastern politics and warfare for over a century more, it will never again threaten Phoenicia or Assyria as it did previously. Phoenicia expands northward, and takes back the old Hittite homeland in the bend of the Halys River (which the Urartians had taken from the Phrygians in the previous century).


783 BCE: King Adad-Nirari III of Assyria dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Shalmaneser IV.

779 BCE: King Solomon II of the United Hebrew Kingdom dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Samson I

776 BCE: The Phthiotic Games are held in Phthiotis, Ahhiywana.

774 BCE: King Pumayyaton "The Mighty" of Phoenicia dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Ithobaal II.

773 BCE: King Shalmaneser IV of Assyria dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Ahshur-Dan III. Also in this year King Samson I of the UHK orders an massive militarazation of the Hebrew forces. Nieghboring Arabic tribesman are draftred into the army... increasing it's size dramatically. He will also order an build up of the Hebrew Navy at Ezio-Geber to police the waters of the Red Sea.

771 BCE: King Minotaus I of Minoa, dies he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Minotaus II. Minotaus will be an highly agressive king and will start many unecessary wars with Ahhiywana and the United Hebrew Kingdom.

770 BCE: Queen Clymnestra II "The Wise" of Ahhiywana dies, she is succeeded by her son who takes to the throne as Alaksandush I(Alexandros). Alaksandush will continue his mother's policies and will inherit the powerful Military of Ahhiywana.

770-768 BCE: King Minotaus II of Minoa invades the Hebrew proveince of Egypt. Minotaus succeessfully lays seige and actually sacks the northen Egyptian Cities. Samson with his revamped Hebrew military swiflty lifts the seiges and pushes the Minoans back into the Libyan Desert about 768 BCE:

769-767 BCE: For many years the realm on Punt has been reduced to an middle man power between those in the north and to the west. King Perehu makes an treaty of allaince with King Ze Sabado III of Sheba against the growing Kingdom of Kush. Perehu leads his force northward, and Ze Sabado invades through it's western shores. Most of the nubians citiy states are quickly sacked, as King Kashta asks for aid from Samson I of the Hebrews, but non is recieved. The capital of Napata is razed to the ground, and King Kashta and his family are slaughterd. Perehu builds his new capital on the grounds near Napata, the Great city of Eti as he takes all of Nubia, and the Sabeans receive little in return.

768-760 BCE: The Minoan War: King Minotaus II of Minoa quickly bounces back from his Invasion of Egypt. The Minoan fleet sets sail from Crete towards Ahhiywana. The Minoan forces quickly lay seige to the cities of the pelopnessuss without much effort. Alaksandush will campaining in the Coalchis proveince doesn't comes back to mainland Ahhiywana until a year later. The Minoan seiges are easily lifted and the Minoans are pushed back to Crete. However, in 766 BCE, Minotaus makes an Treaty of Allaince with King Gordias of Phryiga against the Ahhiywanan cities. In Response, King Alaksandush calls for aid from King Ithobaal II against the Minoan allaince. Heavy fighting goes on in Anatolia for the next five years, The Phoenician Army succeeds in killing Gordias outside of the city walls of Midas in 761 BCE, effectivly taking the Mushki out of the war. King Alaksandush I proposes an blockade of Crete, cutting off the main armies need for supplies and more men. The Blockade goes on for more than a year, and with his army depleted King Minotaus signs an peace treaty between Ahhiywana and Phoenicia. King Minotaus will not cause any more problems for the rest of his reign.



765-745 BCE:Assyria, despite it’s participation in the victory over Urartu a few
years earlier, falls into a period of decline as local rebellions and plague ravage the
kingdom.

763 BCE: King Argshtis I of Uratu dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Sardur II

760 BCE: King Samson I of the Hebrews completes the consruction of an Second Temple in the Egyptian city of Sais. The Building itself is magnificent, largley resembling the Ancient Tombs of the Pharaoh's of the Old Kingdom. This triggers an massive wave of Yawehisim in Egypt bringing many of the Egyptain natives closer to it's ties with Jeresuleam.

756 BCE: King Samson I of the Hebrews dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as David II.


755 BCE: King Ashur Dan III of Assyria dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Ashur-Nirari V.

753 BCE: The City of Rome is founded in the territory of Lavitum by Romulus and Remus.

752 BCE: King Alaksandush I of Ahhiywana dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Alaksandush II. Alaksandush II will be an Military Genius implementing many changes to the Ahhiywanan army, allowing the kingdom to survive the future years ahead.


750 BCE: King Alaksandush II of Ahhiywana devises the Leo Phalanx. Alaksandush keeps the thick armour of the Ahhiywanan's but changes it into a Phalanx. These Leo's will have stronger, lighter armor, and will fight in close series of rows.

745 BCE: Military coup in Assyria. King Ashur Nirari V is overthrown, and an army general takes the throne as King Tiglath Pileser III. Tiglath Pileser will abandon the alliance with Phoenicia, and will resume Assyria’s aggressively expansionist policies, leading to virtually continuous warfare throughout his reign. Also in this year, King Minotaus II of Minoa dies, he is succeeded by his cousin who takes to the throne Orestron II.

743 BCE: Elam has been in a disunified state since the defeat inflicted upon it by King Nebuchadnezzar I of Babylon over 300 years ago. In this year, a new dynasty comes to power at Susa which will re-unify the country. King Khumbanigash I takes the throne as the first king of a united Elam, which will become a major power in the succeeding

743-741 BCE: Phoenicia vs. Assyria. Assyria invades Phoenician and tries to sieze the cities of Haran and Carchemish. The cities strongly resist, and Tiglath Pileser becomes involved in a protracted siege at both cities. King Ithobaal II of Phoenicia makes an alliance with King Sardur II of Urartu against Assyria. The allies meet Tiglath Pileser’s army in battle outside of Carchemish in 742 BC. The Assyrians are victorious, but at huge cost, and have to abandon their sieges and return to Assyria. The following year, King Ithobaal leads the allied forces into Assyria, where they meet Tiglath Pileser again in battle, this time outside the city of Ashur. The Assyrians this time meet defeat, and Tiglath Pileser sues for peace. A treaty is agreed upon later that year. Urartu and Phoenicia both take some minor territory from Assyria. King Tiglath Pileser III plots revenge.

742 BCE: King David II of the Hebrews falls into Idolatry and is assainated. He is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Menalik III, Menalik is an extremley weak King causing many of his court officials plotting Rebellion.

740 BCE: King Ithobaal II of Phoenicia dies he is succeeded by his sons who takes to the throne as Hiram II.

c.a. 740 BCE: King Perehu of Punt dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Wesh-Bes I. Wesh-Bes is an Highly agressive King, and declares that it is time to free their Egyptian cousins from the 'Tyrantical' hands of the Hebrews. He leads his army northward, and easily pushes back Menalik's forces conquering the cities of Tanis, Sais, Leontopolis,
Herakleopolis, Hermopolis, and Memphis. Finally in the Great battle of Thebes, Menalik himself is killed and the Hebrews retreat back to Isreal. Within a few years he receives oaths of loyalty from the various rival kings of Egypt, declaring his rule as Pharoah. Under his dynasty, the 25th (Puntite) Dynasty, United Kingdoms of Punt, Kush and Egypt will begin to take an active role in the affairs of the middle east once more.

740-738 BCE: Since c. 850 BCE, the Medes, a group of Indo-Iranian tribes, have been settling in the region east of the Zagros Mountains, and their power has been growing, especially since they have often allied themselves with Urartu. However, they have never managed to unite, and the Assyrians have been able to keep these fierce tribesmen in check. Beginning with Shalmaneser II in 836 BCE, Assyrian kings have campaigned against them. King Tiglath Pileser III continues this tradition, campaigning against the Medes from 740-738 BCE. He is unable to conquer them, but devastates their country and carries away much booty. Median power is greatly reduced.

739 BCE: King Menalik III of the Hebrews is killed in battle with the Puntites. He is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Saul II. Also in this year, King Sardur II of Uratu breaks his alliance with Phoenicia Border warfare between the two kingdoms begins which will continue on for some time. Tiglath Pileser III of Assyria, of course, will take advantage of this.

738 BCE: King Mita (Midas) III comes to the throne of Phrygia. He will war against Phoenicia in an unsuccessful attempt to regain the former Phrygian lands east of the Halys River. Mita will also be known for his fabulous wealth, giving rise to the legend of “Midas of the Golden Touch.”

735 BCE: Tiglath Pileser III of Assyria invades Urartu. No territory is annexed by Assyria...this was more of a raid than an actual war of conquest. His armies carry away a lot of booty, however, and Urartu is weakened.


734-728 BCE: King Hiram II and his predescessor's have been eyeing one city for several years...Babylon. King Hiram and his army travel westward from Tyre to the rich city setting up several settlements and Towns creating the Road of Hiram. Hiram hires Sabean Archeitects from Marib to the city of Astartis(Midway point between Tyre and Babylon) to create an massive Dam, creating an lush fertile Region in which many Phoenican claim as home. After the building of Astartis...The refreshed army moves westward again, this time under the reign of Luli I and kills, the Chaldean cheiftan/King of Babylon Ukin-zer and his Assyrian allies. King Luli declares himself King of Babylon, the first Phoenican monarch to do so.


729 BCE: King Hiram II of Phoenicia dies, he is succeeded by his son o takes to the throne as Mattan II. Mattan proves to be an very weak king, and is upsured by Luli I, the son of Hiram most trusted advisors.


c.a. 728 BCE: The varous Median tribes are united the first time by King Deioces.

726 BCE: King Tiglath Pileser III of Assyria dies, and is succeeded by his son,
Shalmaneser V.

c.a. 725 BCE: The Cimmerians, a nomadic Indo-Iranian people living in the region north of
the Black and Caspian Seas, are defeated by the Scythians and forced out of their homeland. The Cimmerians had been using war chariots, but quickly adopted Scythian light cavalry tactics after being defeated by said people. Some of them settle in the Crimea (giving that peninsula their name), but most will flee south through the Caucasus Mountains into Anatolia and Mesopotamia, where they will cause great destruction.

723 BCE: King Alaksandush II of Ahhiywana dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Menelaus I.

722-721 BCE: King Shalmaneser V of Assyria is assassinated in 722 BC, and civil war breaks out in Assyria. The final victor, Shalmaneser’s younger brother, will take the throne as King Sargon II in 721 BC.

721 BCE: King Orestron II of Minoa dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Androgeos III. Also in this year. King Luli I makes an Treaty of alliance Khumbanigash I of Elam against Assyria.

720 BCE: The Cimmerians burst out of the Caucasus and invade the Kingdom of Urartu. King Rusas I attempts a pre-emptive attack, but is defeated. Urartu is looted as far south as Lake Urmia, but their fortified cities are not taken by the nomads, and the kingdom survives (albeit severely weakened). This proves to be a temporary incursion by the Cimmerians. Also in this year, King Menelaus is eager to see his father's Leo Phalanx in action joins the Anti-Assyrian Alliance.

720-710 BCE: The alliance of Babylon, Elam, and Ahhiywana declare war on Assyria in 720 BCE. In a series of grinding campaigns which will consume the next decade, the three powers destroy Assyrian power forever. The great cities of Assyria are taken, one by one, and sacked, and the Assyrian armies are defeated. The Babylonian and Elamite armies are amazed by the sheer force, and power of the Leo Phalanx as the storm through the Assyrian Kingdom The final straw comes when King Rusas I of Urartu joins the anti-Assyrian alliance. King Sargon II is killed in battle outside Nineveh in 712 BC. His son, Sennacherib, is unable to recover the situation, and is himself killed when Nineveh itself falls to siege in 710 BC. Assyria disappears from the map as an independent state. The victorious allies divide the land between them. King Luli takes the biggest slice with taking the region west of the Harbur River to the junction of the Upper Zab and Tigris Rivers (including the cities of Nuzi and Ashur). King Argishtis II of Urartu (who had succeeded his father, Rusas I, in 714 BC) takes the territory west of the Habur River and north of the junction of the Upper Zab and Tigris Rivers, including the cities of Nineveh, Calah, and Sargon’s capital at Dur Sharrukin. King Shutruk-Nahhunte II of Elam (who had succeeded his father, Khumbanigash I, in 717 BC) and King Menelaus I are pretty much left out in the cold, and this, along with the disputed nature of the border between Phoenica and Urartu (who have no obvious natural boundary between them, will lead to much warfare in the succeeding decades.

717 BCE: King Khumbanigash I of Elam dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as King Shutruk-Nahhunte II.

716 BCE: King Saul II of the Hebrews dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as King Samson II. Samson will be what we call in OTL an Lazziez-faire Ruler, and leave the United Hebrew kingdom in a Deep state of Depression.

714 BCE: King Rusas I of Uratu dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Argishtis II.

712 BCE: Pharaoh Wesh-Bes I of Punt dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Perehu II. Perehu will, shortly after assuming the throne, attack the last remaining native Egyptian as well as Hebrew stronghold, the city-state of Sais, which is ruled by Pharaoh Bocchoris of the 24th Dynasty. The city falls, and Bocchoris is slain. But some of his family survive, and will eventually return to throne of Egypt as the 26th Dynasty.

709-705 BCE: Phoenicia vs. Elam. War erupts as King Shutruk-Nahhunte II tries to make good his claim to some of the spoils from the recent war with Assyria. The war is inconclusive.

705-702 BCE: Pharaoh Perehu II of Punt, flush with his victory over Sais, decides to expand his empire into Asia. In the year of 705 BCE, Perehu invades palestine. King Samson II of the Hebrew calls on King Luli I for aid. King Luli responds by leading an army southward against the Puntites. The two forces meet in the Valley of Jezreel, near the town of Meggido. A bloody battle is fought in which the forces of Phoenicia and the Hebrews emerge victorious. However, King Samson is killed in the battle and the tribes fall into civil war. King Luli decides to expand his kingdom and lays siege on the cities of Samaria and Jerusealum lasting two years. However the cities do fall, and King Luli declares himself king of the Hebrews.

701 BCE: King Luli I of Phoenicia in a massive celebration in Tyre recognizes the sheer growth and power of the former disparte Phoenican City-states to now rulling soundly over the Aramaens, Babylonians, Assyrians, and the Hebrews. Luli is recognized by his many other Vassal rulers as the First Great King over the Phoenician Empire.

700 BCE: King Menelaus I of Ahhiywana dies, he is succeeded by his son who takes to the throne as Thyestes I.

[Historico]

I'm having an hard time about getting my map on the thread for my latest installment. Any ideas?

[Othniel]

I'm going to ask, which nations did Solomon have political alliences through marriage with? Turns out in the OTL there were quite a few, including Sidon and Egypt. So care to explain which wife his heir comes from? By that you may detrime which countries are going to be more closely allied with him. I mean you aren't going to attack your grandkids if the guy dies an early death...

[Historico]

Originally Posted by Othniel

I'm going to ask, which nations did Solomon have political alliences through marriage with? ...

Solomon had several: Tyre, Egypt, Taresstoss in Spain, South India, and lands further south than Punt.

Originally Posted by Othniel

Turns out in the OTL there were quite a few, including Sidon and Egypt. So care to explain which wife his heir comes from?

Menalik I, comes from the Political and Physical union between Queen Makedah of Sheba(South Arabia)

Originally Posted by Othniel

By that you may detrime which countries are going to be more closely allied with him. I mean you aren't going to attack your grandkids if the guy dies an early death

Most of Solomon's allainces did stay strong in the succeession of Kings over an united Kingdom of the Hebrews. While Other's just fell apart after his death.

Annyone else have any questions?

[Historico]

Im gonna rewrite the latest installment, and extend it back a hundred years.

[JHPier]

Originally Posted by Historico

...
1210-1200 BCE: The Peleset, Shekelesh, Denyen, Weshesh, Lukka, Sherden, and The Teresh a.k.a., The Sea Peoples lay seige against the Medeterrainen. ...

...c.a. 1200 BCE: The Doric tribes north of Greece move westward and join the Phyrigan and Kaska tribesman besiging the Hittite Empire.

From what I've read the Peleset are supposed to have been Achaeans who were fleeing the chaos back home, while the Shekelesh, Sherden and Teresh were the people of respectively Sicily, Sardinia and mainland Italy.
Where do they all come from if Greece/Italy remain stable?

Apparently the modern view is that the Dorians came in after 1100 BC, basically picking up the pieces once Mycenae had gone under, rather than being the villains in the piece.

How do Mycanaean seafarers get to the land of Punt without the Suezcanal?

[Historico]

Originally Posted by JHPier

From what I've read the Peleset are supposed to have been Achaeans who were fleeing the chaos back home, while the Shekelesh, Sherden and Teresh were the people of respectively Sicily, Sardinia and mainland Italy.

Where do they all come from if Greece/Italy remain stable?

Italy is not as Stable as it seems, although there are several Minoan Colonies spread about the Medeterranien, most of them have absorbed their Respective Island Culture.

Originally Posted by JHPier

Apparently the modern view is that the Dorians came in after 1100 BC, basically picking up the pieces once Mycenae had gone under, rather than being the villains in the piece.

Interesting, I'm gonna check in on that.

Originally Posted by JHPier

How do Mycanaean seafarers get to the land of Punt without the Suezcanal.

Extensive Land Routes on the down through the nile, Cross land to get the Red Sea to travel to Punt. By the end of my last installment, since Punt Dominates the Upper East African Coast, It shouldn't be impossible to contact them.