XXth C: Timeline

[Glen]

The Twentieth Century: 100 years of change.

1901-1910:
1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910

1911-1920:
1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920

1921-1930:
1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930

1931-1940:
1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940

1941-1950:
1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950

1951-1960:
1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960

1961-1970:
1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970

1971-1980:
1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

1981-1990:
1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990

1991-2000:
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000


XXth C: Discussion Thread

Related Threads:Timeline thread.

XXth Century Wiki Page

[Glen]

1901 -

1901 - AB, a patient who suddenly thought his relatives and friends had been replaced by imposters, is referred to Sigmund Freud. He applies his psychoanalytic theories to the case. He is intrigued by the case and asks his medical colleagues to refer more of them to him. He names the phenomenon 'Imposture Delusion'.

1901 - The Main Line Elevated opens in Boston, Massachusetts, as part of it's growing public transportation network.

1901 After a chance encounter with an American involved with the Pan-American Exposition travelling through Europe, Ferdinand Porsche is persuaded to showcases his hybrid vehicle at the Pan-American Exposition. There, he meets Henry Ford, and the two becomes friends.

January 1901 Heinrick von Mecklenburg-Schwerin during a drunken binge falls down a flight of stairs, breaks his neck and dies.

February 2, 1901 Dr. Ernest Duchesne is in a carriage accident, suffering multiple fractures. He recovers but is left lame, being discharged from the French Army. He returns to civilian practice of medicine, and out of boredom begins to revisit his work on the antibiotic properties of molds. He marries Rosa Lassalas.

March 1901: Struggling writter Thomas Dixon begins to plan trilogy focusing on the ante-bellum south, entitled 'Birth of a Nation' with the first book entitled 'The Leopard's Spots. Having trouble completing it himself, he asks his close friend and former classmate Princeton president Woodrow Wilson for assistance in both writing and researching the novel.

March 3, 1901 General Frederick Funston dies of a bout of Malaria.

March 6th, 1901 An assassin kills Kaiser Wilhelm II in Bremen.

April 1901: General James Franklin Bell takes over as military commander in the Philippines. General Arthur MacArthur serves as military governor and William Howard Taft serves as civilian governor.

July 24, 1901 - A daughter is born to the Archduke Franz Ferdinand, named Sophie. The morganatic status of his marriage means she is not entitled to the title Archduchess.

August 8th 1901-, Santos-Dumont flew his powered dirigible around the Eiffel Tower a 2nd time but sprang a leak and caught suspension wires in his propeller blades, fouling them and then puncturing the dirigible, leading him to crash to his death.

August 28 1901- Shah Mozzafar al-Din grants English industrialist William Knox D'Arcy 40 year cession to search Persia for oil except the 5 Northern most provinces bordering Russia.

September 1901 Kaiser Wilhelm III of the German Empire is married to Queen Wilhelmina I of the Netherlands.

September 6, 1901: American anarchist Leon Czolgosz shoots and wounds US President William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.

October 1901 Konstantin Tsiolkovsky's groundbreaking rocketry article "The Investigation of Outer Space by Means of Reaction Apparatus," is published in Science Survey.

1901 Nov 3 A baby girl named Victoria is born to the Royal Family of Belgium.

December 1901: George Cabot-Lodge buys shares in the Boston ports, continuing the families history of sucessful bussiness.

[Glen]

1902 -

1902- Two more cases of 'Imposture Delusion' comes to the attention of Dr. Sigmund Freud. In the meantime, the first patient with the delusion seen by him dies, and at autopsy it is found that he has a discrete brain lesion. By happenstance, the last case referred to him dies of pneumonia by the end of the year, and is found to have a lesion in a similar location. This leads Freud back to his roots as a neurologist and he begins to examine more of his patients for organic causes for their ailments.

1902: Taft begins a series of public work projects designed to help the Filipino people. They are poorly organize, and constantly sabotaged. Aguinaldo begins to fight a guerilla war against the American troops. Bell begins a scorched-earth campaign.

1902 Leonard Wood is assigned a post in Puerto Rico as Millitary Governor. He does generally well in improving the sanitation infrastructure of the island.

Febuary 1902: Franklin Gatling, a real-estate broker buys out 2,000 acres in northern Texas that he suspects might contain oil.

1902 Feb 22 A fistfight broke out in the Senate. Senator Benjamin Tillman suffered a bloody nose for accusing Senator John McLaurin of Cowardness for suggesting a US withdrawal from the Philippines.

March 2 1902- Using his own money to finance the expedition, William D'Arcy Travels to Persia to begin his search for oil.

April 1902: "The Leopard's Spots" recieves poor critical reviews, and sells fewer then 10,000 copies. Dixon quits writing, and pursues a Ph.D in English. Wilson eventually secures him a spot in the Princeton faculty.

3rd April 1902 Three days before the elections for Senatorship of Var, Clemenceau is allegedly involved in sordid and indecent acts with a female secretary at Le Bloc, the newspaper he founded. Whilst no proof is ever brought forwards, the resulting scandal leads to him losing the election. He believes that the rumour was started by his opponent, and so challenges him to a duel. Despite being considerably younger and fitter than Clemenceau, the man refuses. Days later, he is found dead in a back alley in Paris. Georges is arrested, and taken to court. The trial leads to his aquittal, but he has lost a large amount of popular support. He attempts to return to Le Bloc, only to find he is no longer welcome there. He returns to his first paper, La Justice, and begins to build up a strong base of support with the French Communists.

Summer 1902 A visiting Russian socialist is introduced at a party to H.G. Wells. Having heard of Well's book, "The First Men On The Moon," he mentions to him the article by Tsiolkovsky in Science Survey on rocketry. He agrees to send Wells an English version of the article. Taken with the article, H.G. Wells begins corresponding with Tsiolkovsky.

June 1902: Several prominent Populist politicians see that they have little chance for re-election to congress. Many of them take up local positions as judges, mayors, or Lieutenant-Governors. Some Senators choose to run for the House, wishing to retain some Washington prestige.

June 12, 1902 The Senate passes legislation for a canal through Nicaragua by a narrow majority. While the Nicaragua route had been popular for years, the legislation was almost derailed by a strong lobbying effort for a Colombian canal.

August 1902: Oil is found on Franklin Gatling land, overnight turning him into a very rich man. He is a clever investor, and quickly estabolishes a strong foothold in the oil industry.

August 11th 1902- William Day named to the Supreme Court by President McKinley.

September 1902: William Randolf Hearst, former advocate of the Spanish- America war begins to present a more balanced view of the Phillippine wars in his papers.

September 5-1902
The tension crackled down the picket line. The strikers clumped in front of the entrance to a Pennsylvania coal mine. The men were marching in front of an ornate manor house, the home of a mine operator. Between the yelling crowd and the mine stood a thin line of Pinkertons, in gray overcoats. The protesters grew more and more violent, rubbish flew through the air toward the Pinkertons. Then one brick smashed into a Pinkerton. The man crumpled like a rag doll. Before he hit the ground, the Pinkerton commander gave a hoarse shout. The security officer's rifles came to their shoulders. Then the shooting started. Pundits and historians devated who opened fire first, but one fact is clear. At the end of the day thirty strikers where dead, and several hundred wounded, Five pinkertons were killed, and two dozen more wounded.

September 12th 1902- In response to the coal massacre, Progressive Republicans and some Democrats try to pass legislation that limits the armaments allowed by business security. The resolution fails to gain a majority in either House mostly for constitutional reasons, claiming that it violates the right to bear arms. Also many old guard Republicans actually sympathise with the coal plutocrats.

September 27, 1902 - Twin sons are born to the Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Maximilian and Frederick. Neither of them are entitled to the title Archduke either.

October 1902 Colonial Secretary Joseph Chamberlain postpones his trip to South Africa upon learning of Exchequer Secretary Ritchie's plans to campaign against the tariff.

November 1902: The Republicans maintain their firm hold on both the House and Senate. With most Populists switching back to the Democratic Party, the Democrats do gain a few more direct votes.

November 1902: Former Secretary of the Interior and Senator Henry Tellor is elected into the House of Representatives for Colorado.

December 7, 1902 Kaiser Wilhelm III and Queen Wilhelmina I have a son, Wilhelm Frederick.

[Glen]

1903 -

1903 Russian and British space enthusiasts who have become aware of each other through contacts between H.G. Wells and Konstantin Tsiolkovsky begin the International Rocketry Society.

1903 The Ford Motor Company is founded. Henry Ford hires Porsche as one of his top designers.

1903 Dr. Ernest Duchesne, desperate to help his consumptive wife, gives her an injection of Penicillium extract that he has been building up in his research. While the extract does not cure the Tuberculosis, it does relieve the secondary infection that is killing her. The initial results along with his lab work are presented in Paris, sparking a great deal of interest in mold produced antibiotics.

1903 - Bomber Harry Orchard dies in an explosion while trying to plant a bomb at the Vindicator Mine in Colorado.

1903: MacArthur puts several of Taft’s programs under military control. Operations begin to run smoothly. MacArthur wins the respect of both Taft and to a certain extent the Filipino people. Revolts die down in northern Luzon where the American presence is concentrated.

January 1903-Zola publishes "La Verite", 3rd of his "Quatre Evangiles".

January 1st 1903
Clyde J. Coleman becomes the first automotive fatality of the new year when a Electric Taxi accidentally runs him over while he is celebrating the New Year.

January 3rd 1903- Cadet William Frederick Halsey, Jr is expelled from the Naval Academy for poor academic performance. His father Capt William Hasley,Sr is so ashamed and embarrassed by his son that he disowns him. He heads to The New York waterfront to find work as seaman.

March 2nd 1903- William Moody, nominated by Mckinley, sworn into the Supreme Court.

March 31 1903 Richard Pearse flies a heavier-than-air machine in powered flight near Pleasant Point, South Canterbury, New Zealand. This is witnessed by Farmers and a reporter for the local Paper, who reports that the flight was stoped by tangling in the top of a near by hedge.

April 1903- With the arrival of Nap Lajoie from the rival National League to Cleveland the team was nicknamed the Napoleons in honor of their new superstar.

April 1903- Cy Young jumps to the new Continental League and joins the Boston Blue Socks.

April 1st, 1903-The Continental League begins its first season as a "major" baseball league. It soon emerges as a legitimate rival to the National League. Teams during its first season are the Chicago White Socks, Boston Blue Socks, Detroit Tigers, Philadelphia Athletic, Washington Senators, Cleveland Napoleons, St. Louis Browns, and Toronto Blue Jays.

April 23rd 1903- Chancellor of the Exchequer presents a budget to House of Commons that included a new corn tax levied against non Imperial grain. The Chancellor, on his speech, surprised many stating he personally was against this budget and plea the members of the House of Commons to reject it. Budget is rejected.

April 27th 1903- C.T. Ritchie, Chancellor of the Exchequer, dismissed by Prime Minister Balfour. Still the damage was done.

May 28th 1903- Herbert Asquith named Chancellor of the Exchequer.

June 1903: Aguinaldo travels to the southern islands, where he leads a very widespread resistance far from Manila. He gains almost total political control over the islands.

June 1903 Georges Clemenceau undertakes the direction of the journal L'Aurore, which he founded. In it he leads the campaign for the revision of the Dreyfus affair, and for the separation of Church and State. Though this pleases the Communists, it isolates him from the other voters, and his attempts to gain power do not come to fruition.

June 11, 1903 King Aleksandar of Serbia survives assassination; his wife does not however. He later remarries a German princess.

July 2, 1903 - Alexander Edward Christian Fredrik, son of Prince Carl of Denmark is born stillborn.

August 1903 When talks over right of passage through the San Juan River for access to the proposed Nicaragua canal fail, Nicaragua and Costa Rica go to war.

August 3, 1903 Cardinal Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro is elected Pope Leo XIVth, over the veto of Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria-Hungary.

September 1903: Bell heads south, and brutally puts down much of Aguinaldo’s rebellions. He forces civilians into hamlets and captures and tortures thousands of civilians. He destroys much of the most fertile farmland in the region. The Americans loose popularity especially outside of Luzon, but Aguinaldo is forced into more isolated regions.

September 1st 1903- Asquith presents a similar budget to the one presented in April.

October 1903: Hearst runs a very critical editorial of Bell, which focuses American attention of possible war crimes in the war.

October 2 1903- D'Arcy expedition hires Bakhtiar tribesmen to protect them for other rivals on the promise of a percentage of the profits from oil.

October 9th 1903- Budget crisis created by new budget, Prime Minister Balfour resigns and Parliament was dissolved.

December 2, 1903 - The Tsarina of Russia gives birth to the couple's first baby boy, whom they name Alexei Nikolaevich (he does not have hemophilia).

December 3, 1903 Costa Rica and Nicaragua sign a peace agreement ceding the San Juan River and the land ten miles south of it to Nicaragua.

[Glen]

1904 -

1904 The US Patent office reaffirms the patent of Tesla on the invention of the radio. Marconi gives up the fight in the US.

1904 - The East Boston Tunnel Project is completed, creating a tunnel underneath Boston Harbor and connecting East Boston to the transportation network.

1904 - After reading stories on the International Rocketry Society in the papers, Robert Goddard summons up the courage to write to his childhood inspiration, Herbert G. Wells, about his interest in rocketry. Mr. Wells writes back and they begin a correspondence.

1904 Jack London and Upton Sinclair, recent author of a book on the coal mining industry called 'The Cave' tours the country, agitating for socialism.

1904 Republican National Convention, Chicago: Old Guard Republicans and party machines fear Roosevelt, who receives 432 votes on the first ballot, not quite a majority and a long shot from 2/3. The other votes are spread around thin among severall favorite sons. Many conservative Republicans back Mark Hanna, mastermind of the previous administration, or Charles Fairbanks, a pro-trust former corprate lawyer. As it becomes clear that Roosevelt doesn't have enough support, Hanna gains power. By the 7th ballot it becomes clear that Hanna doesn't have quite enough rural or progressive support, though Fairbanks seems like a fair option. By the 16th ballot and the second day the two are neck and neck, with Roosevelt far behind. Desperate for another solution, moderate Republicans wire Admiral Dewey, who had considered running in 1900, to offer his candidacy. Roosevelt drops out and supports Dewey. The admiral agrees, and quickly Fairbanks loses some of his support. Hanna, seeing that his chances are gone, leaves the race and encourages his supporters to vote for Fairbanks. Dewey is too mysterious a figure for the estabolished Republicans, who start working against him on the sidelines. Dewey recieves 539 votes at his highest point, but does not have the support for a full 2/3. Elihu Root, popular McKinley confidante and sucessful Secretary of War emerges as a compromise candidate, and wins a 2/3 majority by the 32nd ballot. Fairbanks is chosen as VP to balance the ticket.

1904 A son is born to Prince Carl of Sweden and his wife.

January 1904 After the failure of Russia to keep its promise to withdraw troops from Manchuria by 1903, the Japanese launch the Russo-Japanese War.

January 3rd 1904 - Angry crowds in the the Costa Rican capital of San Jose force the resignation of Presidnet Ascension Equivel Ibarra, and the government passes a bill calling for immediate elections. The winner is Jose Joaquin Granados, a nationalist.

January 7th 1904- General election gives victory to the Liberal Party, that stands united in regard to Tariff Reforms. Herbert Asquith named Prime Minister. Joseph Chamberlain accepts a post in the new cabinet, Colonial Secretary, to help to move along his dreams of Federation.

January 7th 1904- After consultations with his advisors, Lord Curzon decides not to implement his proposed division of Bengal province, calming the protests of diverse groups within the region when the proposal leaked prematurely.

January 12, 1904 Admiral Togo leads the Japanese battlefleet to Port Arthur, where it executes a close-range attack against the unready Russian fleet. The first half-hour is the most ruinous yet for the Russian Navy. Fearing a torpedo attack on his own ships, Togo turns away from the battle with minimal losses and orders a torpedo attack to be carried out by his destroyers. After they are done, the First Pacific Squadron is no longer a viable fighting force.

Feb 15, 1904 Mark Hanna continues to campaign for the upcoming election (not infected by Typhoid fever).

March 17, 1904 - Construction begins on an underground tunnel to connect North Union Station and South Union Station in Boston, Massachusetts. Despite several cost overruns, the project is eventually completed. One consequence of this is that the Grand Junction trackage begins to be less and less used.

March 18th 1904- A new Corn Tax is approved by the House of Commons but barely in the House of Lords.

March 19th 1904- President McKinley negotiates an agreement were the Dominican government bought out the holdings of the Santo Domingo Improvement Company, a private US venture that was in charge of the administration of the country. This same accord accept the appointment by the United States government officer to oversee the repayment of outstanding debts by using customs duties.

April 1904 Due to continuing harassement from the railroad industries, and generall corruption in eastern markets against rural communities, the Grange begins to grow in membership again. It encourages a renomination of Bryan, but does not gain enough support due to his two previous losses.

April 1, 1904 - A fourth son is born to Franz Ferdinand, named Ernst.

April 10th 1904- Prime Minister Asquith presents an ambitious social welfare programme, including government pensions.

April 23, 1904 First international meeting of the International Rocketry Society begins in Berlin. Given its mostly British and Russian membership, Berlin was chosen as a convenient midway point between the two nations. However, the location encourages German and Austro-Hungarian rocket enthusiasts to join and attend.

May, 1904 The bubonic plague that arrived from China, carried by rats on a boat, breaks out of quarantined Chinatown in San Francisco. The disease begins ravaging several towns and cities in California, and threatens to expand out of the state.

May 28 1904- Facing Bankruptcy and down his last 10,000 pds D'Arcy makes plans to seek new sources of finance to continue his expedition.

June 1904- William D'Archy and his party disappears in Persia. It is believed that they where robbed and killed by the Bakhtiaris Tribesmen they had hired for protection. Britian abandons farther exploration of the area for oil as it believes that the Region is devoid of oil. They concentrate their efforts in India,Burma,Somaliland.

June 7, 1904: Emil Jellinek walks away from Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft after conflicts over his Mercedes concept car.

June 15, 1904 Attempted assassination of Nikolai Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland.

June 29, 1904: Adlerwerke hires Emil Jellinek, and rushes the Adler Mercedes to market.

August 1904: Hearst and his papers endorse Alton B. Parker, but Hearst decides not to heavily focus on the campaign, believing that Parker is a lost cause who will weaken the Democratic Party.

September 1904: In a hope to gain financial support against Manitoban plutocrat Donald Smith, Thomas Greenway forms the Manitoban Populist-Liberal Party, which supports many Populists platforms, as well as local issue such as a universal educational system for both English and French and cultural unity.

September 1904: A strict radical anti-trust law is proposed, but gains little support, and in the end fails to be even recognised on the House floor.

October 1904 William Jennings Bryan publicly criticizes Democratic candidate Alton B. Parker for betraying the entire former platform. Parker looses the support of many Populist Democrats.

October 1904: There is talk of a Populist Convention being formed to renominate Bryan, but Bryan makes it clear that he has no interest to run on a third party ticket. No other major politicians step forward. In the end, many Populists boycott the elections, only voting for local leaders.

October 8, 1904: While passing off the German North Sea Coast, the Russian Baltic Fleet fires on German fishing boats. Nearby ships from the High Seas Fleet head to the area, and a few shots are fired before peaceful communication is established. Kaiser Wilhelm III demands reparations for the killed sailors.

November 1904: After Fairbanks becomes Vice President, his senate seat in Indiana becomes contested. Republican congressmen James Hemenway tries to claim the title, but fails partly due to political machines and corruption.

Nov 8, 1904 Elihu Root is elected President of the United States. The Democrats with Alton B. Parker have a decent stading in the north east, and of course south, but fail to carry any western states except Utah.

[Glen]

1905 -

1905 Alfred Dreyfus is exonerated by the Supreme Court of France and reinstated into the military.

1905 - The venerable New York Giants are sold to a new owner, and to the shock of the baseball world join the Continental League. Alluding to the American Revolutionary War, these new members of the 'Continental Army' of Baseball start playing Yankee Doodle Dandee at their games, and 'Yankees' becomes another nickname for the team.

1905- An expansion team is approved to replace the defecting Giants. The new team, also based in New York, began building an stadium in Brooklyn and named themselves the Metropolitans.

1905 Former Vice President Theodore Roosevelt, back from safari, begins a series of speaking events in New York, including some that address the ongoing war between Japan and Russia. President Root is persuaded to appoint Roosevelt ambassador to Russia.

1905 Inspired by the Finnish Uprising, Josef Dzhugashvili recommits himself to the goal of Georgian independence, even above socialism. He continues to go by the revolutionary name of Koba.

1905 Norway offers the throne to Swedish Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötlan (3rd son of Oscar). His father at first refuses, but after reassurances regarding his rights, he relents, allowing Prince Carl to take the Norwegian throne.

January 1905: A weak anti-trust law is passed. Major corperations quickly find loop holes. The law does not distinguish between board trusts and labor trusts.

January 13, 1905 - Howard Hughes Jr. is born. His mother, tragically, dies in childbirth leaving him to be brought up by his mechanically inclined father, Howard Hughes Sr.

February 1905 Rioting and Strikes break out in Russia, starting the Russian Revolution.

February 15, 1905 Successful assassination of Nikolai Bobrikov, beginning the Finnish Uprising.

Feburary 26, 1905: The Finnish Uprisring becomes much more volatile, with rioting Finns, mostly instigated by Communists, launching revolts in cities such as Helsinki and Turku.

March 1905: Long standing respected Populist Democrat Henry Teller attempts to take over as Democratic minority leader in the House. Though much more prominent then any other candidate, his Populism drags him down.

March 1905 Charles Evans Hughes is given charge of investigations into corruption in New York City.

March 2, 1905: The Socialist Republic of Finland is proclaimed, claiming borders similar to those of the Grand Duchy. The industrialized cities of Finland are the centers of the revolt. Assistance from the other Great Powers is called for, but only a handful of socialists from around the world and a Swedish volunteer regiment joins the brave Finns. Germany gives covert support in retaliation for the attacks on the German fishing boats. Most of the Finnish leaders, however, reject the Socialist Revolution while at the same time still agitating for reversal of the Russification laws and autonomy.

March 10, 1905, The Russian and Japanese Armies finish an inconclusive battle at Mudken, and both fall back to rethink their strategy.

March 19, 1905: The Russian Baltic Fleet passes through La Perouse Strait without incident and arrives in Vladivostok several days later. Admiral Togo's fleet misses Makarov's fog-hidden squadron by less than an hour.

April 1905: Aguinaldo returns to Luzon, hoping that MacArthur is less ruthless then Bell. Bell attempts to take control of the campaign to the north. Both MacArthur and Taft appeal to Root requesting that MacArthur be given full command. Bell is put in charge only of operations outside of Luzon. MacArthur runs an efficient operation fighting Aguinaldo while not stopping the programs he and Taft had created. MacArthur receives very good publicity for his operation back home.

April-May 1905: There are revolts in the Baltics and the Ukraine based on the Polish and Finnish ones, though they are not as powerful or successful as those two. There is also in increase of unrest in Russian cities like Petrograd and Moscow.

April 5, 1905: Hearing optimistic reports of the Finnish uprising's successes in Finland, plotters in Poland launch their long-awaited bid for independence. Overnight, Polish rebels launch an attempt to seize the cities of Warsaw and Lodz, and after a few days of hard fighting against Russian garrisons, the Polish flag flies once more over the cities.

April 8, 1905: Excited by reports that the peasants are rising up en masse throughout Poland, the Warsaw revolters declare the Republic of Poland. An emissary is sent in secret to offer the crown to an Austrian prince in return for support.

April 13, 1905: The new Polish State invites Archduke Karl of Austria to become it's king. He readily accepts, and though the Czar appeals to his relative the Kaiser to order their ally to stop supporting the new Polish state, Wilhelm III says that he won't discuss it until Russia pays reparations for the October 1904 "Fischen-Ereignis".

April 16, 1905: Russian troops capture Viipurii. Large-scale executions of rebels are kept quiet, but rumors spread quickly.

May 1, 1905: An ill-led Russian army enroute from Viipurii to Helsinki is annihilated by Finnish revolutionaries at the Battle of Kouvola.

May 8, 1905 - The Boston Ferry accident occurs when the overloaded Ferry capsizes, drowning several people, including prominant Bostonian John "Honey Fitz" Fitzgerald.

May 9, 1905: In a new attempt to deliver a crushing blow that will force Russia out of the war, Japanese troops begin an offensive towards Vladivostok.

May 12th 1905- United States agrees with the Dominican Republic an agreement that made possible the creation of the General Customs Office, the office thru which the United States administered the finances of the Dominican Republic.

May 24, 1905: The competent Lieutenant-General Count Fedor Keller arrives at Viipurii from the Far East to take command of the forces preparing to suppress the Finns. A short mutiny is crushed ruthlessly, and order is returned to the Russian forces. Negotiations are started with the "Whites" in Finland, in an attempt to weaken the socialists' position.

June 1, 1905: The Tsar announces that he will de-Russify Finland and return the country its former privileges if resistance ends. As a result, the "Whites" agree to not interfere with Count Keller's forces as they march against “the Reds”.

June 10, 1905: The “Siege of Helsinki” begins.

June 12, 1905: After the fifth uneventful sortie of the fleet (which results in the last of its coal supplies being exhausted), the Second Pacific Squadron offloads its guns from its ships, its sailors begin to try to learn how to be foot soldiers and Admiral Makarov prepares to lead the land defense of Vladivostok, as the Japanese forces approach.

June 18, 1905: A large but ill-trained and poorly-led Polish National Army is crushed outside of Warsaw.

June 20, 1905: Japanese troops arrive at Vladivostok, and the siege of Vladivostok begins.

June 21, 1905: Ambassador Theodore Roosevelt presents his credentials to the Court of the Russian Tsar.

June 24, 1905: Russian troops face severe street-fighting in Warsaw, but after a week resistance has ended. The revolutionary leaders, however, escape into exile abroad.

June 26, 1905: Red controlled portion of Helsinki falls. “White” controlled portions of the city are bypassed as the Russians close in on the “Reds”. The leaders of the Socialist Revolution die in battle in a last stand on Esplanadi Street.

July 1905 Gold, Siver, and Quarry miners organize themselves into a massive strike. A large number are fired on the spot, and are replaced by black or immigrant workers who accept less money and are not allowed to join the union.

July 20, 1905: While directing artillery, Admiral Makarov is killed by a Japanese shell. Morale up to this point had been good, but with their leader's death, the Russian sailors become demoralized. Mutinies among the defending troops are only put down with much trouble.

August 1905: The Hemenway Infrostructure Improvement Act is drawn up by James Hemenway. It gives economic aid to states which improve their much needed infrostructure. The legislation provess popular due to its utilization of both federal and national powers, and appeals to both parties.

August 8th 1905- Tyrus Cobb is sold to the Detroit Tigers by a minor league team.

August 19, 1905: As the Japanese begin a surprise offensive against Mukden, the city of Vladivostok falls.

September 1905: Former Senator and Governor Henry Heitfeld of Idaho resigns fromm public office and takes over the now almost dead Grange farm collective. Under his leadership it begins to grow again.

September 3, 1905: The 2nd Battle of Mukden results in a victory for the Japanese. With strikes shutting the nation down, and troops being unavailable to ship to the East due to the uprisings, the Tsar is advised to begin peace negotiations.

September 1905: Despite the defeat of Polish forces in the field, many Poles continue to strike in the cities and to ambush Russian forces in the countryside. Pamphlets from the exiled revolutionary leaders begin to appear.

September 15, 1905 Charles Evans Hughes is severly beaten and knifed in an apparent mugging in New York City. The attack leaves him crippled and disfigured, removing him from public service. The chief investigator into the assault believed it to be related to his corruption investigations, but no concrete evidence is discovered.

September 15th to 20th, 1905-Earlier in the year, St. Louis Browns' rookie catcher Branch Rickey declared his team "the best in the world," and challenged the National League's leading team, the Pittsburgh Pirates, to prove otherwise. The teams' owners like the idea, and play a best-of-5 exhibition when their seasons end. Pittsburgh wins, 3 games to 1.

September 22, 1905: Peace negotiations begin in Washington, DC with President Root mediating.

September 1905 Tsar Nicholas II attempts to end increasing violence and disorder in Russia with an offer of establishing an assembly called the Duma. However, the proposal gives little real representation or power to the body, and is rejected by most out of hand as a rubber stamp for the Tsar.

Fall 1905 - Robert Goddard travels to Cambridge, England to study rocketry under a scholarship provided by the British branch of the International Rocketry Society.

October 1905: Hearst newspapers criticize Root for a weak diplomatic stance in negotiating with the Russians.

October 1905 On the heels of the exoneration of Dreyfus Emile Zola is convinced by his fellow pro-Dreyfusards to publicly announce that he is joining the Parti Socialiste.

October 1905: William Jennings Bryan founds a newspaper, the Freeland Journal, which recieves wide circulation throughout the west and mid-west. He receives financial support from media emperor William Randolph Hearst, who is a part owner of the new paper.

October 25, 1905: Russian intransigence leads to the break-down of talks, despite a skilled effort on the part of President Root to mediate. Russian delegation is recalled to Russia for ‘consultation’.

November 1905 The Tsar begins to heed the advice to announce reforms with Russia and more autonomy for the minorities in a bid to return civil order.

November 1905 Tsar Nicholas II is forced by continuing chaos in the nation and the failures of the Russo-Japanese War in the East to make significant concessions. The new Duma will be a true representative legislative body and will have real powers in the government. The continuing unrest in the Grand Duchy of Finland is also addressed in the new proposal by having a similar body established there, the return of a separate Finnish military, and the repeal of all the previous Russification laws of the past several years. Although mostly autonomous, Finland will remain in personal union with Russia through the Tsars.

November 1, 1905 Ambassador Roosevelt, having learned of the breakdown in negotionations, begins to petition the Tsar himself on resuming talks to end the war. In the few months that the American Ambassador has been there, he has made a favorable impression on Tsar Nicholas II and begins to sway him to resume talks.

November 3, 1905 The Tsar, having been convinced of the necessity to end the war and the Revolution, orders negotiators back to Washington.

December 1, 1905 The Russians announce plans to restore the Congress Poland Constitution if the strikes and attacks on Russian troops end in Poland. The revolutionary leaders in exile reject this offer, but the people of Poland are beginning to tire of an increasingly difficult resistance, and most stop active resistance.

December 20, 1905 The Russian Revolution technically ends, as Tsar Nicholas is forced by events to sign "The Manifesto on the Improvement of the State Order". Importantly, the Duma is given the power to override the Tsar's veto in certain situations. In addition, autonomy as previously promised is formally granted to the Grand Duchies of Finland and Poland. Some fighting in the countryside continues, but the strikes have come to an end by December. Unfortunately, the Tsar is advised that the situation in the Far East has become dire, with winter hampering Russian ability to reinforce their beleaguered forces.

December 29th 1905 Two men are caught trespassing on former Governor Frank Steunenberg's property. They confess to attempting to assassinate the Govenor for breaking his promises to Union workers.

[Glen]

End of the XXth Century