No MLK in slavery days
Derek, IMHO I think the prospects for a non-violent slave revolt pre-1831 are unlikely, given that this concept was only introduced by MLK and the civil rights movement in the 1960s, influenced by Gandhi's non-violence strategy of the 1920s to support Indian independence. I doubt that such a 20th C concept could've come into play at such an earlier date, although that could have a slight possibility of change if you could plausibly introduce a Northern abolitionist who somehow espouses such radical ideas.
Perhaps the best option for a pre-Nat Turner non-violent slave revolt could occur before the ARW and the solidification of black servitude into SLAVERY per se, at a point when both blacks and lower-class poor whites, as indentured servants, recognise, at a widespread grassroots level, that they're both being oppressed by the rich white landowners, and band together to protest against the status quo in a manner not escalating into direct violence.