Maybe if the US decided unilaterally to invade China during the Korean War and got sucked into a lengthy confrontation with Maoist guerillas, Soviet-supported Chinese and Soviet 'volunteer' troops in Mongolia, ethnic separatist groups opposing the KMT occupation government in liberated China, and the opprobrium of significant parts of the world as 'colonial aggressors'. The US is consioderably more regulated and state-managed, geared towards supporting the war while guaranteeing a certain 'acceptable' standard of living to every citizen, with compartmented currencies for various elements of the economy (notice how it says 'Military Payment Certificate' - that's different from 'Certificate of National Tender' and 'Foreign Exchange Tender'. MPC dollars will get you priortity access to rationed consumer goods in the PX and are exchanged at a favourable rate for education, social security contributions, and tax payments, but can't be used to purchase real estate. Within the US they are exchanged 1:1 for Certificates of National Tender at every bank. CNT dollars allow you to contract any business deal within the US and the MOT - military-occupied territories - but get no priority treatment from the state and can not be spent on any military installation. FET dollars are the only ones that can be converted into foreign exchange. Their issue is strictly limited and by application only, and they must not be used for any business deals within the US or MOT on pain of up to ten years' imprisonment.
That guy is from a really popular propaganda poster from the mid-50s and was put there after Conjgress, in a conciliatory gesture towards Southern Democrats (whose votes are needed to continue the war) agreed to remove U.S. Grant from the 'Great Generals' series of the MPC dollar bills. There's talk of replacing him with MacArthur now that he's dead, but a significant majority of congressmen favour waiting for Eisenhower to become 'available'