Speaking to number 2; what if WWII or something equally poisonous to pan-Germanicism, never happens, then? Say WWI ends on a less harsh note for Germany, or they win, or the war doesn't happen in a way we'd recognize?
WW I saw a brutal anti-German reaction in the U.S. - part of the general wartime hysteria. Sort of like the anti-Japanese-American hysteria in WW II, except of course no
race element, but a much wider trend - there were a lot more ethnic Germans and Germanoid stuff. And the hysteria was pretty hot. There was little physical persecution of ethnic Germans (for obvious reasons), so the energy went into suppression of German cultural influences.
Take that away, and German cultural influence remains much stronger in the U.S., and the U.S. projects onto the world pretty heavily.
(This raises an interesting question: how much visible German influence was there in the Commonwealth countries before WW I? Also, how much in Britain? Some of the pre-WW-I Germanophobes claimed that all the German waiters in Britain were infiltrators. So there must have been a lot of German waiters. Were there German restaurants in Britain? There were Italian restaurants...)
If no WW I, and probably no WW II, Germany is much wealthier and much influential than OTL - and Germany OTL is pretty big stuff. Cultural pan-Germanism would be widespread. This would be a global thing - there were German immigrant communities in Latin America, and the U.S., and German colonies and settlements in Russia, plus all the volksdeutsch in eastern Europe.
