This map in 1920

[NomadicSky]

How'd it happen?

[HueyLong]

Central Power Victory.

Polska is a German puppet state, as Czecka.

AH fell apart, and Osterreich is a republic ruled by German interests, in truth.

Italy appears to have stayed neutral or joined the CP.

[Fenwick]

CP lost but took back some of its land. Poland won the war against the Red Russians.

[EvolvedSaurian]

Central Power Victory.

Polska is a German puppet state, as Czecka.

AH fell apart, and Osterreich is a republic ruled by German interests, in truth.

Italy appears to have stayed neutral or joined the CP.

Doesn't quite fly. If it was a CP victory, Germany would have Luxembourg and Alsace-Lorraine.

Seems like Sweden joined the CP, Russia collapses earlier leading to major land gains there.

On the other front a war of attrition took place, leading to a more fair armistice in the west.

[HueyLong]

Noticed that after posting........

[Calgacus]

sweden joins the war and the USA doesnt - central powers lose on a TKO, thereby AH and Ottomans fall apart but Germany retains much of its power...

[Calgacus]

and also the habsburgs remain in charge in hungary..

[Redbeard]

I note that N. Slesvig is handed back to Denmark at appr. the OTL border. So although this ATL probbaly includes a better outcome for Germany it can't be better than they agreed on a referendum on the S-H question. Or Denmark has rendered Germany some services now being paid back - defeating a British attempt to take Copenhagen?

A guess: Russia and A-H collapse in their deathmatch, but the Germans suceed in halting the allied autumn offensive of 1918, either because USA is still neutral or because they didn't loose so many troops in the 1918 spring offensive. Sweden Intervened in the Russian chaos after the collapse and hurried to swallow both Finland and Estonia. Poland is created out of the collapsing empires but Germany has strength to keep Danzig.

Admiral Horthy declares himself King of Hungary.

The Ottomans collapse according to SOP.

Italy is given some Adriatic coastline in exchange for Austrian access to the same sea (really strange) and nobody cares about the Yugoslavians.

The King of Spain is somehow sent away, I don't know why.

BTW are there any meaning included in the various tones of Republic and Monarchy colour?

Regards

Steffen Redbeard

[Max Sinister]

Are Estonia and Livonia part of Sweden, like Finland?

[Tocomocho]

The King of Spain is somehow sent away, I don't know why.
May be the 1917 uprisings in Barcelona extended to the rest of the country and threw off the monarchy.

OTOH, Portugal seems to have worst results in the Great War, resulting in the fall of the I Republic and the restoration of the monarchy.

[NomadicSky]

Maybe Portugal never lost it's monarchy.

Germany might have been stronger and able to hold out longer peace wasn't unconditional for them.

[Tizoc]

To me looks like timeline with much more favorable Wersal for Germans - somehow Vienna Congres-like

[NomadicSky]

Poland is crazy big, maybe this comes from each of the central powers surrendering one by one.
Sweden is part of the central powers this time from Russia Sweden regins Finland, Estonia, and Livonia. Sweden and German forces aid Poland in their war against Russia and is allowed to annex Lithuania and Courland.

Denmark has north Schleswig maby Germany gives it to them in exchange for Danish support.

[Skarion]

Karl XII accepted peace with Russia early in the great nordic war and by there making Poland a Swedish puppet which could stand up against the Polish collapse.

Also would make Sweden keep Estonia and Livland.

Then in the Napoleonic war Napoleon wasn't able to get the Russians as allies and by there making Sweden neutral in the conflict and by then never gaining Norway and never loosing Finland.

In ww1 Sweden stayed neutral, Poland are a part of the central powers and succeed to win against the Russians.

The Entente still win WW1 as of US intervention.

Can't explain Austria as I am not good enough on that area.

[Rattenfänger von Memphis]

When you look at this map, each of the Central Powers lost territory, but not as severely as in OTL.

Germany lost the northern part of Scheswig-Holstein and Alsace-Lorraine.

Turkey lost the non-Turkish parts of her Ottoman Empire.

Bulgaria lost her Aegean seacoast.

Austria-Hungary broke up but, unlike OTL, both the Austrian and Hungarian sections kept much larger segments of their pre-war empire.

None of the Allies lost any territory, with the exception of Russia. Indeed, several Allied nations actually increased their pre-war territory.

France got Alsace-Lorraine back from Germany.

Romania took Transylvania from Austria-Hungary and Bessarabia from Russia.

Serbia took a huge chunk of pre-war Austria-Hungary and got access to the Adriatic.

Italy acquired Dalmatia on the east side of the Adriatric probably showing that the secret treaties with France and Britain were somewhat honored which had brought Italy into the war in the first place.

Greece took Bulgaria's Aegean seacoast.

The Czechs and the Poles both won their independence and the Poles got access to the sea.

This map clearly tells us that there was a communist revolution in Russia and many of her western hinterlands were lost. But these lost lands do not appear on the map as the Germans, in the severe treaty of Brest-Litovsk (March 1918), created them. No Livonia, no Ukraine, no German annexations in Russia etc.

Instead, this map appears as if it was conforming to US President's Wilson's 14 Points (January 1918) which leads me to believe that the United States did enter the war enabling the Allies to win.

Here are some of Wilson's 14 Points, which seem to reflect the boundaries on this map.


7. Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacuated and restored, without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations. No other single act will serve as this will serve to restore confidence among the nations in the laws which they have themselves set and determined for the government of their relations with one another. Without this healing act the whole structure and validity of international law is forever impaired.

8. All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored, and the wrong done to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly fifty years, should be righted, in order that peace may once more be made secure in the interest of all.

9. A readjustment of the frontiers of Italy should be effected along clearly recognizable lines of nationality.

10. The peoples of Austria-Hungary, whose place among the nations we wish to see safeguarded and assured, should be accorded the freest opportunity to autonomous development.

11. Rumania, Serbia, and Montenegro should be evacuated; occupied territories restored; Serbia accorded free and secure access to the sea; and the relations of the several Balkan states to one another determined by friendly counsel along historically established lines of allegiance and nationality; and international guarantees of the political and economic independence and territorial integrity of the several Balkan states should be entered into.

12. The Turkish portion of the present Ottoman Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted security of life and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of autonomous development, and the Dardanelles should be permanently opened as a free passage to the ships and commerce of all nations under international guarantees.

13. An independent Polish state should be erected which should include the territories inhabited by indisputably Polish populations, which should be assured a free and secure access to the sea, and whose political and economic independence and territorial integrity should be guaranteed by international covenant.

My guess is that the war-weary Germans and their allies sued for peace on the basis of President Wilson's 14 Points as they did in OTL, but earlier, after Russia's collapse but before the March 1918 Brest Litovsk Treaty would have been implemented.

The Germans, in a negotiating ploy to divide the Allies, probably offered to give up Alsace-Lorraine and Belgium immediately and evacuate all occupied territories. That alone would have been enough for the United States to put the pressure on Britain and France to end the war with a much fairer peace than the Versailles Treaty. This would have saved the German monarchy and the German fleet and kept most of Germany intact. The Polish sections of Germany were not incorporated into this AH Poland.

Germany certainly wouldn't have wanted an independent Poland but that was probably the tradeoff they made with the Allies in order to keep their own Polish territories.

The Allies too would have been war-weary and would not have wanted to fight on just to give Poland these German lands. Much of this AH Poland is not Polish, as per Wilson's Point 13, but since it was all coming from either the defeated Austria-Hungary or communist Russia, no one would have cared very much.

The Germans, or rather the Prussians, had also agreed in the 1866 Peace of Prague which ended the Austro-Prussian War to conduct a referendum for the people of northern Schleswig-Holstein so they could determine their nationality. This was never carried out and wasn't carried out until the OTL Versailles Treaty required it. It's not a stretch then to think that it was insisted on in this AH.

I don't know why the change of governments in Spain and Portugal, no guess at all there.

[Othniel]

I don't know why the change of governments in Spain and Portugal, no guess at all there.
With a little redirection you could make the Portuguese Revolution not happen, or fail, and have a Spainsh Civil War happen earlier.

[Shadow Knight]

Maybe Spain joined the war on the side of the Entente (or CP) and went through a government change because of it.

[Merrick]

Try this one - Gallipoli is successful (yes, again), the Ottomans are defeated in 1915 and the Allied forces from the Ottoman front move on to the Balkans, in concert with a Russian offensive in the east and an Italian one in the west. Austria-Hungary collapses late in 1916 and the Germans, faced with a hopeless strategic situation, offer peace. Alsace-Lorraine goes to France, Austrian Galicia to Russia, most of Croatia/Bosnia to Serbia, Egypt & Iraq to Britain. Italy has failed to advance on the Izonzo front and has to be content with the bits of Dalmatia that were actually in Allied hands when the the Armistice was signed. The Italians complain, but no-one else is willing to prolong the war just to give Italy the South Tyrol. Many of the Allies (especially Britain) aren't keen on an over-mighty Russia either, which is why the Hapsburgs are allowed to remain as Kings of Hungary (rather than a Russian/Romanian puppet government) and why Slovakia and Slovenia are retained by Hungary and Austria rather than swelling Russia's list of Slavic clients. There are no changes on the Polish border since the Russians don't actually want any more Poles in their empire and neither Russia nor Germany wants a Polish state.

The Russians are not happy. They have fought longest, suffered most and are now being ripped off by their ostensible allies. In OTL Italy, this produced a Fascist coup, ITTL it, plus the depression that followed the war, leads to a Russian revolution a few years after WW1 ends. Once it is clear that the Communists cannot be stopped (short of an all-out war, and no-one in Europe wants another of those), the Powers move to set up buffer zones between themselves and the Red Menace. Germany overruns Russian Poland and much of Bylorussia and proclaims it an "independent" Polish state. Sweden and Romania are encouraged to "reclaim" Finland and Bessarabia (since no-one is scared of Sweden or Romania, these territories are simply annexed). The Turk recover the Armenian territories they lost in 1915.

As to the Spanish/Portuguese republic/monarchy swap, I got nothing.

[Hapsburg]

Doesn't quite fly. If it was a CP victory, Germany would have Luxembourg and Alsace-Lorraine.
Unless, of course, Germany never seized A-L in 1870.

[EvolvedSaurian]

Unless, of course, Germany never seized A-L in 1870.

There'd still be ethnic Germans there, barring a miracle of French linguistic centralization.

[Alcuin]

How about, the Ottoman Empire fell apart in 1830 thanks to Mehmet Ali leading Egypt to independence with British help and other Arab, Kurdish, Berber and European territories followed suit.

Austria Hungary fell apart in 1848, the year of revolutions, resulting in the divisions shown, plus an independent "Poland" consisting mainly of Silesia and Galicia). The Hapsburgs are still in power in Austria itself... provided they don't upset the Italians (who regained soime of the old Venetian possessions during the collapse.

Russia fell apart in 1905 after the assassination of the Tsar and the foundation of the Soviet state. Sweden intervened to take territories from Russia, as did Poland and to a lesser extent Romania.

There was a minor war between Greece and Bulgaria but the Great War has still not happened. The remaining Great Powers (Great Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Poland, Sweden, America, Japan and the Soviet Union) are coming to the view that perhaps the Great War is not going to happen after all. Instead, separatist and irredentist claims are being decided by the ballotbox, as for example in the recent Schleswig-Holstein plebiscite.