AH Challenge: The Weimar Republic Survives TL

[Wendell]

I don't see this happening.... why does the United States want Micronesia?
Continuous U.S. water from Hawaii to Philippines and Guam.

[Nicole]

Why not? I just don't get it....
In Wendells scenario, Japan giving up Micronesia is required for it to keep Manchuoko. I'm guessing it's America proposing the loss of Micronesia (Since the Japanese probably wouldn't be offering a loss of MORE territory), and why would they do such a thing? I think that the Americans (and the Japanese) would see the Japanese evacuation of China Proper as enough.

[Nicole]

Continuous U.S. water from Hawaii to Philippines and Guam.
If we cared about that, we could have done it in the Spanish-American War (When Micronesia was still Spanish).

[luakel]

In Wendells scenario, Japan giving up Micronesia is required for it to keep Manchuoko. I'm guessing it's America proposing the loss of Micronesia (Since the Japanese probably wouldn't be offering a loss of MORE territory), and why would they do such a thing? I think that the Americans (and the Japanese) would see the Japanese evacuation of China Proper as enough.
Because it looks good on a map and makes public opinion go up.

[Nicole]

Because it looks good on a map and makes public opinion go up.
The Japanese would probably reject it, though. It'd be hard enough to convince them to evacuate China.

[Wendell]

If we cared about that, we could have done it in the Spanish-American War (When Micronesia was still Spanish).
No, it was sold to the Germans during the war.

[Wendell]

The Japanese would probably reject it, though. It'd be hard enough to convince them to evacuate China.
The proposal was on the table. And the possibility of American support against Russia? Not to mention Lebensraum...

[Nicole]

No, it was sold to the Germans during the war.
However (emphasis mine):
Then in 1899, after the Spanish-American War of 1899,

[Wendell]

However (emphasis mine):
I thought it was during...Even so, Japan did not hold the islands then, so Americans could scoot around between Japan and the German Pacific...

[Glen]

Well, Japan really doesn't have a reason until after it, when it needs money and wants the US on their good side. But if you can think of a credible POD, OK.

Can you sell a League Mandate? IIRC, that is how Japan 'acquired' Micronesia.

[Nicole]

I thought it was during...Even so, Japan did not hold the islands then, so Americans could scoot around between Japan and the German Pacific...
In 1899, America had an oppurtunity to take Micronesia, and only took Guam. During World War I, we had an oppurtunity to take it, but we let Japan do it...

[Glen]

What is really so bad about the US buying Micronesia (and Marianas)? I disagreed with you on the subject of Poland and Romania when we were doing the 2nd Russo-Jap. War, but I eventually gave in. Why can't you just agree to let me have one of my cliches in the TL?

Because it's looking a bit implausible in this particular timeline. A neutral 'cliche' or two we might add, and especially if it adds flavor to the timeline, or better yet a cliche that actually enhances the survival of the German Republic, the stated purpose of this timeline.

The problem is that realistically, Micronesia was transferred from a League 'Mandate' to a UN Trust territory in OTL; that's the way the US got them. We don't have the UN in this timeline, but the League. And they US didn't join the League, nor accept mandates from the League.

But on the brighter side, it looks like we can get you de Gaulle for France.

[Wendell]

In 1899, America had an oppurtunity to take Micronesia, and only took Guam. During World War I, we had an oppurtunity to take it, but we let Japan do it...
Japan had the islands from 1916. the U.S. would have entered the war in an election year in order for that to happen.

[Wendell]

Can you sell a League Mandate? IIRC, that is how Japan 'acquired' Micronesia.
It had been a League mandate? The League didn't take it back when Japan withdrew...

[Glen]

It had been a League mandate? The League didn't take it back when Japan withdrew...

Apparently not. Interesting question, that. It very well could be that the League would want to have the Japanese return the mandate, but who is going to enforce that?

Hmmm, so Japan withdraws from the League of Nations, and basically takes their mandate with them. The USA is not a League member, and also Japan's number 1 trade partner...hmmm.

Okay, it is barely possible that the Japanese might be able to sell Micronesia to the USA.

However, you have to still come up with a good reason why the Japanese would want to sell, and why the USA would want to buy.

[Wendell]

Apparently not. Interesting question, that. It very well could be that the League would want to have the Japanese return the mandate, but who is going to enforce that?

Hmmm, so Japan withdraws from the League of Nations, and basically takes their mandate with them. The USA is not a League member, and also Japan's number 1 trade partner...hmmm.

Okay, it is barely possible that the Japanese might be able to sell Micronesia to the USA.

However, you have to still come up with a good reason why the Japanese would want to sell, and why the USA would want to buy.
For Japan, there's a war to finance, and maybe an easy way to get out of a diplomatic rut?

[luakel]

If we cared about that, we could have done it in the Spanish-American War (When Micronesia was still Spanish).
That was because we were still busy trying to secure the Phillipines and Cuba.

For Japan, there's a war to finance, and maybe an easy way to get out of a diplomatic rut?
And, for America, it gives them a fairly large area on a map to call their own, and it probably helps Vandenberg prove that America can gain quite a lot by staying isolationist and out of any war.

[Glen]

For Japan, there's a war to finance, and maybe an easy way to get out of a diplomatic rut?

However, the Japanese don't strike me as being in the mood to lose territory for quick fix finances.

After the Soviet war, they will have lost a lot in money, but even more in terms of potential territory, so would losing more be an option?

It might be a good PR stunt, the US buying Micronesia, but how will the Pres justify the added expense of administering and protecting these far flung postage stamps of islands (how the US press will view them I suspect)?

[Wendell]

However, the Japanese don't strike me as being in the mood to lose territory for quick fix finances.

After the Soviet war, they will have lost a lot in money, but even more in terms of potential territory, so would losing more be an option?

It might be a good PR stunt, the US buying Micronesia, but how will the Pres justify the added expense of administering and protecting these far flung postage stamps of islands (how the US press will view them I suspect)?
As safe passage for U.S. commerce in Asia and the Philippine Commonwealth.

[Glen]

As safe passage for U.S. commerce in Asia and the Philippine Commonwealth.

If they keep selling oil and scrap metal to the Japanese, they pretty much get that already.

[luakel]

It might be a good PR stunt, the US buying Micronesia, but how will the Pres justify the added expense of administering and protecting these far flung postage stamps of islands (how the US press will view them I suspect)?
Like I said above: as proof that the US can gain from being isolationistic.

[Glen]

Like I said above: as proof that the US can gain from being isolationistic.

Gaining far flung territories in the South Pacific isn't exactly isolationist, ya know.

Look, I'm doing the best I can to see how your idea can be accomodated, but I need more than this argument about proof the US can gain from isolationism.

Any ideas?

[Nicole]

Have the Japanese ever sold territory to another state at all?

[luakel]

Gaining far flung territories in the South Pacific isn't exactly isolationist, ya know.

Look, I'm doing the best I can to see how your idea can be accomodated, but I need more than this argument about proof the US can gain from isolationism.

Any ideas?
Well, I didn't really mean isolationism, I meant that there would be proof that the US can gain territory even if it doesn't go to war. That would certainly help Vandenberg's support.

[Glen]

Well, I didn't really mean isolationism, I meant that there would be proof that the US can gain territory even if it doesn't go to war. That would certainly help Vandenberg's support.

I don't think that most people in the 1940s in the USA are looking for more territory, especially out in the middle of nowhere.

Heck, they were fast-tracking the territories they already had to independence. Why would they acquire more unless they felt obligated to (as in post-WWII)?

[Glen]

Have the Japanese ever sold territory to another state at all?

Don't know. Can't think of any examples.

[luakel]

I don't think that most people in the 1940s in the USA are looking for more territory, especially out in the middle of nowhere.

Yes, but they had a war to fight, so they didn't really need to worry.

[Glen]

Yes, but they had a war to fight, so they didn't really need to worry.

No, I meant in this timeline, not OTL.

[luakel]

No, I meant in this timeline, not OTL.
Well, I still don't think anyone in the US would complain about the purchase of some Pacific isles.

[Othniel]

Well, I still don't think anyone in the US would complain about the purchase of some Pacific isles.
They complained about Louisanna, and Alaska.

[luakel]

They complained about Louisanna, and Alaska.
That didn't stop us from buying them anyway.

[Othniel]

That didn't stop us from buying them anyway.
It did for a long time, almost 30 years when they offered Alaska. And Jefferson attacked against the wishes of congress.

[Wendell]

Don't know. Can't think of any examples.
But Russia only ever did so once AFAIK.

[perdedor99]

Don't know. Can't think of any examples.
No.Never on their history.

[perdedor99]

More stuff:

November 17th 1945- In an accord brokered by the United States and the League of Nations, the warring factions in Colombia agreed to end the conflict that caused thousands of deaths and devastated the economy of that nation. President Vandenberg sees this accord “as giving peace to this generation of Colombians and hopefully to the coming ones.”

April 15th 1951- King Abdullah of Transjordan received permission from the League to move troops of his Arab Legion into the troubled land of Palestine. British Prime Minister Anthony Eden stated “…it was this or sending more of our chaps to Palestine… …With the emigration of more Jews from troubled Eastern Europe, Italy and Poland in the late 1940’s, Palestine is turning into a possible flashpoint in the future.”

April 4th 1955- Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia celebrated the anniversary of his return from exile with a declared long week holiday that also celebrated the end of Italian occupation ten years ago. Foreign dignitaries were invited to the different ceremonies celebrated during the week.

May 7th 1953- Joseph Stalin died from heart attack on his dacha on the outside of Moscow. Replaced by Lavrenti Beria as leader of the Soviet Union.

July 17th 1950-Vikdun Quisling is named ambassador to the Soviet Union. The former Norwegian Minister of the Interior during the early and middle 1940’s, is know for leaning to the extreme right and this post is considered by many a political exile caused by his now unpopular views.

September 18th 1958-France explodes their first atomic bomb on the Sahara desert.

April 7th 1951- Jackie Robinson of the Brooklyn Dodgers single on his first at bat in the major leagues, being the first black man since the late 19th century to play Major League Baseball.

September 28th 1950-Outfielder Joe Matthews of the Chicago Cubs wins the homerun crown with 51 HRs and later is named National League MVP.

September 29th 1952- Boston Red Sox outfielder Ted Williams wins the American league batting championship with a .379 batting avg.

July 9th 1960- Dominion of Kenya created. With the big influx from Eastern Europeans and Italian colonists escaping from Ethiopia during the late 1940’s and during the 50’s the British government decided to grant Dominion status to the former colony.

September 27th 1957- Recently promoted Colonel Lech Walesa named commander of the Polish famed 10th Armored Brigade.

August 9th 1952- An arms sales agreement was signed today between the United States and Chile. The President stated that “…Chile is a beacon of democracy in South America and it’s our nation’s duty to help that country stay that way….”

[Glen]

Great stuff.

I will get your latest additions in the timeline sometime today, I hope.

[luakel]

Here is my proposed event chain for the treaty:

October 20, 1944- A delegation of Japanese officials, led by Prince Fumimaro Konoye, meets with a group of American officials, led by Secretary of State Henry Stimson in Manila in a conference to discuss better diplomatic and financial relations and increased military cooperation between the two countries. General Douglas MacArthur, chief of staff of the US Army is also present at the conference.

October 23, 1944- At the Manila Conference, the Japanese decide to offer their holdings in Micronesia and the Marianas to the United States as a sign of good will, as well as allowing the US to station troops in the Japanese-owned Southern Korea. Secretary of State Stimson transfers the terms to Washington for approval.

October 24, 1944- A short message of approval to the Japanese offered terms comes back in the early morning hours, saying WHY NOT?. Added onto the message in jest is ALL THE WORLD WONDERS. With the government's approval, Stimson and MacArthur fly to Tokyo with the US and Japanese delagations to sign the treaty. Giving a press conference before leaving, General MacArthur states "I Shall Return" when a reporter asks if he will be coming back to the Phillipines.

October 25, 1944- The Manila Treaty is signed by members of the US and Japanese delagations in Tokyo, Japan, at around 1100. The terms include the Japanese cessation of Micronesia and the Marianas to the US, and the right to base US troops in Korea. In Return, the US will sign several new lucrative trade deals with Japan, pay a few hundred thousand dollars for the islands, and finally renew the American-Japanese trade agreement of 1911.

November 2, 1944- The Republican team of Arthur Vandenburg/Robert A. Taft defeats the Democrat nominees, Alben Barkley/Claude Pepper. The recent US-Japanese raapproachment helped the incumbent gain some valuable votes in California, which was a close swing state.


Sound good?

[perdedor99]

October 20, 1944- A delegation of Japanese officials, led by Prince Fumimaro Konoye, meets with a group of American officials, led by Secretary of State Henry Stimson in Manila in a conference to discuss better diplomatic and financial relations and increased military cooperation between the two countries. General Douglas MacArthur, chief of staff of the US Army is also present at the conference.

first of all, MacArthur was chief of Staff in 1932. He was retired of the US Army. The Conference could happen.

October 23, 1944- At the Manila Conference, the Japanese decide to offer their holdings in Micronesia and the Marianas to the United States as a sign of good will, as well as allowing the US to station troops in the Japanese-owned Southern Korea. Secretary of State Stimson transfers the terms to Washington for approval.

Doubt it. They just lost half their Empire and now they are giving more away. Plus allowing foreign troops in their soil so soon after that crushing defeat? No politician in Japan will sign that treaty. Is a lost of face too big.

October 24, 1944- A short message of approval to the Japanese offered terms comes back in the early morning hours, saying WHY NOT?. Added onto the message in jest is ALL THE WORLD WONDERS. With the government's approval, Stimson and MacArthur fly to Tokyo with the US and Japanese delagations to sign the treaty. Giving a press conference before leaving, General MacArthur states "I Shall Return" when a reporter asks if he will be coming back to the Phillipines.
The rest is moot. I stated the reasons for the events not to happen.

October 25, 1944- The Manila Treaty is signed by members of the US and Japanese delagations in Tokyo, Japan, at around 1100. The terms include the Japanese cessation of Micronesia and the Marianas to the US, and the right to base US troops in Korea. In Return, the US will sign several new lucrative trade deals with Japan, pay a few hundred thousand dollars for the islands, and finally renew the American-Japanese trade agreement of 1911.

That is pretty much turning into an American puppet. A treaty like that never will be signed in Japan. You have to understand the Japanese mentality. A treaty like that is a lost of face. It you give the Philippines for Micronesia they will sign that but giving parts of their Empire for money plus showing the world they can't defend themselves make them look like beggars and weaklings. As I say not very likely.

November 2, 1944- The Republican team of Arthur Vandenburg/Robert A. Taft defeats the Democrat nominees, Alben Barkley/Claude Pepper. The recent US-Japanese raapproachment helped the incumbent gain some valuable votes in California, which was a close swing state.[/I]

Actually Wendell have convince me that Claude Pepper is a better bet for President because due to the course of events a Republican administration will be in their opinion isolationist, and a Pepper administration will be stronger in foreign affair. Following the course of events os far.

[perdedor99]

More stuff:

August 14th 1959- Socialist Republic of Argentina and People’s Republic of Uruguay signed a trade and Cooperation agreement with the Soviet Union. Agreement includes the station of Soviet agricultural technicians in both South American nations to ensure the good use of the Soviet imports to that nations.

November 11th 1957- Netherlands, suffering the third year of a civil war in their East Indies colonies, asks the Northern European Alliance for membership. Their goal was to get the other member nations involved in the war in the East Indies. By the end of the year parts of Sumatra, Bali and Borneo are effectively in hands of the rebels while a terrorist campaign against government forces is being fought in Java.

March 2nd 1957- From his secret capital in the province of Aceh, self-proclaimed president of Indonesia, Sukarno, ask the Netherlands government to end the conflict and together to began a peaceful transition to independence. The Dutch response was to ask Sukarno to turn himself in and to end the rebellion. The impasse continued.

February 20th 1957- Lavrenti Beria, leader of the Soviet Union, met with German president Ludwig Erhard in Berlin. This was the first time a Russian leader has visited a foreign nation since the times of the tsars. One of the points discussed during their meetings was what the Soviets considered a threat to peace in Europe, the nation of Poland.

April 16th 1958- Chile and Peru signed the Andean Pact, a defensive agreement due to the fears caused by the fall of the Argentinean nation into communist and the current problems in neighboring Bolivia.

August 8th 1958- France announces their intend to create a French Union, similar in composition to the British Commonwealth. According to insiders, the colonies most likely to get self -rule by 1960 were Syria, Lebanon and Madagascar.

December 25th 1958- The Christmas Massacres. In what many considered an escalation of the civil war in Palestine, hundreds of people died during disturbances all thru the region. British and Arab Legion troops tried to diffuse the situation but by New Year’s Eve the British government asked the League for help in resolving this situation.

[luakel]

first of all, MacArthur was chief of Staff in 1932. He was retired of the US Army. The Conference could happen.
That was a Typo. I meant for it to say Phillippine Army.



Doubt it. They just lost half their Empire and now they are giving more away. Plus allowing foreign troops in their soil so soon after that crushing defeat? No politician in Japan will sign that treaty. Is a lost of face too big.
You've already said that.


That is pretty much turning into an American puppet. A treaty like that never will be signed in Japan. You have to understand the Japanese mentality. A treaty like that is a lost of face. It you give the Philippines for Micronesia they will sign that but giving parts of their Empire for money plus showing the world they can't defend themselves make them look like beggars and weaklings. As I say not very likely.
What is wrong with giving the US the ability to put troops in Korea? If they don't, there's still a large chance that Stalin might attack them again. Plus, you have said yourself that moderates are in power.

Actually Wendell have convince me that Claude Pepper is a better bet for President because due to the course of events a Republican administration will be in their opinion isolationist, and a Pepper administration will be stronger in foreign affair. Following the course of events os far.
He would be elected in 1948, not '44. That's how Wendell suggested it.

Perdedor, it seems as if all of my ideas on this thread have instantly caused you to call them implausible and ensue in debates betwen us that are pages long. And yet, you have posted more than a dozen events, with Glen happily accepting them without a second glance. See Below:
More stuff:

November 17th 1945- In an accord brokered by the United States and the League of Nations, the warring factions in Colombia agreed to end the conflict that caused thousands of deaths and devastated the economy of that nation. President Vandenberg sees this accord “as giving peace to this generation of Colombians and hopefully to the coming ones.”

April 15th 1951- King Abdullah of Transjordan received permission from the League to move troops of his Arab Legion into the troubled land of Palestine. British Prime Minister Anthony Eden stated “…it was this or sending more of our chaps to Palestine… …With the emigration of more Jews from troubled Eastern Europe, Italy and Poland in the late 1940’s, Palestine is turning into a possible flashpoint in the future.”

April 4th 1955- Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia celebrated the anniversary of his return from exile with a declared long week holiday that also celebrated the end of Italian occupation ten years ago. Foreign dignitaries were invited to the different ceremonies celebrated during the week.

May 7th 1953- Joseph Stalin died from heart attack on his dacha on the outside of Moscow. Replaced by Lavrenti Beria as leader of the Soviet Union.

July 17th 1950-Vikdun Quisling is named ambassador to the Soviet Union. The former Norwegian Minister of the Interior during the early and middle 1940’s, is know for leaning to the extreme right and this post is considered by many a political exile caused by his now unpopular views.

September 18th 1958-France explodes their first atomic bomb on the Sahara desert.

April 7th 1951- Jackie Robinson of the Brooklyn Dodgers single on his first at bat in the major leagues, being the first black man since the late 19th century to play Major League Baseball.

September 28th 1950-Outfielder Joe Matthews of the Chicago Cubs wins the homerun crown with 51 HRs and later is named National League MVP.

September 29th 1952- Boston Red Sox outfielder Ted Williams wins the American league batting championship with a .379 batting avg.

July 9th 1960- Dominion of Kenya created. With the big influx from Eastern Europeans and Italian colonists escaping from Ethiopia during the late 1940’s and during the 50’s the British government decided to grant Dominion status to the former colony.

September 27th 1957- Recently promoted Colonel Lech Walesa named commander of the Polish famed 10th Armored Brigade.

August 9th 1952- An arms sales agreement was signed today between the United States and Chile. The President stated that “…Chile is a beacon of democracy in South America and it’s our nation’s duty to help that country stay that way….”
So, what reasons do you have for any of these events to take place?

[perdedor99]

September 28th 1950-Outfielder Joe Matthews of the Chicago Cubs wins the homerun crown with 51 HRs and later is named National League MVP.

Made up guy that in the main TL died in 1943 in the Pacific. Here with no war went to play major league baseball.


September 27th 1957- Recently promoted Colonel Lech Walesa named commander of the Polish famed 10th Armored Brigade.
Yes, OTL John Paul II.

[luakel]

Yes, OTL John Paul II.
Yes, but what basis does this have in the Timeline? This is effectively what you have asked me about my idea.

[Othniel]

I had 1955 using the Old time Coup against Peron as when it went red.. ;)

[perdedor99]

More stuff:

[QUOTE]August 14th 1959- Socialist Republic of Argentina and People’s Republic of Uruguay signed a trade and Cooperation agreement with the Soviet Union. Agreement includes the station of Soviet agricultural technicians in both South American nations to ensure the good use of the Soviet imports to that nations.
Oth said that Argentina will go communist in 1955 and is probable that both communist nations in this TL will try to cooperate and start relations with the Soviet Union.

November 11th 1957- Netherlands, suffering the third year of a civil war in their East Indies colonies, asks the Northern European Alliance for membership. Their goal was to get the other member nations involved in the war in the East Indies. By the end of the year parts of Sumatra, Bali and Borneo are effectively in hands of the rebels while a terrorist campaign against government forces is being fought in Java.

just moved info from OTL 1945-1949 war farther down the line due to slower end of colonial rule. I doub they will drag the rest of the nations but they could try.

March 2nd 1957- From his secret capital in the province of Aceh, self-proclaimed president of Indonesia, Sukarno, ask the Netherlands government to end the conflict and together to began a peaceful transition to independence. The Dutch response was to ask Sukarno to turn himself in and to end the rebellion. The impasse continued.
Just a continuation of the same train of thought.

February 20th 1957- Lavrenti Beria, leader of the Soviet Union, met with German president Lothar Eichan in Berlin. This was the first time a Russian leader has visited a foreign nation since the times of the tsars. One of the points discussed during their meetings was what the Soviets considered a threat to peace in Europe, the nation of Poland.

Beria was more of a sly operator and trying to cultivate relations with their European neighbors.

April 16th 1958- Chile and Peru signed the Andean Pact, a defensive agreement due to the fears caused by the fall of the Argentinean nation into communist and the current problems in neighboring Bolivia.

With Argentina going commie in 1955 according to Oth and he also stated a possible Bolivian communist guerilla movement, is very possible Chile tries to ally itself to at the time a very powerful army, the Peruvians, that also were some kind of democracy

August 8th 1958- France announces their intend to create a French Union, similar in composition to the British Commonwealth. According to insiders, the colonies most likely to get self -rule by 1960 were Syria, Lebanon and Madagascar.
Kind like they did IOTL except they are trying to keep the colonies under their technical rule due to the slower end of the colonial rule.

December 25th 1958- The Christmas Massacres. In what many considered an escalation of the civil war in Palestine, hundreds of people died during disturbances all thru the region. British and Arab Legion troops tried to diffuse the situation but by New Year’s Eve the British government asked the League for help in resolving this situation.
With no discussion in regards to Israel, I'm following a likely approach to continous jewish emigration into Palestine.

[perdedor99]

Yes, but what basis does this have in the Timeline? This is effectively what you have asked me about my idea.

LOL. I mess up. Lech Walesa is a complete different person. Glen, look for the real name of the Pope and changed. In regard to your question, luakel, he almost joined the militart in OTL IIRC correctly. So a fifty/fifty chance.

[luakel]

So, what is wrong with inserting my lines into the TL as well?

[perdedor99]

That was a Typo. I meant for it to say Phillippine Army.

OK


You've already said that.
And I have to repeat it. They will not sell more land. They will look weak and this is still a military society.



What is wrong with giving the US the ability to put troops in Korea? If they don't, there's still a large chance that Stalin might attack them again. Plus, you have said yourself that moderates are in power.

Again they will lose face. Allowing gaijin forces in their sacred soil will be an insult to the Japanese military and especially the Army. And moderates do not meant they are not still old style Japanese. They value their land as showing them as a powerful nation still. Selling land will prove to the world that they are weak on their eyes. As I say very doubtful they will sell part of their Empire.


He would be elected in 1948, not '44. That's how Wendell suggested it.

And I agree. 1948.

Perdedor, it seems as if all of my ideas on this thread have instantly caused you to call them implausible and ensue in debates betwen us that are pages long. And yet, you have posted more than a dozen events, with Glen happily accepting them without a second glance. See Below:
Not all of them. Just two. No reason at all to have a war on the Pacific and for Japan to sell Micronesia. As I say Japan have to be very stupid to start a war so soon after getting creamed by the Russians and if in the 60's we will be seeing the liberal use of atomic weapons. The Far East will go to hell.

In regard to Micronesia just gave my reasons. No need to get them. The US already have Guam, that serves as a bridge to the PI, the Japanese will not sell land becuase it will show the world they are weak in the 1940's and later with more inmigration going there that IOTL could have gone to Manchuria an integral part of the Empire. It will be like US selling Hawaii in the 1960's.

QUOTE]

[luakel]

Not all of them. Just two. No reason at all to have a war on the Pacific and for Japan to sell Micronesia. As I say Japan have to be very stupid to start a war so soon after getting creamed by the Russians and if in the 60's we will be seeing the liberal use of atomic weapons. The Far East will go to hell.

In regard to Micronesia just gave my reasons. No need to get them. The US already have Guam, that serves as a bridge to the PI, the Japanese will not sell land becuase it will show the world they are weak in the 1940's and later with more inmigration going there that IOTL could have gone to Manchuria an integral part of the Empire. It will be like US selling Hawaii in the 1960's.

And what is wrong with putting events in a timeline just because we want to add in some twists? For example, you had John Paul II in the Polish Army. While it does have historical basis, I assume it is mostly just meant as an ironic little idea you had. Otherwise, why bother noting the promotion of an obscure Polish officer? So, what's wrong with me doing the same thing?

And you have called my other ideas implausible, just look at when I suggested that Poland and Romania join up with Japan to fight Russia.

[perdedor99]

And what is wrong with putting events in a timeline just because we want to add in some twists? For example, you had John Paul II in the Polish Army. While it does have historical basis, I assume it is mostly just meant as an ironic little idea you had. Otherwise, why bother noting the promotion of an obscure Polish officer? So, what's wrong with me doing the same thing?

And you have called my other ideas implausible, just look at when I suggested that Poland and Romania join up with Japan to fight Russia.

The reason is the Romanian and the Poles were no match for the Soviet Army. They will be crushed and not receive help from the democracies because they were the attackers. I thoight we already discussed the reasons. The Japanese could do better, but still lose while Romania and Poland are annexed by the Soviets. And the idea is not impausible but is not very likely. As we stated before, that nations have to be ruled by idiots to try that.

In regard to JPII, making him a military officer do not affect the world in the scope you are trying to do. For example having a guy that died in 1943 winning the Homerun championship in 1951 or Ted Willians winning batting championships on years that IOTL was fighting first in WW2 and later in Korea maybe affect his overall careers numbers but do not amount to much out of the US. Your changes are not taking into consideration politics and the Japanese mindset.

[luakel]

In regard to JPII, making him a military officer do not affect the world in the scope you are trying to do. For example having a guy that died in 1943 winning the Homerun championship in 1951 or Ted Willians winning batting championships on years that IOTL was fighting first in WW2 and later in Korea maybe affect his overall careers numbers but do not amount to much out of the US.
How would giving the US some Pacific islands affect the world in a great way? :confused: You have said yourself that "I've been there, take Anderson base away and they die from boredom in a month. Excpet fot the Sand Castle and the disco they got there."

[perdedor99]

How would giving the US some Pacific islands affect the world in a great way? :confused: You have said yourself that "I've been there, take Anderson base away and they die from boredom in a month. Excpet fot the Sand Castle and the disco they got there."

As I have said. You have Guam. The rest of the island are just there. Japan have better use for them due first to prestige and them due to emigration being parts of the Empire. IMO they will not sell them because it will be like selling Hawaii. I know I have said that before but it's true. They maybe make good vacation spot for the japanese later in the TL. Like in OTL. Equivalent to the US and Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

[luakel]

It will be like selling Hawaii.
No. The Japanese reaction when they had to give up Micronesia was nothing like what would've happened if the US had had to give up Hawaii.

[perdedor99]

No. The Japanese reaction when they had to give up Micronesia was nothing like what would've happened if the US had had to give up Hawaii.

Why? They have to give Micronesia IOTL is because two atomic bombs fell on their heads plus an army was ready to invade. They have bigger fish to fry than the Micronesians and anyway the island were invaded, at least some of them. And in TTL you're not taking into account the Japanese mentality. Giving part of their Empire is like for them like the US selling Hawaii or Alaska. They are giving part of their Empire away because they are too weak? They will try to deal from strength and selling territory is not the answer. Also American forces in Korea? the insult to the Army is VERY BIG.

just checked the population numbers OTl of Micronesia and the japanese population was more than 2:1 than natives. With extra emigration that number could go to 3:1 in favor of the Japanese. Would you sell a place that is yours? where your citizens are a mayority? I think in 1940 the native population was larger than the Americans in Hawaii or at least close to 1:1. Another reason not to sell.

[luakel]

Why? They have to give Micronesia IOTL is because two atomic bombs fell on their heads plus an army was ready to invade. They have bigger fish to fry than the Micronesians and anyway the island were invaded, at least some of them. And in TTL you're not taking into account the Japanese mentality. Giving part of their Empire is like for them like the US selling Hawaii or Alaska. They are giving part of their Empire away because they are too weak? They will try to deal from strength and selling territory is not the answer. Also American forces in Korea? the insult to the Army is VERY BIG.
Fine, then get rid of the thing about Korea. And you have just said "they have bigger fish to fry than the Micronesians". Same in this TTL, they have a growing Soviet threat. I think that they would find a trade of some Pacific Islands with minimal population (3 years of no Manchuko won't make too much of a difference) in exchange for being favored in trade deals and, likely covertly, being give some military aid, very favorable. And the US would likely see it in the same light as the Marshall Plan.

[perdedor99]

Fine, then get rid of the thing about Korea. And you have just said "they have bigger fish to fry than the Micronesians". Same in this TTL, they have a growing Soviet threat. I think that they would find a trade of some Pacific Islands with minimal population (3 years of no Manchuko won't make too much of a difference) in exchange for being favored in trade deals and, likely covertly, being give some military aid, very favorable. And the US would likely see it in the same light as the Marshall Plan.

read my edit to my last post. IMO Japan will not sell a place with a large Japanese population and plantations. They have 20 years to do it, from 1920 to 1940. By 1940 the population was about 100,000 japanese versus 40,000 natives. Add refugees from Manchuria and the number could raise to 120,000 japanese. Will you sell land where your population is a majority?

[luakel]

read my edit to my last post. IMO Japan will not sell a place with a large Japanese population and plantations. They have 20 years to do it. By 1940 the population was about 100,000 japanese versus 40,000 natives. Add refugees from Manchuria and the number could raise to 120,000 japanese. Will you sell land where your population is a majority.
Where are all those Japanese today then?

[Nicole]

Where are all those Japanese today then?
After World War II, they fled or were forced off, IIRC. Similar to the explusion of Germans from East Europe.

[perdedor99]

Where are all those Japanese today then?
They were sent back to Japan after WW2. Forced relocation of population at work. But that doesn't happen in democracies. Also many of them killed themselves during the invasions of Guam, Saipan, Tinian, etc. Stories of women throwing their children of the cliffs and them throwing themselves have been documented.

[luakel]

Well, I'm tired of fighting over this. I propose we wait for Glen to return, and see what he thinks of perdedor and my events.

[perdedor99]

Well, I'm tired of fighting over this. I propose we wait for Glen to return, and see what he thinks of perdedor and my events.
OK. No problem. I'm just stating my reasons for not happening.

[Glen]

What is wrong with giving the US the ability to put troops in Korea? If they don't, there's still a large chance that Stalin might attack them again. Plus, you have said yourself that moderates are in power.

However, the placement of overseas American bases in sovereign nations was by and large a by-product of WWII to the best of my knowledge. The idea of the Japanese bringing in a US base (rather than building their own) is implausible, IMO.

Even the alliance nations in Europe won't be building bases in each other's countries....


Perdedor, it seems as if all of my ideas on this thread have instantly caused you to call them implausible and ensue in debates betwen us that are pages long. And yet, you have posted more than a dozen events, with Glen happily accepting them without a second glance. See Below:

Actually, I have not accepted p99's all without a second glance. I've changed some, and rejected a few. However, by and large his have been both plausible and have either added flavor (this is a diverging world) or enhanced the main plot.

And I am trying to fit in those ideas of yours as best I can. You were the one who suggested a de Gaulle presidency in France, and I want to put that in. We couldn't without him becoming some sort of hero, really. P99 has actually been writing stuff that will place de Gaulle in that position.

Also, I am seriously trying to add whatever parts of your presidential line as seem appropriate, but that is an area a lot of people have opinions on, and I need to weigh them carefully.

You will also note that I kept asking you to defend the transfer of Micronesia to the US, not simply dismissing it outright. If we can find a plausible way to do it, I will. I don't have a problem with them becoming US possessions if we can make it plausible. We're working towards that, but not there yet, IMO.


So, what reasons do you have for any of these events to take place?

Mostly they add color.

[perdedor99]

The name of the Pope was Karol Jozef Wojtyla. Glen need to change the name. also I checked the TL and you eliminated two events in 1941. The start of the Ecuadorian-peruvian war and the use of airborne forces by the Peruvians.

[Glen]

Fine, then get rid of the thing about Korea. And you have just said "they have bigger fish to fry than the Micronesians". Same in this TTL, they have a growing Soviet threat. I think that they would find a trade of some Pacific Islands with minimal population (3 years of no Manchuko won't make too much of a difference) in exchange for being favored in trade deals and, likely covertly, being give some military aid, very favorable. And the US would likely see it in the same light as the Marshall Plan.

They can probably get all that without selling Micronesia....

[Glen]

luakel, I am still open to the concept of the US acquiring Micronesia, especially during a period of time when neither the US or Japan are League members.

But I need something credible. Starting a war between Japan and the US would be about the only credible one I can think of, but we went a different direction in the 1940s, one which actually benefits Germany by having the Soviets tied up. It would have been better to have the Japanese actually beat the Soviet Union, but no one gave me a plausible way to have that happen.

[Glen]

PS - I am seriously considering splitting the timeline, having one version with the trajectory we've already established, and one where there is a WWII analogue, but this time with the Poles launching a preemptive strike against Germany and the Soviets doing a deal with them, while the Japanese get involved in a war with the US similar to OTL. That fork of the timeline would have your islands going to America.

[perdedor99]

PS - I am seriously considering splitting the timeline, having one version with the trajectory we've already established, and one where there is a WWII analogue, but this time with the Poles launching a preemptive strike against Germany and the Soviets doing a deal with them, while the Japanese get involved in a war with the US similar to OTL. That fork of the timeline would have your islands going to America.

That could be the best approach. In a split TL, Japan could be stupid enough to try to fight the US if they have not suffered a crushing defeat like in the original TL . Hell, they were stupid in OTL! :D so the chances of having a war very close to OTL are very good.

[luakel]

PS - I am seriously considering splitting the timeline, having one version with the trajectory we've already established, and one where there is a WWII analogue, but this time with the Poles launching a preemptive strike against Germany and the Soviets doing a deal with them, while the Japanese get involved in a war with the US similar to OTL. That fork of the timeline would have your islands going to America.
That sounds like a good idea, Glen. Perhaps the TL with a WWII analouge could have Wilkie in '40?

[Glen]

I need a plausible POD from this timeline for Poland to actually attack Germany, but one where Germany will end up doing well.

[Glen]

I think we need the Democrats back in office in the late 1940s. That would put 'left' wing governments in Germany, UK, and USA at the same time, which should help with strengthening ties between the three nations.

[perdedor99]

I need a plausible POD from this timeline for Poland to actually attack Germany, but one where Germany will end up doing well.
Poland maybe got word of the plans of a creation of the Little Entente and feels surrounded. The German army ITTL is not very big. maybe about half or less than the size of the Werhmacht by 1938. Also a lot of the forces were being trained, except maybe for the veterans of the Austrian civil war but those ones also need to be trained to work as a team on their new units. Could be a good test of the will of the Weimar Republic. Even being forced to make a deal with the devil(Stalin) in order to survive. With this as a result IMO we would see Poland gone, a weaker Germany for the time being due to the casualties they suffered and the Soviets more involved in Europe,opening the way for Japan moving into a collision course with the US on the Pacific. Also with Germany dealing with the Soviets IMO the nations that created the Little Entente will be a little wary of dealing with them at the beginning.

[Glen]

Poland maybe got word of the plans of a creation of the Little Entente and feels surrounded. The German army ITTL is not very big. maybe about half or less than the size of the Werhmacht by 1938. Also a lot of the forces were being trained, except maybe for the veterans of the Austrian civil war but those ones also need to be trained to work as a team on their new units. Could be a good test of the will of the Weimar Republic. Even being forced to make a deal with the devil(Stalin) in order to survive. With this as a result IMO we would see Poland gone, a weaker Germany for the time being due to the casualties they suffered and the Soviets more involved in Europe,opening the way for Japan moving into a collision course with the US on the Pacific. Also with Germany dealing with the Soviets IMO the nations that created the Little Entente will be a little wary of dealing with them at the beginning.

I'd prefer a different sort of scenario.

Instead, I'd like to see something where the Poles and Soviets make a deal, and that draws in at least the British into the war on the German side.

[perdedor99]

So everyone agrees with Claude Pepper as President in 1948, assasinated by Puerto Ricans in New York in 1950 :rolleyes: and Truman will join the US to the League before 1952?

[perdedor99]

Should we close the 1940's them? Move on to the 1950's?

[luakel]

assasinated by Puerto Ricans in New York in 1950 :rolleyes:
What's so wrong with that? :confused:

[Glen]

So everyone agrees with Claude Pepper as President in 1948, assasinated by Puerto Ricans in New York in 1950 :rolleyes: and Truman will join the US to the League before 1952?

I think so.

Wendell, luakel, Oth, anyone else interested, what do you think?

I hate doing that to poor Claude, but it feels like it will work best.

[Othniel]

I don't think the democrats would get elected when its the Republicians with the record of ending the depression behind them...

[luakel]

I don't think the democrats would get elected when its the Republicians with the record of ending the depression behind them...
No they wouldn't. The Depression was over by the time Vandenburg became pres.

[Glen]

I don't think the democrats would get elected when its the Republicians with the record of ending the depression behind them...

Well, that will be debatable. And we can posit some sort of domestic agenda that would sway the elections. Or even have a small recession hit during Vandenberg's second term for just long enough to bring back in the Democrats.

[Glen]

I need some more time to work on the 40s, but soon...

[Othniel]

Well, that will be debatable. And we can posit some sort of domestic agenda that would sway the elections. Or even have a small recession hit during Vandenberg's second term for just long enough to bring back in the Democrats.
I need a definable reasons, and Lukeal the depression was still ongoing in Roosevelt's third term.

[luakel]

Lukeal the depression was still ongoing in Roosevelt's third term.
No it wasn't. By 1940, the depression had effectively ended. If Vandenberg had been elected, he would not have been known as "The President who ended the Depression".

[Glen]

I need a definable reasons, and Lukeal the depression was still ongoing in Roosevelt's third term.

Second term.

[Glen]

No it wasn't. By 1940, the depression had effectively ended. If Vandenberg had been elected, he would not have been known as "The President who ended the Depression".

IOTL it was ending due to war orders from Europe.

[luakel]

IOTL it was ending due to war orders from Europe.
Yes, but even without the war, the economy would have greatly improved.

[Glen]

QUOTE (Wendell @ Sep 3 2005, 09:10 PM)
QUOTE (Glen Finney @ Sep 3 2005, 07:54 PM)
QUOTE (perdedor99)
So everyone agrees with Claude Pepper as President in 1948, assasinated by Puerto Ricans in New York in 1950 and Truman will join the US to the League before 1952?



I think so.

Wendell, luakel, Oth, anyone else interested, what do you think?

I hate doing that to poor Claude, but it feels like it will work best.


I was ready to let Claude live out both terms.


Nice of you, but who is more likely to take a more internationalist turn and be better (not great, I know) for civil rights? Truman or Pepper?

[Wendell]

QUOTE (Wendell @ Sep 3 2005, 09:10 PM)
QUOTE (Glen Finney @ Sep 3 2005, 07:54 PM)
QUOTE (perdedor99)
So everyone agrees with Claude Pepper as President in 1948, assasinated by Puerto Ricans in New York in 1950 and Truman will join the US to the League before 1952?



I think so.

Wendell, luakel, Oth, anyone else interested, what do you think?

I hate doing that to poor Claude, but it feels like it will work best.


I was ready to let Claude live out both terms.


Nice of you, but who is more likely to take a more internationalist turn and be better (not great, I know) for civil rights? Truman or Pepper?
The nice thing about Pepper is that we don't know. I'm expecting a less Civil Rights oriented Dem. Party than was the case in OTL.

[DuQuense]

just got back to reading Wiemar

DQ
Thru the German Autobahn spelled the coming of the auto, Without the WW2, High speed Steam Powered Passenger trains would have continued, Delaying the growth of the Automobile society by several years.


Glen Finney
Why does avoiding WW2 lead to this? I'm not quite following here.

There were several new very high speed Trains just ready to go into service, when WW2 started. Unlike the Shrouded Locomotives, these were being designed Streamlined from the beginning . The Factories turned instead to war Materials, by the time the war ended, the diesels [Slower but cheaper] were pulling the passenger trains, as well as the freight trains, No war and the competition [killed by the railroad boards (all Countries) during the war] for Passenger Speed Trains Continues.

?Why brother with a 8 hour auto trip?, with a chance of Transmission and Spring problems, when a high speed train can do it in two hours. And in Europe where the Cities are closer...........

[Glen]

just got back to reading Wiemar






There were several new very high speed Trains just ready to go into service, when WW2 started. Unlike the Shrouded Locomotives, these were being designed Streamlined from the beginning . The Factories turned instead to war Materials, by the time the war ended, the diesels [Slower but cheaper] were pulling the passenger trains, as well as the freight trains, No war and the competition [killed by the railroad boards (all Countries) during the war] for Passenger Speed Trains Continues.

?Why brother with a 8 hour auto trip?, with a chance of Transmission and Spring problems, when a high speed train can do it in two hours. And in Europe where the Cities are closer...........

Okay, I'd love that, but can you write some events with specific dates showing that development?

[DuQuense]

. And a successful President VP almost always win the election. Only ones I can recall since 1932 has been Nixon in 1960, and that one was a squeaker, with the dead voting in Chicago. and Gore.

Actuarially I believe it is the other way,, Few VP's have ever ran and been elected. ?Wasn't Bush only the second or third to make it?

[Wendell]

Actuarially I believe it is the other way,, Few VP's have ever ran and been elected. ?Wasn't Bush only the second or third to make it?
It is a rather recent phenomenon that incumbent Veeps snatch the nod, and then gon on to win the race.

[DuQuense]

The nice thing about Pepper is that we don't know. I'm expecting a less Civil Rights oriented Dem. Party than was the case in OTL.

OTL FDR pulled many Blacks away from their traditional place in the Republican party [Don't that sound odd to todays ears] but by 1960 many blacks were returning to the Republicans, Then during the 1960 elections MLK was in jail and JFK went to visit him, When asked about this Nixon said something like "My record on Civil Rights Speaks for itself, I don't have to visit jails, for people to know where I stand"

The Democrats carried the Blacks in 1960, again in '64, and have held them since,

A different election..........

[Wendell]

OTL FDR pulled many Blacks away from their traditional place in the Republican party [Don't that sound odd to todays ears] but by 1960 many blacks were returning to the Republicans, Then during the 1960 elections MLK was in jail and JFK went to visit him, When asked about this Nixon said something like "My record on Civil Rights Speaks for itself, I don't have to visit jails, for people to know where I stand"

The Democrats carried the Blacks in 1960, again in '64, and have held them since,

A different election..........
But FDR had done next to nothing for civil rights as President.

[Glen]

Civil rights is why we had Vandy.


How so? What was Vandenburg's record on civil rights?

[Wendell]

How so? What was Vandenburg's record on civil rights?
I don't actually know, but I know that some of his views began to change on some things in the 1940's in OTL.

[luakel]

But FDR had done next to nothing for civil rights as President.
True, but he did make some promises that likely would've been carried out if he had lived past the war.

[Wendell]

True, but he did make some promises that likely would've been carried out if he had lived past the war.
So did Kennedy, but both men were politicians to the core, and as such, they would not have to keep such promises. Besides, the solid South had been firmly behind FDR. Why would he risk losing them?

[luakel]

So did Kennedy, but both men were politicians to the core, and as such, they would not have to keep such promises. Besides, the solid South had been firmly behind FDR. Why would he risk losing them?
Yes, but in both cases, the promises were enough to sway voters.

[Wendell]

Yes, but in both cases, the promises were enough to sway voters.
Kennedy died before making second-term promises. When did FDR make such promises publicly?

[luakel]

Kennedy died before making second-term promises. When did FDR make such promises publicly?
Well, I forget where I read it, but I do remember that he made such promises (though I don't think he did publicly). Why does it matter?

[Wendell]

Well, I forget where I read it, but I do remember that he made such promises (though I don't think he did publicly). Why does it matter?
You're the one making a deal about it. My point is that he wasn't the crusader of Civil Rights that people like to make him out to be.

[Othniel]

If Claude goes on a civil rights route that causes the democrat party to divide... :eek: Dixicrats!

[luakel]

You're the one making a deal about it. My point is that he wasn't the crusader of Civil Rights that people like to make him out to be.
Agreed. All I was saying was that he did make some promises, even if he didn't mean to actually fulfill them.

[Glen]

If Claude goes on a civil rights route that causes the democrat party to divide... :eek: Dixicrats!

Not Claude Pepper...Truman.

[luakel]

If Claude goes on a civil rights route that causes the democrat party to divide... :eek: Dixicrats!
That could make the 1952 election very interesting...

[Wendell]

Agreed. All I was saying was that he did make some promises, even if he didn't mean to actually fulfill them.
But, he never promised the masses that he would do these things.

[luakel]

But, he never promised the masses that he would do these things.
I'm not saying that he did...

Can we please get back on topic?

[Wendell]

This is not part of the topic?

[luakel]

This is not part of the topic?
Well, it is, but it has denegrated into an argument about OTL. So,do you think that not having FDR in office for two more terms would lead to less Democrat blacks?

[Wendell]

Well, it is, but it has denegrated into an argument about OTL. So,do you think that not having FDR in office for two more terms would lead to less Democrat blacks?
I think that possibilty exists, yes.

[Glen]

I've got an idea, and luakel, a bit of a twist inspired by your comments...

I'm thinking that maybe the Great Depression ITTL wasn't as bad as OTL, somewhat due to the fact that there was one more major economy to help in the recovery than OTL...namely the German Republic. The Nazis inherited a recovering economy somewhat, but then blew it on too much military spending (though they also hid the fact), and the greater mistrust of Nazi Germany somewhat hindered international trade (for example, helium...). So, in this one, the Great Depression while bad, isn't as bad, and the recovery in the USA is clearly underway by the 1939/1940 - maybe another reason FDR doesn't seek another term, not only now without a war in Europe to deal with, but also basically having accomplished the great work of restoring the US economy (or seeing that it now will recover), he feels he can rest and follow tradition.

Now, Wendell Wilkie was a Democrat, but with an axe to grind regarding FDR and the TVA. However, with FDR not running for a third term, he decides to stay in the Democratic party and plays the same games at the Democratic Convention as he did the Republican Convention OLT, and wins the nomination. However, despite the fact that the Great Depression is abating under the outgoing FDR administration, Wilkie doesn't have the same ability to pull off nationwide what he accomplished at the convention, and further, he will not be able to cash in on all that New Deal good will. Thus wins Vandenburg, but Vandenburg won't be seen as the one who ended the Great Depression. He'll do well enough during his tenure in office, but by the end of his second term, there will be a minor recession, but enough for people to think that maybe having the Depression busting Democrats back in office would be a good thing, paving the way for a Pepper victory over VP Taft.

What do y'all think?

[luakel]

Well, in the TL with a Polish-German and Japan-USA war, could Wilkie win, but have Taft win in '44 and '48? (after all, Wilkie died in 1944)

[Glen]

Well, in the TL with a Polish-German and Japan-USA war, could Wilkie win, but have Taft win in '44 and '48? (after all, Wilkie died in 1944)

I have trouble seeing how Wilkie wins in any timeline. Anyone have a good answer as to how Wilkie could win a General Election?

[Wendell]

I have trouble seeing how Wilkie wins in any timeline. Anyone have a good answer as to how Wilkie could win a General Election?
Have the guy he was running against rife with Scandal?

[Wendell]

I've got an idea, and luakel, a bit of a twist inspired by your comments...

I'm thinking that maybe the Great Depression ITTL wasn't as bad as OTL, somewhat due to the fact that there was one more major economy to help in the recovery than OTL...namely the German Republic. The Nazis inherited a recovering economy somewhat, but then blew it on too much military spending (though they also hid the fact), and the greater mistrust of Nazi Germany somewhat hindered international trade (for example, helium...). So, in this one, the Great Depression while bad, isn't as bad, and the recovery in the USA is clearly underway by the 1939/1940 - maybe another reason FDR doesn't seek another term, not only now without a war in Europe to deal with, but also basically having accomplished the great work of restoring the US economy (or seeing that it now will recover), he feels he can rest and follow tradition.

Now, Wendell Wilkie was a Democrat, but with an axe to grind regarding FDR and the TVA. However, with FDR not running for a third term, he decides to stay in the Democratic party and plays the same games at the Democratic Convention as he did the Republican Convention OLT, and wins the nomination. However, despite the fact that the Great Depression is abating under the outgoing FDR administration, Wilkie doesn't have the same ability to pull off nationwide what he accomplished at the convention, and further, he will not be able to cash in on all that New Deal good will. Thus wins Vandenburg, but Vandenburg won't be seen as the one who ended the Great Depression. He'll do well enough during his tenure in office, but by the end of his second term, there will be a minor recession, but enough for people to think that maybe having the Depression busting Democrats back in office would be a good thing, paving the way for a Pepper victory over VP Taft.

What do y'all think?
I still want California VPs for Vandy.

[Othniel]

Illinious is where he should look for a VP...according to the numbers.

[Glen]

Have the guy he was running against rife with Scandal?

Such as? ITTL he's still likely to be facing either Vandenburg, Taft, or Dewey.

[Wendell]

Illinious is where he should look for a VP...according to the numbers.
At the time, I suppose you're right.

[Glen]

I still want California VPs for Vandy.

Who do you want, exactly?

[Wendell]

Such as? ITTL he's still likely to be facing either Vandenburg, Taft, or Dewey.
Well, Wilkie got the nod in OTL, so the challenge is the General Election.

[Wendell]

Who do you want, exactly?
In 1940, I want McNary, and Warren in 1944.

[Glen]

Illinious is where he should look for a VP...according to the numbers.

Who, Vandenburg?

Well, actually Everett Dirksen sounds like a guy that could be of real use in this timeline later on. Maybe a VP spot in 1940, then he resigns for the same health issues in 1946, replaced by Taft. Later makes a successful bid in his own right for the presidency with his higher profile from being VP?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everett_McKinley_Dirksen

[Glen]

In 1940, I want McNary, and Warren in 1944.

I thought you wanted McNary, but he was from Oregon, so you confused me.

Warren is still an interesting choice, as well. And yes, he is from California, as you alluded to.

[Othniel]

Who, Vandenburg?

Well, actually Everett Dirksen sounds like a guy that could be of real use in this timeline later on. Maybe a VP spot in 1940, then he resigns for the same health issues in 1946, replaced by Taft. Later makes a successful bid in his own right for the presidency with his higher profile from being VP?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everett_McKinley_Dirksen
My 1948 Republician choice for VP was from Illinious. ;)

[Glen]

I have not forgotten you all, but r/l is seriously crimping the time I can spend on organizing and editting the next iteration of the timeline.

Hopefully I'll have some more stuff up tomorrow.

[Glen]

Still busy, but after some further study, it seems to me likely that the British will do a partition of Palestine with a Jewish homeland ITTL. Here is my proposed map of a slightly different Peel Commission result and report. I propose that this will be the partition.

[Glen]

However I still don't believe the Jewish people would settle for that since the lands in the south of Israel are actually Judean territory and should be under Israel and the north should be arab.


True, but ITTL the British aren't fighting WWII, and the plan included shifting populations as needed (yikes!). So I would think that the partition might go through with a bit more muscle than OTL, with the British lingering long enough to enforce it for at least the first few years. What happens afterwards would be interesting.

[Glen]

I've been thinking about the possible divergent scenario with a WWII analogue.

What if Mussolini didn't accept the German intervention in Austria, or rather, the subsequent Anschluss?

What if instead, he had made secret alliance with Hungary and Poland to declare war on Germany. Beck in Poland probably would have brokered this. I would also see Poland and Hugary having a side agreement to invade and divvy up Czechoslovakia as well.

So, the war starts with Germany (and Czechoslovakia?) against the arrayed forces of Poland, Hungary and Italy. France stays neutral, enjoying the carnage between her great competitors to the East, while the UK is technically neutral but supporting Germany overall. Yugoslavia has been bullied into allowing Hungary and Italy rights of passage. Romania is also remaining neutral at this point. The Soviets are neutral, but beginning to see some possibilities for land grabs, and start moving forces and commanders (ie Zhukov) from the Far East to their Western border. Then Nomanhan happens, and is still a technical victory for the Soviets, but not as much as OTL, and it just pisses off the Japanese, who are regrouping and planning a counterstrike. Now Stalin has to start moving back those forces to cover his rear.

I figure the Germans reel at first under the initial onslaught, but not too badly. None of the enemies arrayed against them has developed the blitzkrieg concept or a good understanding of war of maneuver. Then the Germans teach them the concept the hard way.

As the German counter-offensive begins to pay dividends against Poland and Hungary (Italy they have the Alps interfering, so not so effective), the Yugoslavs surprise the Axis by declaring for Germany and cutting up the forces transitting through their nation. Maybe when things are beginning to look really bad for Poland, the Lithuanians declare for Germany and move in to retake Central Lithuania. The Soviets too declare against the Axis and try to grab some of Poland and Hungary, but due to the brewing trouble on the Japanese front, they are out of position and only make token gains.

So maybe the Soviets and Japanese will get into a real match out in Manchuria. Or maybe the Japanese get in just one more battle that teaches them not to mess with the Soviets, and they turn their eyes towards the US, where Roosevelt has decided to run for a third term. And so maybe after the German-Axis war, and the Soviet-Japanese conflict, we have a Pacific War....

[Glen]

A repeat of the last iteration of the main timeline.

1920
March 13, 1920 Reichstag member Wolfgang Kapp makes an impassioned speech on the floor of the Reichstag protesting the end of pay to Freicorps members. He warns that many more actions like this could lead to a nationwide Putsch. (OTL Kapp was one of the leaders of the Kapp Putsch.)
March 14, 1920 Central Schleswig votes over 80% in favor of reunification with Germany.
March 20, 1920 A NSDAP sympathizer within the Reichswehr blows the whistle on up and comer within the party, Adolf Hitler, who is revealed to be a Reichswehr spy.
March 31, 1920 Alleged Reichswehr spy Adolf Hitler mustered out of the Reichswehr, and is reported to return to his native Austria.
April 10, 1920 Government stops paying Freikorps units.
May 9, 1920 Hilter joins the Heimwehr in Austria.
June 20, 1920 Elections for the Reichstag result in significant gains for the DVP and DNVP, minor loses for the SPD. Chancellor Gustav Bauer (SPD) forms a new grand coalition government and reorganizes the cabinet; making Gustav Stresemann (DVP) Foreign Minister.
August 11, 1920 National Disarmament Law takes effect; disbanded civil guards.
August 19, 1920 Second Silesia Uprising, French troops do little to control the situation.

1921
January 16, 1921 Aristide Briand becomes Prime Minister of France, begins shortly thereafter discussions with German Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann regarding reparations.
March 21, 1921 Plebiscite held in Upper Silesia. They vote to remain part of Germany.
May 3, 1921 Polish forces under Wojciech Korfantry invade Upper Silesia.
May 4, 1921 Stresemann gets Briand’s France to enforce the rule of law in Upper Silesia, the Poles are required to leave.
July 1, 1921 Tentative agreement is reached for more favorable reparation payments by Germany, mostly due to the growing respect between Briand and Stresemann.
July 11, 1921 NSDAP under Anton Drexler votes to join Julius Streicher’s DSP.

1922
January 15, 1922 Stresemann secures loans to German government allowing Reichsmark to be fixed to a gold standard.
April 16, 1922 Treaty of Rapallo signed between Germany and the Soviet Union.
July 21, 1922 High inflation begins in Austria. The gold standard based German Reichsmark is little affected.
October 27, 1922 Benito Mussolini establishes his Fascist dictatorship in Italy.

1923
March 13, 1923 Adolf Hitler, inspired by the example of Benito Mussolini, starts a more political wing of the Heimwehr, centered on the Pan-Germanic faction of the paramilitary group.
June 3, 1923 After new elections for the Reichstag, Gustav Stresemann becomes Chancellor of a center-right coalition government. He retains the portfolio of Foreign Minister.

1924
February 28, 1924 Reichspresident Friedrich Ebert makes first visit of a German head of state to Great Britain since the war.
November 22, 1924 Strasser wing of DSP goes into rebellion over Streicher’s leadership.
December 1, 1924 Locarno Treaty signed.

1925
January 14, 1925 Germany enters the League of Nations.
September 10, 1925 Germany successfully lobbies for a referendum in the Memel region, and they vote in favor of reunification with Germany.
October 3, 1925 Committee announces that the Nobel Peace Prize will be awarded to Austen Chamberlain, Aristide Briand, and Gustav Stresemann for the Locarno treaty.

1926
February 14, 1926 Bamberg conference begins.
April 24, 1926 Germany and Soviet Union sign Berlin Treaty.
June 3, 1926 Friedrich Ebert narrowly wins re-election on the second ballot when the right rallies from a poor showing in the first round by drafting General Paul von Hindenburg as their candidate in the second round.

1927
June 3, 1927 General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck made Army Chief of Staff.
November 9, 1927 Chancellor Stresemann concludes Treaty of Munich with Czechoslovakia formally recognizing the border between Germany and Czechoslovakia in return for concessions to the German minority in the Sudetenland, including recognition of German as an official language of Czechoslovakia and a minimum number of spots in the Czech cabinet for ethnic Germans.

1928
February 3, 1928 The Simon Commission lands in Bombay. The first of many boycotts organized by the Indian National Congress occurs.
October 24, 1928 Chancellor Gustav Stresemann dies of a massive heart attack. Hermann Mueller forms grand coalition government and replaces him as Chancellor.

1929
December 10, 1929 The collapse of the stock exchange in New York City starts a world economic collapse.

1930
March 12 1930 Gandhi starts his march to protest the salt tax law.
June 30, 1930 Hermann Mueller leaves office when his own party (SPD) abandons the coalition. Center right coalition forms with Center party leader Heinrich Bruening as Chancellor.
July 4 1930 Lord Irwin, after meeting with members of the governing Labour Party in London, announces a round table will be created to discuss India’s constitutional progress to achieve Dominion status.
October 24, 1930 Coup d'état in Brazil replaces Washington Luis with populist Gen. Getúlio Vargas. Vargas embarks on a path of social reformism to attempt to reconcile radically diverging interests. Reflecting the influence of the tenentes, he even advocated a program of social welfare and reform with striking parallel to New Deal in the United States. Vargas develops a "a legal hybrid" between the regimes of Mussolini's Italy and Salazar's Portuguese Estado Novo, copying repressive fascist tactics, and conveying their same rejection of liberal capitalism, but attains power baring few indications of his future quasi-fascist polices. With a new constitution drafted with extensive influence from European fascist models, Vargas begins reining in even moderate trade unions and turning against the tenentes. His further concessions to the latifundios pushes him toward an alliance with the Integralists, Brazil's mobilized fascist movement.
November 12 1930 The first round table meetings on India show the differences between the Muslims and the Hindus. The Hindus wanted a strong central government while the Muslims wanted a loose confederation. Also the Sikhs want a Sikh nation in Punjab.

1931
January 12th 1931 The first round table meetings on India end. What emerges is an agreement to safe guard minorities in the constitution and the creation of a weak federal government to appease the Muslim delegates.
March 5 1931 Second round table meetings on India begin. Gandhi misses the meetings due to health reasons and the Congress representatives agree on the basis of a communal settlement for India. On the return to India of the delegates, Gandhi disavows their actions in London. This divides the Indian National Congress party. The Gandhi faction starts civil disobedience but the division of their party shows they are not the representatives of the whole Indian people.
June 1, 1931 Three million unemployed reported in Germany.
June 20, 1931 Herbert Hoover puts moratorium on reparations.
August 11, 1931 Austrian Kreditanstalt collapses.
September 13, 1931 The German bank crisis occurs.
September 20, 1931 Alfred Hugenberg made leader of DNVP by narrow margin.
October 11, 1931 Attempts to form a coalition between DNVP, Stahlhelm, DSP, and the Strasser splinter group fail. DNVP decides to stay in the government for the time being.

1932

March 5, 1932 Julius Streicher, leader of the DSP, high profile arrest on obsenity and perversion charges. The trial stretching through much of 1932 is a nadir for the far right.
April 20, 1932 Darkhorse candidate Carl Friedrich Goerdeler successfully challenges Alfred Hugenberg for leadership of the DNVP. Vows the DNVP will stay the course with the current government.
December 25, 1932 Constitutional rule is restored in Chile. Arturo Fortunato Alessandri Palma, a member of the Liberal Party, becomes president of Chile, serving until 1938.

1933
March 31, 1933 A conservative coup d’etat topples the socialist government of Uruguay. The socialist reform leaders are either assassinated or fled into exile, and a Conservative dictatorship begins. The Colorado party turns further to the left during the dictatorship years.
April 10, 1933 Friedrich Ebert loses badly in the second round of elections against center right consensus candidate and war hero Reichswehr Chief of Staff Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck. Former President Ebert in his concession speech calls for a peaceful transition, which by and large happens.
August 5 1933 The Government of India Act of 1933 announced and will be implemented by 1935.
August 7, 1933 DNVP leader Carl Friedrich Goerdeler becomes Chancellor of Germany.
October 23, 1933 Letter from Ludwig Erhard regarding economic reform so impresses Chancellor Goerdeler that he brings the man onto his staff as an advisor.

1934
February 12, 1934 Kummersdorf becomes the base for military rocket research.
March 21, 1934 Adolf Hitler’s Heimwehr faction begins a civil war after refusing to join Engelbert Dolfuss’s Fatherland Front (clerical faction of the Heimwehr joins the Fatherland Front, but is in the minority due to the recruitment efforts of the Charismatic Hitler). Several extremist volunteers from both Germany and Czechoslovakia swarm over the border to join the conflict in the early days. Socialists in Vienna take advantage of the chaos and take over the capitol, but can’t make progress very far from the city. With the onset of the Austrian Civil War, Albert Einstein leaves Austria, immigrating to Germany.
May 5, 1934 League of Nations declares a weapons embargo of all sides in the Austrian Civil War, which is promptly violated by both the Soviets and Italians. The Italians are secretly sending aid to both the Hitler and Dolfuss factions.
July 2, 1934 Former General Paul von Hindenburg dies, and Germany is thrown into a state of mourning that rivals that after the death of Chancellor Stresemann.
July 16, 1934 A new constitution is enacted in Brazil. The Vargas government claims that the corporatist provisions of the constitution of 1934 will unite all classes in mutual interests—its stated purpose (but not always actual) in Fascist Italy.
1935
January 13, 1935 Saarland votes over 90% to reunite with Germany.
May 20, 1935 Under pressure from Great Britain and with worsening economic problems domestically, France acquiesces to ‘limited’ German rearmament. Afterward, the rapid ‘development’ of the Reichswehr makes previous German covert rearming apparent, but the Great Powers turn a blind eye to this.
June 3, 1935 Brazilian politics has been drastically destabilized. Vargas' attention focuses on the rise of two nationally based and highly ideological European-style movements, both committed to European-style mass-mobilization: one pro-Communist and the other pro-fascist—one linked to Moscow and the other to Rome.
July 8, 1935 The Dominion of India is created. Subhas Bose is named Prime Minister with Mohammed Ali Jinnah as second in command. An Indian parliament is created but British institutions and borders are maintained for the time being. The Indian National Party reunifies but they admit their failure in getting the support of the Muslims, but the two rival parties made impossible the continued existence of this arrangement.
August 30, 1935 Token military force enters the Rhineland. The French government proclaims this as a great victory as the German force is not even enough to defend the Rhineland, much less threaten France. The German government point to this as the full restoration of German sovereignty and the return of Germany as a full member of the international family of nations.
October 3, 1935 Italian troops invade Abyssinia.
November 13, 1935 While the Austrian civil war has so far accomplished little except have several notable extremists of the age die gloriously in battle, Hitler makes a bold speech by radio from an undisclosed location, calling for the unification of Germans in Germany and Czechoslovakia with Austria. The speech is only heard in the local area of the broadcast.

1936
May 30, 1936 Italy annexes Abyssinia after a year long war which includes the use of mustard gas. By the end of June, after League condemnation of the annexation, Italy leaves the League of Nations.
July 10, 1936 The Spanish Civil War begins.
September 1, 1936 ‘Red’ Vienna falls to a Fatherland Front attack to regain the capital, but Hitler’s faction then attacks the exsanguinated forces of Dolfuss; the city will be a divided war-zone for the rest of the conflict.
August 16, 1936 Closing Ceremonies of the 1936 Berlin Olympics. The event is a showcase of the German Republic. President Lettow-Vorbeck hosted a number of his former Askari in Berlin, allowed by London to travel from Tanzania for the event. Later, a photo in Time magazine of the German President congratulating Jesse Owens with the Askari at his side leads the KKK in the American South to denounce the German leader.
September 20, 1936 Germany and the West, fed up with the chaos in Austria and now civil war in Spain, agree to allow German intervention in Austria. With the knock-out of the Socialists from the war, French Prime Minister Leon Blum sees little reason to hinder a Republican Germany from intervening, as the success of either of the remaining two factions would be undesirable. German troops stream over the border and overall are greeted as saviors by the war weary Austrians.
October 21, 1936 Hitler, rather than surrendering, commits suicide in his hideout in the mountains. Nearly all the Dolfuss and Hitler faction forces have surrendered to the rapidly advancing Germans, often without a fight. The few die-hard units are quickly dispatched by the Reichswehr. Dolfuss retires from politicis.
December 9, 1936 After a few months of diplomacy, Italy acquiesces to German occupation and a vote on Anschluss after the German government agrees to recognize the possession of the South Tyrol by Italy.

1937
February 14, 1937 The Austrians hold a referendum overwhelmingly supporting unification with Germany. Though the Treaty of Saint Germaine forbade Austria from political or economic union with Germany, Germany points out that they were not party to that agreement, and that the Austrian government had essentially ceased to exist. World sentiment seems to favor the unification.
March 15, 1937 Stalin, concerned about the close ties that developed between Soviet military officers and the Germans during the years of cooperation in the 1920s, launches a purge of the Red Army that will last the year, essentially crippling the Red Army for the next several years.
March 9, 1937 Completion of move of military rocket research to Peenemünde (on the recommendation of Werner von Braun). Kummersdorf converted over to military applications of atomic research, involving not only several German physicists, but also many Hungarian scientists who have immigrated to Germany to escape the repressive regime in Hungary.
April 12, 1937 Italy and Hungary form a mutual defense pact, called the Rome-Budapest Axis by Mussolini.
July 24, 1937 Germany proposes in the League of Nations a referendum on Danzig and the Polish Corridor. Poland at first is against the idea.
August 20, 1937 Poland, thinking they could win a referendum that includes both the Kassubian populated Polish corridor and the German Danzig, and noting that a significant portion of the Reichswehr is still in Austria, gamble and announce their willingness for the vote to happen, but that it must occur by mid September. Germany agrees.
September 10, 1937 Less than a week before the Polish Corridor referendum, the Reichstag approves sweeping minority rights legislation. This will be the keystone to a wave of radio broadcast German campaign to win over Kashubians to the German Republic. Emphasis is also placed in the broadcasts on Sorbs, another Slavic group living within the Republic who have done well, as well as making distinction between the Kashubians and the Poles.
September 15, 1937 The Polish Corridor referendum, though fraught with fraud on both sides, shows a majority in favor of unification with the German Republic. Very high turnout in Danzig is one factor; another is the substantial minority of Kashubian voters who also vote for unification with Germany. While the German minority legislation and 11th hour campaign are believed to have been important factors, most historians believe the deciding factors were actually the stability in recent years of the German government and their substantially better economic performance during the Great Depression than most nations in Europe and indeed the world.
September 16, 1937 When the result of the referendum starts to become clear, Poland repudiates it as rigged and begins to move troops into the region as a ‘stabilizing measure’. However, within hours of the Polish actions, heavy German troop movement is reported all along the border with Germany, many being identified as troops believed to be in Austria, and even the Czechs appear to be mobilizing. Fearing a general invasion is about to occur, Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły begins to redeploy troops to hold off a large scale invasion and protect the capitol and key industrial centers.
September 17, 1937 In the predawn hours the Germans strike as expected in the Polish Corridor, but in an unexpected manner. Paratroops land throughout the narrow corridor, within the lines of the Polish forces in the region. The surprise move throws the Polish forces there into disarray, which then is taken advantage of by German troops moving in from Germany proper and East Germany. The German Chancellor announces that the intention of the Germans is to only enforce the will of the people in the recent referendum. Rydz-Śmigły refuses offers of assistance from the Soviets.
September 25, 1937 The leaders of France and Great Britain meet with the Germans in Hamburg to discuss the Polish Crisis. By this time, Polish troops have been expelled from the narrow Polish Corridor, allowing the formation of a continuous defensive line between now linked East Prussia and the rest of Germany. Despite Marshal Rydz-Śmigły’s continued belief that the Germans will launch a full out assault, the Germans and Czechs have taken up defensive positions only and no further incursions into Poland have occurred. The entire threatened invasion was an enormous bluff playing on Polish fears which tied down the bulk of their battle ready troops. After personal assurances by President Lettow-Vorbeck himself, the British and French agree to support the annexation of the Polish Corridor to Germany in return for Germany finally accepting the rest of their Eastern border with Poland and allowing liberal access through to the Baltic for Polish businesses. With no support from the West, and fear of the Soviets, the Poles feel no choice but to tacitly accept what they refer to as ‘the selling out of Poland’.
October 1, 1937 Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain returns in triumph to London announcing that they shall have ‘peace in our time’ and that ‘President Lettow-Vorbeck is an honorable man who we may trust to keep his word, both for himself and his nation’.
November 10, 1937 Vargas, ruling by decree, makes a broadcast to the people of Brazil in which he states his plans to assume dictatorial powers under the second new constitution of his regime derived from European fascist models, thereby curtailing presidential elections (his ultimate objections) and dissolving congress.
November 17, 1937 Under the Estado Novo, the Brazilian state announces an ambitious Five-Year Plan whose goals included the expansion of heavy industry, the creation of new sources of hydroelectric power, and the expansion of the railway network to develop Brazil's capital base. Empirical data will confirm that Vargas is advancing the bourgeois revolution, at least to an extent.


1938
May 1, 1938 On a date possibly chosen for irony, then nations of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Germany, and Czechoslovakia announce a Northern European Alliance to defend against Communism, the Soviets particularly, and other threats to their nations. Quietly, Great Britain has given assurances of support for the group as well.
July 14, 1938 First jet airplane flight occurs at Heinkel Field.
September 5, 1938 Aware of the need of modern industry for abundant sources of power, Brazilian leader Vargas creates the National Petroleum Company to search for oil.
December 25, 1938 Pedro Aguirre Cerda of the Popular Front is elected president of Chile. He implements education reforms, but dies in 1941 while in office.

1939
January 13, 1939 Nuclear Fission discovered by Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and coworkers at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institute for Chemistry in Berlin.
February 9, 1939 Bulgaria joins the Axis ‘Pact of Steel’ with Italy and Hungary.
April 17, 1939 Italy attacks Albania, taking control of the small nation in the name of King Victor Emmanuel III.
June 23, 1939 The Nationalists have taken Madrid, and Franco declares victory, becoming the Fascist dictator of Spain.
November 4, 1939 Start of the Yugoslavian Crisis. Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria invade Yugoslavia, threatening to completely partition the country. Within days Yugoslavia stands on the brink of collapse. German forces in German Austria mobilize all along the border, and the British demand that the Italians meet for mediation.
October 1, 1939 The Trieste Conference results in Italy and her allies being forced by Germany and the UK to accept token concessions (mostly some Dalmatian coast and islands for Italy, and strips of adjacent land to the borders of Hungary and Bulgaria, though overall Yugoslavia will be spared from disassembly).

1940
January 14, 1940 Brazil's manufacturing output has increased substantially over the decade, but coffee production has declined. As a result, to further placate the forces of the old order, the government between 1934-37 and under the Estado Novo also has invested considerably in the expansion of coffee production. Coffee is also the principal foreign exchange export earner.
May 12, 1940 Presidential and Reichstag elections held. President Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck in his second election becomes the first President of the Republic to win a majority on the first ballot. With the addition of Catholic Austria to the Republic, the Center party and its allied minor parties are winners as well, and the new Center Party leader Konrad Adenauer becomes Chancellor of Germany (though still in a center-right coalition government).
September 1, 1940 Hungary launches a war against Romania over Transylvania. Their allies the Bulgarians simultaneously attack into Dobruja.
September 24, 1940 The Romanians were doing well against the Italian supported Hungarians and Bulgarians when the Soviets launch a surprise action into Bessarabia. Shortly thereafter, the Romanians are forced to cede Bessarabia to the Soviets in order to save their nation from them and return their attentions to the Hungarians and Bulgarians.
October 24, 1940 Much progress has been made in Brazil since Vargas came to power ten years ago. Cement production increases to 700,000 tons from 87,000 tons in October 24, 1930. Brazil's capacity for electricity generation reachs 1 million kilowatts, of which 60 percent was located in the São Paulo area, primarily due to the construction of hydroelectric power stations. Iron and steel output went up to 150,000 tons in 1939-40. The number of manufacturing enterprises more than double during the decade leading up to this date, reaching 50,000. Factories in the São Paulo area employ 35 percent of the industrial labor force and generate 43 percent of the value of industrial production. Aside from the export of textiles, the manufacturing industries serve the domestic market almost exclusively. Brazil has 44,100 plants employing 944,000 workers; the comparable figure for December 31, 1920 was 13,336 plants with about 300,000 workers.
November 5, 1940 Arthur Vandenberg elected President of the United States of America.

1941
February 19, 1941 Communist activist Ho Chi Minh returns to Vietnam after 30 years in exile and organizes a nationalist organization named the Viet Minh.
June 1, 1941 As relations with Japan remain strained, and Europe seems more risky, Stalin begins secret military build up on the Manchurian-Soviet and the Mongolian-Manchurian border, with Sergei Zhukov in command.
July 30, 1941 By the end of the month 30 Russian divisions are in the Far East, the Soviets have an advantage 2:1 in men, 4:1 in tanks and vehicles and 3:1 in aircrafts.
August 9th 1941 The Second Russo-Japanese war starts. The Soviets launch a two front attack with the city of Harbin as their first goal.
August 12, 1941 At the Battle of Vladivostsk, the Soviet Far East Fleet’s attempt to escape is foiled and the majority of the fleet is destroyed.
August 16th 1941 Peruvian forces capture Cuenca after heavy fighting. Both sides are exhausted and both sides agree a cease-fire. But secret pledges by the Colombian government that they will join the conflict helps the Ecuadorians to break the cease fire on September 10th 1941 after the arrival of Colombian “volunteers” and weapons.
August 18, 1941 The Sakalin campaign launched by the Japanese.
September 26th 1941 Ecuadorian counter offensive recaptures Cuenca. Peru prepares for a final offensive to try to end the conflict.
October 10th 1941 Coastal offensive started by Peru.
November 3, 1941 The Sakalin campaign ends with a combined army-marine Japanese effort successfully conquering the northern half of the island.
November 16, 1941 Due to the terrain and stubborn Japanese resistance it is not until the middle of November that Soviets reach Harbin. The siege of Harbin begins.
November 21, 1941 Czechoslovakia formally changes its name to the Central European Republic.
December 7th 1941 Guayaquil falls to Peruvian army. Peru sends terms of surrender to Ecuador. Ecuador after consideration and further promises by Colombia refuses. A December ceasefire agreed by both sides, in reality both sides are exhausted.
December 20, 1941 The Hungarians and Bulgarians give up their attempts at Romania and withdraw to the 1940 borders.
December 24, 1941 An informal ceasefire due to weather conditions has set in and both sides consolidate their positions.

1942
February 8, 1942 Ecuadorian counter offensive starts in attempt to recapture Guayaquil, casualties mount especially between Colombian volunteers. The offensive is called off on March 2nd 1942 after failing in their objectives.
February 9, 1942 Peruvian counter offensive starts in an attempt to recapture Cuenca. With majority of enemy forces facing Guayaquil the city falls by February 21st 1942.
February 15, 1942 President Baldomir dissolves the General Assembly in Montevideo and asks the opposition parties to join in defeating the military. Uruguay Civil War starts. Colorado Party changes name to Uruguayan Communist Party.
February 24, 1942 The ceasefire comes to an end when the Japanese begin their effort to relieve Harbin.
March 9, 1942 The Harbin relief effort collapses for the Japanese. Japanese inflict severe losses upon the Soviets in this attack but fail in their objective.
March 11, 1942 Ecuador accepts terms of Peru. Peru gains all disputed territory plus El Oro province.
March 17, 1942 Harbin falls to the Soviets. A Japanese offer of peace in exchange for accepting Soviet border claims in Manchuria is rejected.
April 1, 1942 The Deep Thrust; Soviet forces, finally in better terrain than the northern part of Manchuria launch a combined arms operation to destroy the Japanese presence in Manchuria.
April 12, 1942 Liberal leader Jorge Eliezer Gaitan asks for the resignation of the current Colombian government. He blamed them for the thousands of casualties incurred during the just ended conflict and the economic chaos the nation was suffering. The lower classes, from were the majority of the casualties came from and the ones suffering more of the slow recovery from the Depression, flock to him especially in the cities.
April 23, 1942 India is divided into a loose confederation of Hindu majority provinces, Muslim majority ones, and the Sikh Azaz Punjab. Each province is governed with a high degree of autonomy except for foreign affairs, communications, defense, and finances needed for nationwide affairs. The central government is located in Delhi. There was some opposition by all sides to this final arrangement but after some violence it was accepted; it was this or the dismembering of India.
May 1, 1942 Gandhi assassinated by a disgruntled INC fanatic.
May 15 1942 Ceasefire agreement between Japan and Nationalist Chinese allows Japan to move more forces to face the Soviets.
May 20, 1942 Eliezer Gaitan assassinated while giving speech in Bogota. Start of the Colombian Civil War. Liberal sympathizers take to the streets to fight government forces.
May 29, 1942 Liberal forces capture Bogota. Alfonso Lopez Pumarejo declared President by the Liberals. Incumbent President Eduardo Santos flees to Cartagena and asks for international recognition of his cabinet as the true government of Colombia.
June 3, 1942 The Brazilian government establishes the Companhia Vale do Rio Doce to exploit the rich iron-ore deposits of Itabira.
June 6, 1942 The largest air battle ever seen is fought on this day. Both sides claim victory, but it appears to be a narrow victory for the Soviets through the sheer number of Soviet planes, not by technical or equipment advantages of which they have none; the Japanese machines are superior and Japanese pilots are about even in quality.
June 18 1942 Two Soviet tank divisions fight an ad-hoc formation equivalent to a reinforced armored brigade near Mukden. The Soviets have mostly T-26s, but with a considerable number of T-34s as well; the Japanese have Type 95 tanks. After the Soviet victory, the Japanese recognize the failure of their tank designs and begin searching abroad for new models.
July 12, 1942 The Japanese have been expelled from most of Manchuria and forced to a defensive line on the Yalu River.
July 28, 1942 Nationalist China refuses to let Japanese forces in China attack north, threatening to end the ceasefire agreement if the Japanese attack the Soviets from Chinese soil.
August 10, 1942 After a lull of one month to recover, the Soviets begin their offensive into Korea.
September 14, 1942 Uruguayan Civil War ends. Communist Party wins and declares the People’s Republic of Uruguay. While neutral, this nation turns into a sanctuary for communist sympathizers from Argentina and neighboring countries. Inmediatly recognized by the Soviet Union.
October 7, 1942 The Japanese evacuation of the Liounyan Peninsula culminates with the destruction of the Port Arthur facilities.
November 25, 1942 Juan Antonio Ríos Morales, a member of the Radical Party, is elected president of Chile.
December 31, 1942 The Japanese front is a line anchored by Wonsan and running from there west. Japanese offers of peace (Manchuria to the Soviets, Korea to the Japanese) are considered by Stalin, but rejected.

1943
March 23, 1943 The first jet fighter is developed by RLM using engine design of Anselm Franz.
April 6, 1943 The Japanese launch their counter-offensive. The slow grinding Soviet offensive has been continual throughout the year, but with the arrival of Japanese forces from China and the Japanese shorter supply lines the Soviet casualties are finally beginning to be felt. The Soviet push into Korea has bogged down. With Japan still controlling the seas, it has become a slow, grinding fight all the way down the peninsula, as the Soviets have to take on every fortified pass. The mountainous terrain also does much to negate the Soviet armor advantage. The Japanese actually gain ground and recapture Seoul.
May 13, 1943 The military ousts Argentina's constitutional government.
June 18 1943 After mediation by the United States, the Second Russo-Japanese War ends when Stalin accepts the last Japanese offer of borders drawn based on the front lines. Manchuria will become the People’s Republic of Manchuria under Mao Tse Tong, but with Soviet troops stationed there guaranteeing they remain within the Soviet sphere. North Korea too becomes a Communist satellite of the USSR. Japan, bled dry by the war, also formalizes the ceasefire with Nationalist China.
August 5, 1943 Vargas announces for Brazil a twelve year plan for growth into the interior. To distance himself from the newly defeated Mussolini he begins to go back to some of his left-centre ideologies. The opening of Southern Brazil for homesteading, a more open stance on immigration, and land reforms are key points to his plan. Vargas opens the frontier by opening forts and oil towns around the west and south.
September 20, 1943 In the wake of the Japanese performance in the Second Russo-Japaneses war, the Emperor dismisses the militarists and installs more democratically minded ministers.
October 28, 1943 Axis powers launch a surprise invasion of Greece. Bulgaria hit a wall from the very beginning but Italy made some minimal gains before also being stopped.
November 21, 1943 the Greeks, with secret shipment of weapons from the British coming from Egypt, launches a counter offensive that recaptures most of the lost territory.
December 1, 1943 Great Britain and the Northern European Alliance send a demarche to the Axis powers to withdraw to their borders or a state of war will exist between them. The Axis received 72 hours to comply. Europe is on the brink of a major war.
December 2, 1943 Armed forces of the Northern European Alliance begin to mobilize. Axis nations’ leaders meet in an emergency meeting in Rome.
December 3, 1943 Axis begins withdrawing from Greece. German President Lettow-Vorbeck announces this as a victory for the democracies of Europe. He also states that the Balkans are not a playfield that could be trampled on by the fascist nations and invites both Turkey and Greece to join their European Alliance.

1944
January 7, 1944 The A-4 rocket has its first successful launch at Peenemünde.
February 7, 1944 Turkey asks for membership of the Northern European Alliance. With borders with both communists and fascists they consider this their best course of action.
February 21, 1944 Greece asks for membership to the Northern European Alliance. With their pre-Greek crisis neutrality stance shot to bits by the actions of the Axis they decide like the Turkish government that their best course of action was to join the Northern European Alliance.
June 5, 1944 Brazil creates a company for the production of materials needed by the chemical industry.
November 7, 1944 President Vandenberg wins re-election in the USA.

1945
September 21, 1945 End of the severe famine due to drought near Hanoi and surrounding areas kills close to one million people but more are saved by a League of Nations effort to help the people in the area. However, Ho Chi Minh uses this drought to recruit members for his movement.
December 23, 1945 Ho Chi Minh launches their first large-scale attack against the French. By now the Viet Minh are 30,000 strong and the numbers continue to grow.

1946

January 15, 1946 Conservative Eduardo Cruz-Coke Lassabe is elected president of Chile.
February 20, 1946 Perón is victorious in Argentine elections. He aggressively pursues policies aimed at giving an economic and political voice to the working class and greatly expanding the number of unionized workers.
June 3, 1946 the National Motor Company begins the production of trucks.
August 14, 1946 Dictator Vargas of Brazil sees the realization of one of his cherished dreams; The National Steel Company begins production at the Volta Redonda plant between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
August 26, 1946 Philippines awarded their independence by the United States; a very peaceful transition from Commonwealth to Republic.
August 29, 1946 Start of communist guerilla campaign in China. Chiang accuses the Soviet and the Republic of Manchuria of aiding the rebels, charges they deny.
September 27, 1946 Communist forces capture Xian. Evidence of heavy artillery and crew served weapons verified by foreign witnesses.
October 18, 1946 US President Arthur Vandenberg pledge his support to the government of the Republic of China. Loans are granted to purchase newer equipment to fight the communist aggression.

1947
January 14, 1947 Communist insurrection started in Luzon Island by a group later know as the Huks.
February 4, 1947 President Lettow-Vorbeck announces that he will not seek re-election to the Presidency.
March 13, 1947 Communist strikes on the Japanese port of Osaka and other major ports turns violent. Troops called to break the disturbances. Japanese Communist Party outlawed as a result. Emergency powers are given to Admiral Yamamoto to rule Japan until the Communist menace is eliminated.
April 20, 1947 The first successful test detonation of an atomic bomb performed by Germany.
June 20, 1947 In the second dual Presidential and Reichstag elections, the SPD candidate, senior statesman Otto Braun wins the presidency on the second ballot. SPD leader Erich Ollenhauer becomes Chancellor of a center-left coalition government. He and UK Labour Government Prime Minister Clement Attlee would come to work closely together over the years.

1948
March 29, 1948 Werner von Braun becomes head of the new civilian German Space Agency he has lobbied for years to have formed.
April 8, 1948 Admiral Yamamoto announces the Emergency is over and elections will be held on June 8th 1948 to elect a new Prime Minister. The Japanese communist movement has been stamped out. With their leader dead, jailed or gone into exile the movement is effectively dead.
June 12, 1948 Mohammed Hatta and Sukarno ask the Dutch Government in a letter published in Batavia to begin a process of gradual independence to Indonesia. Both are jailed for sedition.
October 5, 1948 Japan is accepted back as a member of the League of Nations after Admiral Yamamoto put in a request for admittance as one of his last officials acts as de facto ruler of Japan.

1949
February 7, 1949 With Huk influence now covering more than ¾ of the island of Luzon, the Philippines government ask the League of Nations for help in stamping this rebellion. Japan pledge air support and two SNLF brigades to help defeating the rebellion. Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain and Germany also pledge their support but in a smaller scale than Japan.
February 11, 1949 President Robert Taft, worried by how much the League and especially Japan can extend their influence over Philippines, also offer help in the form of air support, loans for the purchase of weapons and a mix Marine-Army Task Force comprised of forces already stationed in Hawaii and the West Coast of the United States.
August 14, 1949 The last British forces leave India except for the ones in the Calcutta naval station, the airbase near Bombay, and sundry other bases necessary for the defense of the Commonwealth.
October 2, 1949 The Reichstag passes an amendment to have the Presidential election go to a run-off if there is no majority winner in the first round.
October 4, 1949 Chinese Communist stronghold in Yennan falls to Nationalist Army. End of organized communist resistance in China. While low-level guerilla warfare will continue the threat of a Communist insurrection achieving their goal of defeating Chiang’s government is considered over.
November 1, 1949 The guerilla war in Vietnam continues with no end in sight. By now the Viet Minh is close to 45,000 men strong.
December 2, 1949 Charles de Gaulle, a hero of the French-Italian war, ordered to Indochina to take command of the forces in the region.

1950
March 29, 1950 Process of Vietnamization of forces serving in Indochina started. By July 1954 close to 50% of French forces fighting the guerillas were Vietnamese soldiers. This was a result of the losses incurred during the French-Italian war, which created a manpower drain in the French forces at the time.
April 8, 1950 Combined United States-Japanese force capture Huk stronghold in Mt Abak. Casualties are heavy but Huk leader captured during operation. General Maxwell Taylor, US commander in theater, praised the performance of the Japanese soldiers and said this event could be the beginning of a closer relationship between both nations. Picture of Japanese and American soldiers jointly raising each other flags made the front page of Times Magazine.


1951
May 1, 1951 The Soviet Union test detonates its first atomic bomb, developed mostly from plans stolen from Germany through espionage.
May 8, 1951 Chinese and French officers met to discuss cooperation to eradicate Viet Minh on both side of their borders.
September 9, 1951 Operation Joint Strike started by both the Chinese and French in each other sides of the border. Operation last until the end of November and close to 15,000 enemy men are either killed or captured. With the destruction of the Viet Minh sanctuaries on the other side of the Chinese border the war entered a lull in the tempo of operations until the Viet Minh recovered from the terrible casualties of this operation.
December 8, 1951 With war in the Philippines winding down, the German detachment began embarkation home. The German detachment during the war never was bigger than a couple of close support bomber squadrons and two special civic action groups.

1952
January 3, 1952 League of Nations officially announces their mission to the Philippines to be over. Still Australians troops stayed until May 16th 1952 and Japanese forces until October 10th 1955.
February 6, 1952 Border clashes between Soviet Union and China in the Sinking-Soviet border and the Mongolian-Soviet border used by Stalin to launch an invasion of both borders areas. Sino-Soviet War of 1952-53 starts with this action. Stalin gambled that with his very public demonstration that he knows possessed the Atomic bomb the League of Nations wasn’t going to risk general war for some territory in the middle of Asia.

1953
March 10, 1953 Treaty of Beijing signed. Republic of China is forced to recognize lost of the province of Sinking to the Soviets and other small territorial concessions on the Mongolian-Chinese border. American President Thomas Dewey response to this treaty was that, “The fear of this new weapon, the atomic bomb, is the only reason the free nations of the world stood idle while this unequal treaty was imposed on the Chinese people.”
August 17, 1953 Mohammad Hatta and Sukarno, just released from prison after serving five years sentences, gave a speech asking the Indonesian people to fight for their freedom and to throw the Dutch out of their country. They immediately went into hiding. This date is considered the start of the Indonesian War of Independence or the Indonesian Insurrection, depending of the point of view.

1954
May 18, 1954 Charles de Gaulle is replaced as commander of the French forces in Indochina and retires from military service soon after to enter politics.
September 22, 1954 The Republic of China and the United Kingdom sign an extension of the lease of the city of Hong Kong that will finally end the British ownership of the city in the year 2050.
September 24, 1954 Secret meeting between Chinese government officials and moderate members of the Viet Minh promises covert support if they tone down their socialist leaning, turn more into a nationalist movement instead of a communist one and get rid of the more radical members of their movement.

1955
July 5, 1955 Trade and Cooperation Agreement signed by the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. Chiang’s victories over the guerillas in his country and over the Viet Minh gave him a false sense of security that came crashing down with the defeat in the war of 1952. Both Japan and his nation considered the Soviet Union the main threat and this treaty is the realization that their best approach was cooperation.

1957
March 3, 1957 The German A-11 rocket launches the first satellite into orbit. This will be the last great achievement of an independent German Space Program, as spending priorities on domestic programs will not allow further unilateral funding for the very expensive Space program. The German government begins to seek partners for Space exploration.

1958
July 4, 1958 The Republic of Germany, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America pool their resources to launch a joint space initiative, the North Atlantic Space Agency. The Central European Republic and other allied nations soon join the group as junior partners.

1961
October 8, 1961 The Soviet Union shocks the world by sending the first man into orbit. Funding of the North Atlantic Space Agency will increase significantly as the member nations dedicate themselves to putting a base on the moon by 1980.

1969
June 2, 1969 NASA sends the first men to the moon (symbolically, a German, American, and Briton).
August 11, 1969 Germans celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the Weimar Constitution (date of its announcement).

1979
August 20, 1979 The NASA moon base, a capsule buried under the lunar soil, goes into operation, a year ahead of the deadline set in 1961.

2019
August 11, 2019 The date of the Centennial celebration of the Weimar Consitution and the German Republic.

[Glen]

Several of the proposed additions that I am still working on editting and deciding upon.

October 20, 1944- A delegation of Japanese officials, led by Prince Fumimaro Konoye, meets with a group of American officials, led by Secretary of State Henry Stimson in Manila in a conference to discuss better diplomatic and financial relations and increased military cooperation between the two countries. General Douglas MacArthur, chief of staff of the US Army is also present at the conference.

October 23, 1944- At the Manila Conference, the Japanese decide to offer their holdings in Micronesia and the Marianas to the United States as a sign of good will, as well as allowing the US to station troops in the Japanese-owned Southern Korea. Secretary of State Stimson transfers the terms to Washington for approval.

October 24, 1944- A short message of approval to the Japanese offered terms comes back in the early morning hours, saying WHY NOT?. Added onto the message in jest is ALL THE WORLD WONDERS. With the government's approval, Stimson and MacArthur fly to Tokyo with the US and Japanese delagations to sign the treaty. Giving a press conference before leaving, General MacArthur states "I Shall Return" when a reporter asks if he will be coming back to the Phillipines.

October 25, 1944- The Manila Treaty is signed by members of the US and Japanese delagations in Tokyo, Japan, at around 1100. The terms include the Japanese cessation of Micronesia and the Marianas to the US, and the right to base US troops in Korea. In Return, the US will sign several new lucrative trade deals with Japan, pay a few hundred thousand dollars for the islands, and finally renew the American-Japanese trade agreement of 1911.

November 2, 1944- The Republican team of Arthur Vandenburg/Robert A. Taft defeats the Democrat nominees, Alben Barkley/Claude Pepper. The recent US-Japanese raapproachment helped the incumbent gain some valuable votes in California, which was a close swing state.



November 17th 1945- In an accord brokered by the United States and the League of Nations, the warring factions in Colombia agreed to end the conflict that caused thousands of deaths and devastated the economy of that nation. President Vandenberg sees this accord “as giving peace to this generation of Colombians and hopefully to the coming ones.”

July 17th 1950-Vikdun Quisling is named ambassador to the Soviet Union. The former Norwegian Minister of the Interior during the early and middle 1940’s, is know for leaning to the extreme right and this post is considered by many a political exile caused by his now unpopular views.

September 28th 1950-Outfielder Joe Matthews of the Chicago Cubs wins the homerun crown with 51 HRs and later is named National League MVP.

April 7th 1951- Jackie Robinson of the Brooklyn Dodgers single on his first at bat in the major leagues, being the first black man since the late 19th century to play Major League Baseball.

April 15th 1951- King Abdullah of Transjordan received permission from the League to move troops of his Arab Legion into the troubled land of Palestine. British Prime Minister Anthony Eden stated “…it was this or sending more of our chaps to Palestine… …With the emigration of more Jews from troubled Eastern Europe, Italy and Poland in the late 1940’s, Palestine is turning into a possible flashpoint in the future.”

August 9th 1952- An arms sales agreement was signed today between the United States and Chile. The President stated that “…Chile is a beacon of democracy in South America and it’s our nation’s duty to help that country stay that way….”

September 29th 1952- Boston Red Sox outfielder Ted Williams wins the American league batting championship with a .379 batting avg.

May 7th 1953- Joseph Stalin died from heart attack on his dacha on the outside of Moscow. Replaced by Lavrenti Beria as leader of the Soviet Union.


April 4th 1955- Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia celebrated the anniversary of his return from exile with a declared long week holiday that also celebrated the end of Italian occupation ten years ago. Foreign dignitaries were invited to the different ceremonies celebrated during the week.

September 18th 1958-France explodes their first atomic bomb on the Sahara desert.

July 9th 1960- Dominion of Kenya created. With the big influx from Eastern Europeans and Italian colonists escaping from Ethiopia during the late 1940’s and during the 50’s the British government decided to grant Dominion status to the former colony.

Tunisian War/also called French-Italian War and a little aftermath:

March 2nd 1944- Border dispute on Tunisian-Libyan border. Small casualties on both sides. Mussolini asks for an apology from the French government, even when his troops were the ones that stray into French territory.

March 9th 1944-Secret buildup of Italian forces in Libya is started under the guise of a military exercise.

April 4th 1944- Italian forces cross into Tunisia in force. While overall the French border fortifications resisted the onslaught, breakthroughs by Italian forces forced the French to abandon the border fortifications and withdrew north on the 7th.

April 13th 1944- Italian forces capture Gabes. French offer cease-fire to discuss border adjustments. But Mussolini refuses out of hand and dreams of pushing the French out of Tunisia altogether and of even greater ones.

April/June 1944- Italian forces continued their advance in Tunisia while French fought a defensive strategy while moving forces into the theater. The Italian advance to the interior in the direction of the Kasserine Pass bogged down but the city of Sfax was captured the 4th of June. Italians have the initiative on all theaters during this period.

April 18th 1944- A motorized corps is organized in France, composed of the 3rd and 4th Armored plus the 1st DLM under the command of Charles de Gaulle for deployment to Africa.

April 19th 1944- Italy expands the war with the beginning of an air campaign directed at the French airfields on the south of France and Corsica. The French responded in kind with attacks to Italian air bases in northern Italy. So far into the war both sides are not targeting civilian targets. By the end of April, French aircrafts coming from the north turn this campaign into a stalemate but the Italians ruled the skies over Corsica.

April 20th 1944- French Somaliland surrenders to Italian forces.

April 28th 1944- Battle of Convoy FG28- Two Italian light cruiser with destroyer escorts tried to intercept this convoy. Unknown to them this convoy was escorted by the battle cruiser Bretagne, a light cruiser and destroyers. On the ensuing battle one Italian cruiser was sunk and the other suffer considerable damage while the French losses were minimal. The French convoys to North Africa thereafter were only affected by an overall ineffective submarine campaign.

May 1st 1944- Charles de Gaulle and lead elements arrive to Algiers. Rest of his Corps will be in theater and ready to enter combat by the end of the month.

May 8th 1944- In the biggest airborne operation in history, two airborne divisions dropped on the island of Corsica and caught the small garrison unprepared. The island is considered secure by the 18th of May after the arrival of another division by sea on the 10th to help consolidate the situation.

May 10th 1944- 1st naval Battle of Corsica. The French cruiser Algiers, a light cruiser and escorts clashed with the ships escorting the infantry division on bound to Corsica. The Vittorio Veneto and the Roma made mincemeat of the French ships, sinking both the Algiers and the light cruiser with the lost of a single destroyer. Mussolini hailed this victory as a sign of the Italian superiority in battleships.

May 15th 1944- Mussolini offers terms to French to accept the current situation as permanent. The French refuse out of hand.

May 22nd 1944-French government receives assurances from the German nation that they will stay neutral in this conflict. Great Britain guaranteed this, even stating they will side with the French if Germany breaks their word. Story is that German President Lettow -Vorbeck said. “Franks go and fight. And tell Caesar that Arminus send his regards.”

May 24th 1944- French High Command began swift of forces south. While still leaving a sizeable force on the border with Germany, the bulk of the forces in Northern France began to move south in preparation of the one-two punch planned by the French leaders.

June 6th 1944-2nd naval Battle of Corsica. The French plan to gain naval superiority in the immediate waters of Corsica was a classic battle facing two battleships on each side were the lines of communication with the Italian garrison in Corsica was on the balance. The French battleships Richelieu and Jean Bart suffered moderate and slight damage respectively but they fared better than their Italian counterparts. The Duilio was sunk while the Roma suffered severe damage and has to withdraw in the direction of Taranto for repairs.

June 8th 1944- The sinking of the Roma. The battleship Roma, moving away from Corsica after been damaged in battle, is sunk by an aerial attack launched from the aircraft carrier Bearn. While many said the ship prior damage in battle is the real reason it was sunk, this action together with the actions of the Japanese fleet during the Russo-Japanese fleet proved the aircraft carrier was the future of naval forces.

Middle of June 1944/ January 1945- The French gained the initiative during this time and never lost it. Their simultaneous campaigns in July, while one of them could be considered a failure, were too much for the Italian forces. The Italian government was forced to call their Axis allies for help and tried in vain to get Franco’s Spain to join the war. By the end of October the end was near.

June14th 1944- Italian forces in Tunisia stop offensive operations due to weariness. By now the forces involved have been fighting close to two months without rest and where close to been exhausted. Reinforcements and replacements were been marshaled in southern Italy for the trip to Libya.

June 29th 1944- British government closes the Suez Canal to all military traffic, even troop carriers.

July 3rd 1945- Simultaneous campaigns launched in the French-Italian border and in Tunisia.

July 4th 1944- Late on the afternoon Corps d’Afrique under de Gaulle achieves breakthrough and began his race for Gabes.

July 5th 1944- General Graziani recognizes the danger of the French breakthrough and orders a general withdraw before his forces get encircled.

July 8th 1944- First registered use of gas in the war. Use by Italian forces on the Alps to defeat a French attack against a fortified position.

July 9th 1944- Forces marked for reinforcement of the Tunisian effort have to be deviated north to help stop the French attack on the Alps. Forces in Tunisia were left to fend for themselves.

July 9th 1944- First registered use of gas in Tunisia. Forces escaping from the Kasserine front use gas in their attempt to break free. The shock of the use of gas made possible the escape of the majority of the forces in that front back to the border.

July 10th 1944- First bombardment of cities. Cities on Nice, Marseilles and Grenoble received the “visit” of Italian bombers. French responded later on the day with attacks to Genoa and Milan.

July 11th - 12th 1944- The Corps d’Afrique fought the biggest mechanized battle ever with the Ariete armored division and the Trieste motorized one, part of the forces trying to escape encirclement north of Gabes. Both forces suffered heavy casualties but the Italians failed in their attempt to escape encirclement. De Gaulle units pocketed the Sfax force.

July 19th 1944- Battered Italians forces reached the Tunisian-Libyan border and began to dig in. 75,000 Italians soldiers are surrounded on the Tunisian coast south of Sfax and north of Gabes.

July 23rd 1944- Offensive on the Alps stopped with minimal gains. Some news reporters compared the casualties suffered by the French “as a replay of the Great War.” Still Mussolini was forced by his own casualties to ask his Axis allies for help.

July 24th 1944- Both Germany and the Central European Republic refuse Poland’s petition for right of transit of land forces thru their territories. Some air units were allowed if following designated air corridors.

July 25th 1944- Yugoslavia is bullied into giving right of transit to both Hungary and Bulgaria.

August 3rd 1944- French Foreign Legion 3rd REI opens gap on Italian forces in Libyan border. De Gaulle Corps d’ Afrique, now reduced to two under strength divisions in manpower, pours thru the gap. Italian forces began disorganized withdraw east.

August 5th 1944- General LeClerc’s Army of Central Africa began invasion of southern Libya from French Equatorial Africa. Opposition is minimal with Italian forces escaping north.

August 13th 1944- De Gaulle enters city of Tripoli. General Graziani sacked by Mussolini.

August 22nd 1944- French forces capture el Agheila. French forces in control of Tripolitania and southern Libya. Mussolini offers peace based on the pre-war borders. France, sure now of their ability to take the war to the enemy, refuses to event discuss those terms. War continues.

September 1st 1944- The bomber campaigns began. Both nations began bomber campaigns against each other cities. These raids continued thru the rest of the war and affected more Italy, due to their industrial sites being located in the northern cities for the most part.

September 4th 1944- Franco rejected the plea of Mussolini to join the war on the Axis side. He used as an excuse that his nation was still recovering from the effects of the Civil War.

September 5th 1944- Italian forces pocketed in Tunisia surrender and go into captivity. More than 70,000 men were captured.

September 18th 1944- French forces launch amphibious invasion of Sardinia. Small garrison on the island overwhelm in 10 days after heavy casualties for both sides.

September 19th 1944- Battle of the Tylerrian Sea. Battleship Impero and escorts intercepted by the battleship Jean Bart and the battle cruiser Lorraine. The aftermath was the destruction of the Impero while the Lorraine suffered severe damage and it took years to repair the extensive damage it suffered. The Italian navy never again tried to contend the French domain of the sea.

September 24th 1944- French long-range bombers attack Rome for the first time. Casualties were heavy and the damage was very limited but the propaganda coup was enormous.


October 2nd 1944- Simultaneous offensives launched in Africa and northern Italy by the French. This time French forces are prepared for chemical warfare and they expect to break the Italian lines this time.

October 7th 1944- With the Italian lines on the verge of collapse, nerve gas is used for first time in history to try to stop the French. The French offensive is stopped due to the terrible casualties inflicted to the unprepared troops. The results of the use of this experimental weapon never tested were a shock to both the Italians and the rest of the world.

October 9th 1944- With world public opinion outraged by the use of this new weapon and the late fortunes of the Italian forces being made public to the Italians, King Victor Emmanuel III asks Mussolini for his resignation. Mussolini, after a late bid to save his position, gave his resignation early in the morning of the 10th of October.

October 10th 1944- Count Ciano, Italian temporary leader offers peace based on October 1st frontlines. Offer is refused.

October 14th 1944- Benghazi captured by French forces. Italians continue their escape east.

October 21st 1944- Tobruk abandoned by Italian forces. More than 20,000 men flee by sea from this port before the evacuation of the city. Italian forces are actually fleeing east. Any sense of trying to defend is now gone.

October 28th 1944- Bardia and Fort Capputo surrenders to French forces. Close to 50,000 men cross into Egypt to be interned.

November 11th 1944- Italian garrison in Corsica asks for terms due to the lack of supplies and according to their commander “ to ease the suffering of the civilians on the island.”

December 15th 1944- “The Christmas Offensive” starts. The French used chemicals weapons offensively for the first time in the war and a small amphibious force was landed behind the enemy lines.

December 18th 1944- The landing behind the lines is contained on the beachheads but the front line on the passes was ready to burst. With both forces near exhaustion finally the 21st of December Italian defenses on the passes were broken. The road to Northern Italy was open for the French.

December 23rd 1944- Count Ciano asks for a ceasefire to discuss terms of surrender. After deliberation the French government agreed.

January 29th 1945- Treaty of Nice is signed. The terms were harsh but not as bad as expected. The French kept Libya and Sardinia plus recover French Somaliland. Also the French- Italian border was demilitarized. Italian East Africa stayed on the hands of the Italians due to British worries about French encroachment in East Africa and their preference to have now a weak Italy in control of that area than a strong France. The Italian army was reduced to 200,000 men and prohibited of having chemical weapons or armored vehicles. Also the two newest remaining battleships, the Littorio and the Vittorio Veneto were taken by the French as war booty while the Italian navy has to discard their submarine fleet and was prohibited of building more battleships, aircraft carriers or ships with guns bigger than 12”. Italy’s bid to be a major power was over. Another result of this treaty was the effective end of the Axis alliance.

February 14th 1946- First free elections in Italy since the 1920’s. A coalition of center-left factions wins the election as a response of the electorate to the failure of the fascists during the war.

July 17th 1948- Military coup in Bulgaria unseats the fascist government of that nation. Elections were promised by the end of the year.

March 12th 1950- Miklos Horthy die from a heart attack in his sleep. His successor calls for general elections and finally the Hapsburg heir was offered the Crown of Hungary. German nation receives assurances than the new king of Hungary will renounce to any claims to the crown of Austria.

February 20th 1957- Lavrenti Beria, leader of the Soviet Union, met with German president Ludwig Erhard in Berlin. This was the first time a Russian leader has visited a foreign nation since the times of the tsars. One of the points discussed during their meetings was what the Soviets considered a threat to peace in Europe, the nation of Poland.

March 2nd 1957- From his secret capital in the province of Aceh, self-proclaimed president of Indonesia, Sukarno, ask the Netherlands government to end the conflict and together to began a peaceful transition to independence. The Dutch response was to ask Sukarno to turn himself in and to end the rebellion. The impasse continued.


November 11th 1957- Netherlands, suffering the third year of a civil war in their East Indies colonies, asks the Northern European Alliance for membership. Their goal was to get the other member nations involved in the war in the East Indies. By the end of the year parts of Sumatra, Bali and Borneo are effectively in hands of the rebels while a terrorist campaign against government forces is being fought in Java.

April 16th 1958- Chile and Peru signed the Andean Pact, a defensive agreement due to the fears caused by the fall of the Argentinean nation into communist and the current problems in neighboring Bolivia.

August 8th 1958- France announces their intend to create a French Union, similar in composition to the British Commonwealth. According to insiders, the colonies most likely to get self -rule by 1960 were Syria, Lebanon and Madagascar.

December 25th 1958- The Christmas Massacres. In what many considered an escalation of the civil war in Palestine, hundreds of people died during disturbances all thru the region. British and Arab Legion troops tried to diffuse the situation but by New Year’s Eve the British government asked the League for help in resolving this situation.


August 14th 1959- Socialist Republic of Argentina and People’s Republic of Uruguay signed a trade and Cooperation agreement with the Soviet Union. Agreement includes the station of Soviet agricultural technicians in both South American nations to ensure the good use of the Soviet imports to that nations.

[Glen]

The several comments we have had thus far on potential presidents of the United States for this timeline.

Othniel-

Dewey vs. Thurmond (I'm not sure exactly but I left what the numbers tell me and they say that Dewey has the best chance for ther republician nomination based on which states he would be expected to win only, not to mention taking care of problems created by crime. Thurmond simply because I couldn't think of anyone straight off my head...) vs. Norman 1948 Dewey wins.

Republician Presidental Canident Thomas Dewey& Vice Pesidental Canident Dwight H. Green(Govenor of Illinious)or Henry Dworshak (Representive from the State of Idaho
vs.
Democratic Presidental Canident Alben Barkley & Democratic Vice Presidental CandidentFielding Lewis Wright
vs. Norman Thomas (Socialist) and socialist VP Canident Tucker P. Smith

Dewey wins.
I think we decided that before time. Vandenburg makes it in and does well is my whole assumtion on Dewey. I foresee 3 Republician presidents (2,2,1), then two democrats (2,2), then a single Republician(1), then two more democrats (2,1)

Luakel-
1941-45: Arthur Vandenberg/Robert A. Taft Republican
1945-49: Arthur Vandenberg/Robert A. Taft Republican
1949-50: Robert A. Taft/Thomas E. Dewey Republican (assassinated)
1950-53: Thomas E. Dewey/Not Avaliable Republican
1953-57: Adlai Stevenson/Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Democrat
1957-61: Adlai Stevenson/Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Democrat
1961-65: Joseph P. Kennedy Jr./Hubert H. Humphrey Democrat
1965-69: Barry Goldwater/Richard Nixon Republican
1969-73: Barry Goldwater/Richard Nixon Republican
1973-75: Robert F. Kennedy/Edmund Muskie Democrat (assassinated)
1975-77: Edmund Muskie/Not Availiable Democrat
1977-81: Ronald Reagan/Bob Dole Republican

Wendell
A. Vandenburg, Republican, elected 1940; Lives out his two terms.
C. Pepper, Democrat, elected 1948; Lives out his two terms.
H. Lodge, Republican, elected in 1956; dies in second term. Killed by assassin.
B. Goldwater, Republican, elected in 1964 as incumbent after Lodge's demise. Does not seek reelection in 1968.
J. Kennedy, Democrat, elected in 1968; Lives out his two terms.
R. Reagan, Republican, elected 1976; Lives out his two terms.
R. Dole, Republican, elected only once in 1984. Lives out his one term.
R. Kerrey, Democrat, elected in 1988; Lives out his two terms.
F. Thompson, Republican, elected 1996; Lives out his two terms.

P99
1941-45: Arthur Vandenberg/Robert A. Taft Republican
1945-49: Arthur Vandenberg/Robert A. Taft Republican
1949-50: Robert A. Taft/Thomas E. Dewey Republican (assassinated)
1950-53: Thomas E. Dewey/Earl Warren Republican
1953-57: Thomas E. Dewey/Earl Warren Republican
1957-61: Adlai Stevenson/Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Democrat
1961-64: Adlai Stevenson/Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Democrat
1964-65: Joseph P. Kennedy Jr./Averill HarrimanDemocrat
1965-69: Richard Nixon/Maxwell TaylorRepublican
1969-73: Richard Nixon/Maxwell TaylorRepublican
1973-77: Robert F. Kennedy/Edmund Muskie Democrat
1977-81: Ronald Reagan/George Bush Sr. Republican

[Glen]

Oth, I've been thinking about South America. I'm not certain yet, but I think it would be unlikely that we would see Communist nations arise there without the US intervening. ITTL, the Soviets and Americans, while rivals in the Pacific, are not quite on the edge of nuclear annihilation. The Soviets don't see the US as their main adversary in Europe (and thus their main threat), so I am thinking they might be less likely to cause problems for the US in the Americas. Then again, maybe I'm wrong. Just thinking about it....

[Glen]

I've been thinking about the possible divergent scenario with a WWII analogue.

What if Mussolini didn't accept the German intervention in Austria, or rather, the subsequent Anschluss?

What if instead, he had made secret alliance with Hungary and Poland to declare war on Germany. Beck in Poland probably would have brokered this. I would also see Poland and Hugary having a side agreement to invade and divvy up Czechoslovakia as well.

So, the war starts with Germany (and Czechoslovakia?) against the arrayed forces of Poland, Hungary and Italy. France stays neutral, enjoying the carnage between her great competitors to the East, while the UK is technically neutral but supporting Germany overall. Yugoslavia has been bullied into allowing Hungary and Italy rights of passage. Romania is also remaining neutral at this point. The Soviets are neutral, but beginning to see some possibilities for land grabs, and start moving forces and commanders (ie Zhukov) from the Far East to their Western border. Then Nomanhan happens, and is still a technical victory for the Soviets, but not as much as OTL, and it just pisses off the Japanese, who are regrouping and planning a counterstrike. Now Stalin has to start moving back those forces to cover his rear.

I figure the Germans reel at first under the initial onslaught, but not too badly. None of the enemies arrayed against them has developed the blitzkrieg concept or a good understanding of war of maneuver. Then the Germans teach them the concept the hard way.

As the German counter-offensive begins to pay dividends against Poland and Hungary (Italy they have the Alps interfering, so not so effective), the Yugoslavs surprise the Axis by declaring for Germany and cutting up the forces transitting through their nation. Maybe when things are beginning to look really bad for Poland, the Lithuanians declare for Germany and move in to retake Central Lithuania. The Soviets too declare against the Axis and try to grab some of Poland and Hungary, but due to the brewing trouble on the Japanese front, they are out of position and only make token gains.

So maybe the Soviets and Japanese will get into a real match out in Manchuria. Or maybe the Japanese get in just one more battle that teaches them not to mess with the Soviets, and they turn their eyes towards the US, where Roosevelt has decided to run for a third term. And so maybe after the German-Axis war, and the Soviet-Japanese conflict, we have a Pacific War....

So what do people think about this for a parallel scenario to the main timeline?

[Othniel]

Oth, I've been thinking about South America. I'm not certain yet, but I think it would be unlikely that we would see Communist nations arise there without the US intervening. ITTL, the Soviets and Americans, while rivals in the Pacific, are not quite on the edge of nuclear annihilation. The Soviets don't see the US as their main adversary in Europe (and thus their main threat), so I am thinking they might be less likely to cause problems for the US in the Americas. Then again, maybe I'm wrong. Just thinking about it....
The US hasn't intervened in the larger countries until they had nukes, and that was in Chile. Argentina would have drawn heads, and would have made the USSR drool, I know. However we can make this area very turbulent....besides if we don't South America will look something like the remenant of a fascist bloc.

[Wendell]

The several comments we have had thus far on potential presidents of the United States for this timeline.

Othniel-

Dewey vs. Thurmond (I'm not sure exactly but I left what the numbers tell me and they say that Dewey has the best chance for ther republician nomination based on which states he would be expected to win only, not to mention taking care of problems created by crime. Thurmond simply because I couldn't think of anyone straight off my head...) vs. Norman 1948 Dewey wins.

Republician Presidental Canident Thomas Dewey& Vice Pesidental Canident Dwight H. Green(Govenor of Illinious)or Henry Dworshak (Representive from the State of Idaho
vs.
Democratic Presidental Canident Alben Barkley & Democratic Vice Presidental CandidentFielding Lewis Wright
vs. Norman Thomas (Socialist) and socialist VP Canident Tucker P. Smith

Dewey wins.
I think we decided that before time. Vandenburg makes it in and does well is my whole assumtion on Dewey. I foresee 3 Republician presidents (2,2,1), then two democrats (2,2), then a single Republician(1), then two more democrats (2,1)

Luakel-
1941-45: Arthur Vandenberg/Robert A. Taft Republican
1945-49: Arthur Vandenberg/Robert A. Taft Republican
1949-50: Robert A. Taft/Thomas E. Dewey Republican (assassinated)
1950-53: Thomas E. Dewey/Not Avaliable Republican
1953-57: Adlai Stevenson/Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Democrat
1957-61: Adlai Stevenson/Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Democrat
1961-65: Joseph P. Kennedy Jr./Hubert H. Humphrey Democrat
1965-69: Barry Goldwater/Richard Nixon Republican
1969-73: Barry Goldwater/Richard Nixon Republican
1973-75: Robert F. Kennedy/Edmund Muskie Democrat (assassinated)
1975-77: Edmund Muskie/Not Availiable Democrat
1977-81: Ronald Reagan/Bob Dole Republican

Wendell
A. Vandenburg, Republican, elected 1940; Lives out his two terms.
C. Pepper, Democrat, elected 1948; Lives out his two terms.
H. Lodge, Republican, elected in 1956; dies in second term. Killed by assassin.
B. Goldwater, Republican, elected in 1964 as incumbent after Lodge's demise. Does not seek reelection in 1968.
J. Kennedy, Democrat, elected in 1968; Lives out his two terms.
R. Reagan, Republican, elected 1976; Lives out his two terms.
R. Dole, Republican, elected only once in 1984. Lives out his one term.
R. Kerrey, Democrat, elected in 1988; Lives out his two terms.
F. Thompson, Republican, elected 1996; Lives out his two terms.

P99
1941-45: Arthur Vandenberg/Robert A. Taft Republican
1945-49: Arthur Vandenberg/Robert A. Taft Republican
1949-50: Robert A. Taft/Thomas E. Dewey Republican (assassinated)
1950-53: Thomas E. Dewey/Earl Warren Republican
1953-57: Thomas E. Dewey/Earl Warren Republican
1957-61: Adlai Stevenson/Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Democrat
1961-64: Adlai Stevenson/Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Democrat
1964-65: Joseph P. Kennedy Jr./Averill HarrimanDemocrat
1965-69: Richard Nixon/Maxwell TaylorRepublican
1969-73: Richard Nixon/Maxwell TaylorRepublican
1973-77: Robert F. Kennedy/Edmund Muskie Democrat
1977-81: Ronald Reagan/George Bush Sr. Republican
Why does everyone want the 1950 assassination attempt to still happen?

[Glen]

Why does everyone want the 1950 assassination attempt to still happen?

p99 likes it, and wrote it in. Seemed reasonable at the time. But if we need to forego it, we will. But for now we are working under the assumption that it succeeds in killing the president.

Perhaps p99 can make a more eloquent defense...

[Glen]

Here's something interesting...the Weimar Republic was the one who had the Lied der Deutschen as the national anthem, so it would likely be retained in this timeline as well.

Yep, its the one with those infamous opening lines (apparently when they were written, they were meant as a call for unification of Germany, but later were 'reinterpreted' by the Nazis as meaning domination of the world?)

Here's the link to the lyrics in German and English. The second verse is interesting, referencing German women, wine, and song... ;)

http://david.national-anthems.net/de.txt

[Wendell]

Here is the map:

[Glen]

Here is the map:

Did you reduce the size of the Western section of the British Mandate?

I understand what you're saying with this map, but this Israel and Palestine still share a large amount of border, so I'm not certain of the Mandate's value as a 'buffer'.

Also, you've got back the original idea of the mandate going to the sea (and it looks like you did it by shifting the 'Jewish' section up, and replacing it with the mandate remnant). However, why would they want that part of the coast. As far as I can tell, there are no port facilities within the retained mandate. If you have no ports, why bother going to the sea?

[Wendell]

Did you reduce the size of the Western section of the British Mandate?

I understand what you're saying with this map, but this Israel and Palestine still share a large amount of border, so I'm not certain of the Mandate's value as a 'buffer'.

Also, you've got back the original idea of the mandate going to the sea (and it looks like you did it by shifting the 'Jewish' section up, and replacing it with the mandate remnant). However, why would they want that part of the coast. As far as I can tell, there are no port facilities within the retained mandate. If you have no ports, why bother going to the sea?
You're right. I ought to have given the British Jaffna.

[Glen]

Here's the OTL map of 'Plan A' from the Peel Commission...

[Glen]

And another one, not certain where this version comes into play. I assume plan a was the preferred.

[Glen]

Well folks, we've finally done it. The timeline is too large to be placed in one post. So I will post the first three decades separately...

The 1920s seem pretty solid, though I wouldn't mind another name for the Locarno treaties.

Weimar World Timeline: 1920-29

1920
March 13, 1920 Reichstag member Wolfgang Kapp makes an impassioned speech on the floor of the Reichstag protesting the end of pay to Freicorps members. He warns that many more actions like this could lead to a nationwide Putsch. (OTL Kapp was one of the leaders of the Kapp Putsch.)
March 14, 1920 Central Schleswig votes over 80% in favor of reunification with Germany.
March 20, 1920 A NSDAP sympathizer within the Reichswehr blows the whistle on up and comer within the party, Adolf Hitler, who is revealed to be a Reichswehr spy.
March 31, 1920 Alleged Reichswehr spy Adolf Hitler mustered out of the Reichswehr, and is reported to return to his native Austria.
April 10, 1920 Government stops paying Freikorps units.
May 9, 1920 Hilter joins the Heimwehr in Austria.
June 20, 1920 Elections for the Reichstag result in significant gains for the DVP and DNVP, minor loses for the SPD. Chancellor Gustav Bauer (SPD) forms a new grand coalition government and reorganizes the cabinet; making Gustav Stresemann (DVP) Foreign Minister.
August 11, 1920 National Disarmament Law takes effect; disbanded civil guards.
August 19, 1920 Second Silesia Uprising, French troops do little to control the situation.

1921
January 16, 1921 Aristide Briand becomes Prime Minister of France, begins shortly thereafter discussions with German Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann regarding reparations.
March 21, 1921 Plebiscite held in Upper Silesia. They vote to remain part of Germany.
May 3, 1921 Polish forces under Wojciech Korfantry invade Upper Silesia.
May 4, 1921 Stresemann gets Briand’s France to enforce the rule of law in Upper Silesia, the Poles are required to leave.
July 1, 1921 Tentative agreement is reached for more favorable reparation payments by Germany, mostly due to the growing respect between Briand and Stresemann.
July 11, 1921 NSDAP under Anton Drexler votes to join Julius Streicher’s DSP.

1922
January 15, 1922 Stresemann secures loans to German government allowing Reichsmark to be fixed to a gold standard.
April 16, 1922 Treaty of Rapallo signed between Germany and the Soviet Union.
July 21, 1922 High inflation begins in Austria. The gold standard based German Reichsmark is little affected.
October 27, 1922 Benito Mussolini establishes his Fascist dictatorship in Italy.

1923
March 13, 1923 Adolf Hitler, inspired by the example of Benito Mussolini, starts a more political wing of the Heimwehr, centered on the Pan-Germanic faction of the paramilitary group.
June 3, 1923 After new elections for the Reichstag, Gustav Stresemann becomes Chancellor of a center-right coalition government. He retains the portfolio of Foreign Minister.

1924
February 28, 1924 Reichspresident Friedrich Ebert makes first visit of a German head of state to Great Britain since the war.
November 22, 1924 Strasser wing of DSP goes into rebellion over Streicher’s leadership.
December 1, 1924 Locarno Treaty signed.

1925
January 14, 1925 Germany enters the League of Nations.
September 10, 1925 Germany successfully lobbies for a referendum in the Memel region, and they vote in favor of reunification with Germany.
October 3, 1925 Committee announces that the Nobel Peace Prize will be awarded to Austen Chamberlain, Aristide Briand, and Gustav Stresemann for the Locarno treaty.

1926
February 14, 1926 Bamberg conference begins.
April 24, 1926 Germany and Soviet Union sign Berlin Treaty.
June 3, 1926 Friedrich Ebert narrowly wins re-election on the second ballot when the right rallies from a poor showing in the first round by drafting General Paul von Hindenburg as their candidate in the second round.

1927
June 3, 1927 General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck made Army Chief of Staff.
November 9, 1927 Chancellor Stresemann concludes Treaty of Munich with Czechoslovakia formally recognizing the border between Germany and Czechoslovakia in return for concessions to the German minority in the Sudetenland, including recognition of German as an official language of Czechoslovakia and a minimum number of spots in the Czech cabinet for ethnic Germans.

1928
February 3, 1928 The Simon Commission lands in Bombay. The first of many boycotts organized by the Indian National Congress occurs.
October 24, 1928 Chancellor Gustav Stresemann dies of a massive heart attack. Hermann Mueller forms grand coalition government and replaces him as Chancellor.

1929
December 10, 1929 The collapse of the stock exchange in New York City starts a world economic collapse.

[Glen]

The 1930s as well seem solid at this point. I expanded a bit on the Polish Corridor crisis, making the idea to gamble on a referendum the idea of the Polish President, who is later in the aftermath deposed and replaced with Beck, who then brings Poland into the Axis. I also tinkered a bit with the players in the Yugoslavian Crisis, having that dynamic duo of France and the UK play one more time at the appeasement game, with Germany just mobilizing on the border and looking menacing to the Axis.

Weimar World Timeline: 1930-39

1930
March 12 1930 Gandhi starts his march to protest the salt tax law.
June 30, 1930 Hermann Mueller leaves office when his own party (SPD) abandons the coalition. Center right coalition forms with Center party leader Heinrich Bruening as Chancellor.
July 4 1930 Lord Irwin, after meeting with members of the governing Labour Party in London, announces a round table will be created to discuss India’s constitutional progress to achieve Dominion status.
October 24, 1930 Coup d'état in Brazil replaces Washington Luis with populist Gen. Getúlio Vargas. Vargas embarks on a path of social reformism to attempt to reconcile radically diverging interests. Reflecting the influence of the tenentes, he even advocated a program of social welfare and reform with striking parallel to New Deal in the United States. Vargas develops a "a legal hybrid" between the regimes of Mussolini's Italy and Salazar's Portuguese Estado Novo, copying repressive fascist tactics, and conveying their same rejection of liberal capitalism, but attains power baring few indications of his future quasi-fascist polices. With a new constitution drafted with extensive influence from European fascist models, Vargas begins reining in even moderate trade unions and turning against the tenentes. His further concessions to the latifundios pushes him toward an alliance with the Integralists, Brazil's mobilized fascist movement.
November 12 1930 The first round table meetings on India show the differences between the Muslims and the Hindus. The Hindus wanted a strong central government while the Muslims wanted a loose confederation. Also the Sikhs want a Sikh nation in Punjab.

1931
January 12th 1931 The first round table meetings on India end. What emerges is an agreement to safe guard minorities in the constitution and the creation of a weak federal government to appease the Muslim delegates.
March 5 1931 Second round table meetings on India begin. Gandhi misses the meetings due to health reasons and the Congress representatives agree on the basis of a communal settlement for India. On the return to India of the delegates, Gandhi disavows their actions in London. This divides the Indian National Congress party. The Gandhi faction starts civil disobedience but the division of their party shows they are not the representatives of the whole Indian people.
June 1, 1931 Three million unemployed reported in Germany.
June 20, 1931 Herbert Hoover puts moratorium on reparations.
August 11, 1931 Austrian Kreditanstalt collapses.
September 13, 1931 The German bank crisis occurs.
September 20, 1931 Alfred Hugenberg made leader of DNVP by narrow margin.
October 11, 1931 Attempts to form a coalition between DNVP, Stahlhelm, DSP, and the Strasser splinter group fail. DNVP decides to stay in the government for the time being.

1932

March 5, 1932 Julius Streicher, leader of the DSP, high profile arrest on obsenity and perversion charges. The trial stretching through much of 1932 is a nadir for the far right.
April 20, 1932 Darkhorse candidate Carl Friedrich Goerdeler successfully challenges Alfred Hugenberg for leadership of the DNVP. Vows the DNVP will stay the course with the current government.
December 25, 1932 Constitutional rule is restored in Chile. Arturo Fortunato Alessandri Palma, a member of the Liberal Party, becomes president of Chile, serving until 1938.

1933
March 31, 1933 A conservative coup d’etat topples the socialist government of Uruguay. The socialist reform leaders are either assassinated or fled into exile, and a Conservative dictatorship begins. The Colorado party turns further to the left during the dictatorship years.
April 10, 1933 Friedrich Ebert loses badly in the second round of elections against center right consensus candidate and war hero Reichswehr Chief of Staff Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck. Former President Ebert in his concession speech calls for a peaceful transition, which by and large happens.
August 5 1933 The Government of India Act of 1933 announced and will be implemented by 1935.
August 7, 1933 DNVP leader Carl Friedrich Goerdeler becomes Chancellor of Germany.
October 23, 1933 Letter from Ludwig Erhard regarding economic reform so impresses Chancellor Goerdeler that he brings the man onto his staff as an advisor.

1934
February 12, 1934 Kummersdorf becomes the base for military rocket research.
March 21, 1934 Adolf Hitler’s Heimwehr faction begins a civil war after refusing to join Engelbert Dolfuss’s Fatherland Front (clerical faction of the Heimwehr joins the Fatherland Front, but is in the minority due to the recruitment efforts of the Charismatic Hitler). Several extremist volunteers from both Germany and Czechoslovakia swarm over the border to join the conflict in the early days. Socialists in Vienna take advantage of the chaos and take over the capitol, but can’t make progress very far from the city. With the onset of the Austrian Civil War, Albert Einstein leaves Austria, immigrating to Germany.
May 5, 1934 League of Nations declares a weapons embargo of all sides in the Austrian Civil War, which is promptly violated by both the Soviets and Italians. The Italians are secretly sending aid to both the Hitler and Dolfuss factions.
July 2, 1934 Former General Paul von Hindenburg dies, and Germany is thrown into a state of mourning that rivals that after the death of Chancellor Stresemann.
July 16, 1934 A new constitution is enacted in Brazil. The Vargas government claims that the corporatist provisions of the constitution of 1934 will unite all classes in mutual interests—its stated purpose (but not always actual) in Fascist Italy.
1935
January 13, 1935 Saarland votes over 90% to reunite with Germany.
May 20, 1935 Under pressure from Great Britain and with worsening economic problems domestically, France acquiesces to ‘limited’ German rearmament. Afterward, the rapid ‘development’ of the Reichswehr makes previous German covert rearming apparent, but the Great Powers turn a blind eye to this.
June 3, 1935 Brazilian politics has been drastically destabilized. Vargas' attention focuses on the rise of two nationally based and highly ideological European-style movements, both committed to European-style mass-mobilization: one pro-Communist and the other pro-fascist—one linked to Moscow and the other to Rome.
July 8, 1935 The Dominion of India is created. Subhas Bose is named Prime Minister with Mohammed Ali Jinnah as second in command. An Indian parliament is created but British institutions and borders are maintained for the time being. The Indian National Party reunifies but they admit their failure in getting the support of the Muslims, but the two rival parties made impossible the continued existence of this arrangement.
August 30, 1935 Token military force enters the Rhineland. The French government proclaims this as a great victory as the German force is not even enough to defend the Rhineland, much less threaten France. The German government point to this as the full restoration of German sovereignty and the return of Germany as a full member of the international family of nations.
October 3, 1935 Italian troops invade Abyssinia.
November 13, 1935 While the Austrian civil war has so far accomplished little except have several notable extremists of the age die gloriously in battle, Hitler makes a bold speech by radio from an undisclosed location, calling for the unification of Germans in Germany and Czechoslovakia with Austria. The speech is only heard in the local area of the broadcast.

1936
May 30, 1936 Italy annexes Abyssinia after a year long war which includes the use of mustard gas. By the end of June, after League condemnation of the annexation, Italy leaves the League of Nations.
July 10, 1936 The Spanish Civil War begins.
September 1, 1936 ‘Red’ Vienna falls to a Fatherland Front attack to regain the capital, but Hitler’s faction then attacks the exsanguinated forces of Dolfuss; the city will be a divided war-zone for the rest of the conflict.
August 16, 1936 Closing Ceremonies of the 1936 Berlin Olympics. The event is a showcase of the German Republic. President Lettow-Vorbeck hosted a number of his former Askari in Berlin, allowed by London to travel from Tanzania for the event. Later, a photo in Time magazine of the German President congratulating Jesse Owens with the Askari at his side leads the KKK in the American South to denounce the German leader.
September 20, 1936 Germany and the West, fed up with the chaos in Austria and now civil war in Spain, agree to allow German intervention in Austria. With the knock-out of the Socialists from the war, French Prime Minister Leon Blum sees little reason to hinder a Republican Germany from intervening, as the success of either of the remaining two factions would be undesirable. German troops stream over the border and overall are greeted as saviors by the war weary Austrians. To further reassure France and the United Kingdom, as well as to cement growing relations, on the same day the German Republic and Czechoslovakia sign a mutual defense treaty.
October 21, 1936 Hitler, rather than surrendering, commits suicide in his hideout in the mountains. Nearly all the Dolfuss and Hitler faction forces have surrendered to the rapidly advancing Germans, often without a fight. The few die-hard units are quickly dispatched by the Reichswehr. Dolfuss retires from politicis.
December 9, 1936 After a few months of diplomacy, Italy acquiesces to German occupation and a vote on Anschluss after the German government agrees to recognize the possession of the South Tyrol by Italy.

1937
February 14, 1937 The Austrians hold a referendum overwhelmingly supporting unification with Germany. Though the Treaty of Saint Germaine forbade Austria from political or economic union with Germany, Germany points out that they were not party to that agreement, and that the Austrian government had essentially ceased to exist. World sentiment seems to favor the unification.
March 15, 1937 Stalin, concerned about the close ties that developed between Soviet military officers and the Germans during the years of cooperation in the 1920s, launches a purge of the Red Army that will last the year, essentially crippling the Red Army for the next several years.
March 9, 1937 Completion of move of military rocket research to Peenemünde (on the recommendation of Werner von Braun). Kummersdorf converted over to military applications of atomic research, involving not only several German physicists, but also many Hungarian scientists who have immigrated to Germany to escape the repressive regime in Hungary.
April 12, 1937 Italy and Hungary form a mutual defense pact, called the Rome-Budapest Axis by Mussolini.
July 24, 1937 Germany proposes in the League of Nations a referendum on Danzig and the Polish Corridor. Poland at first is against the idea.
August 20, 1937 Poland’s president, Ignacy Mościcki, thinking he could win a referendum that includes both the Kassubian populated Polish corridor and the German Danzig, and noting that a significant portion of the Reichswehr would still be in Austria, gambles and announces his willingness for the vote to happen, but that it must occur by mid September. Germany agrees.
September 10, 1937 Less than a week before the Polish Corridor referendum, the Reichstag approves sweeping minority rights legislation. This will be the centerpiece of a wave of radio broadcasts in a German campaign to win over Kashubians to the German Republic. Emphasis is also placed in the broadcasts on Sorbs, another Slavic group living within the Republic who have done well, as well as making distinction between the Kashubians and the Poles.
September 15, 1937 The Polish Corridor referendum, though fraught with fraud on both sides, shows a majority in favor of unification with the German Republic. Very high turnout in Danzig is one factor; another is the substantial minority of Kashubian voters who also vote for unification with Germany. While the German minority legislation and 11th hour campaign are believed to have been important factors, most historians believe the deciding factors were actually the stability in recent years of the German government and their substantially better economic performance during the Great Depression than most nations in Europe and indeed the world.
September 16, 1937 When the result of the referendum starts to become clear, Poland repudiates it as rigged and begins to move troops into the region as a ‘stabilizing measure’. However, within hours of the Polish actions, heavy German troop movement is reported all along the border with Germany, many being identified as troops believed to be in Austria, and even the Czechs appear to be mobilizing. Fearing a general invasion is about to occur, Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły begins to redeploy troops to hold off a large scale invasion and protect the capitol and key industrial centers.
September 17, 1937 In the predawn hours the Germans strike as expected in the Polish Corridor, but in an unexpected manner. Paratroops land throughout the narrow corridor, within the lines of the Polish forces in the region. While there were many problems with the drop, the surprise move throws the Polish forces within the corridor into confusion, which is taken advantage of by German troops moving in from Germany proper and East Germany. The German Chancellor announces that the intention of the Germans is to only enforce the will of the people in the recent referendum. Rydz-Śmigły refuses offers of assistance from the Soviets.
September 25, 1937 The leaders of France and Great Britain meet with the Germans in Hamburg to discuss the Polish Crisis. By this time, Polish troops have been expelled from the narrow Polish Corridor, allowing the formation of a continuous defensive line between now linked East Prussia and the rest of Germany. Despite Marshal Rydz-Śmigły’s continued belief that the Germans will launch a full out assault, the Germans and Czechs have taken up defensive positions only and no further incursions into Poland have occurred. The entire threatened invasion was an enormous bluff playing on Polish fears which tied down the bulk of their battle ready troops. After personal assurances by President Lettow-Vorbeck himself, the British and French agree to support the annexation of the Polish Corridor to Germany in return for Germany finally accepting the rest of their Eastern border with Poland and allowing liberal access through to the Baltic for Polish businesses. With no support from the West, and fear of the Soviets, the Poles feel no choice but to tacitly accept what they refer to as ‘the selling out of Poland’.
October 1, 1937 Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain returns in triumph to London announcing that they shall have ‘peace in our time’ and that ‘President Lettow-Vorbeck is an honorable man who we may trust to keep his word, both for himself and his nation’.
November 10, 1937 Vargas, ruling by decree, makes a broadcast to the people of Brazil in which he states his plans to assume dictatorial powers under the second new constitution of his regime derived from European fascist models, thereby curtailing presidential elections (his ultimate objections) and dissolving congress.
November 17, 1937 Under the Estado Novo, the Brazilian state announces an ambitious Five-Year Plan whose goals included the expansion of heavy industry, the creation of new sources of hydroelectric power, and the expansion of the railway network to develop Brazil's capital base. Empirical data will confirm that Vargas is advancing the bourgeois revolution, at least to an extent.


1938
January 1, 1938 Polish president Ignacy Mościcki is forced out of office by the military, and Foreign Minister Józef Beck is made president, while Marchal Rydz-Śmigły retains control of the army.
January 15, 1938 Poland formally joins the Axis. This is a bittersweet moment for Beck, as Poland is finally starting to become part of a ‘Third Europe’, but one led by Italy, not Poland.
May 1, 1938 On a date possibly chosen for irony, then nations of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Germany, and Czechoslovakia announce a Northern European Alliance to defend against Communism, the Soviets particularly, and Fascism. Quietly, Great Britain has given assurances of support for the group as well.
July 14, 1938 First jet airplane flight occurs at Heinkel Field.
September 5, 1938 Aware of the need of modern industry for abundant sources of power, Brazilian leader Vargas creates the National Petroleum Company to search for oil.
December 25, 1938 Pedro Aguirre Cerda of the Popular Front is elected president of Chile. He implements education reforms, but dies in 1941 while in office.

1939
January 13, 1939 Nuclear Fission discovered by Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and coworkers at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institute for Chemistry in Berlin.
February 9, 1939 Bulgaria joins the Axis ‘Pact of Steel’ with Italy and Hungary.
April 17, 1939 Italy attacks Albania, taking control of the small nation in the name of King Victor Emmanuel III.
June 23, 1939 The Nationalists have taken Madrid, and Franco declares victory, becoming the Fascist dictator of Spain.
November 4, 1939 Start of the Yugoslavian Crisis. Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria invade Yugoslavia, threatening the complete partition the country. Within days Yugoslavia stands on the brink of collapse. German forces in German Austria mobilize along the border, but the British and French demand that the Italians meet for mediation.
October 1, 1939 The Trieste Conference results in Italy and her allies being forced by France and the UK to accept token concessions; mostly some Dalmatian coast and islands for Italy, and strips of adjacent land to the borders of Hungary and Bulgaria, though overall Yugoslavia will be spared from disassembly. The UK is able to demand that the concessions do not cut Yugoslav borders off from other nations in the area.
December 9, 1939 Yugoslavia requests admission to the Northern European Alliance. After heavy lobbying from the German government, the Alliance accepts them.

[Glen]

The timeline thus far up to 1949.
The 1940s are shaping up, and I think almost ready for prime-time. I tinkered a bit with the events pre/post Romanian war, to make it so that the Romanians were trying to get into the Axis at first, but wouldn't make the land concessions Hungary and Bulgaria wanted, and thus was invaded before they could go shopping for a better deal. Afterwards they join the NEA. The Greek crisis I similarly adjusted, stating that the French and British considered once more their Mutt and Jeff act, but fell out over a difference in approach; the French willing to continue Italian appeasement whereas the British were finally getting sick and tired of it and wanted a firmer stance, and thus turns to the Germans and the NEA for support. This then sets the stage a bit for why the French go it alone in the Tunisian War, though the 'friendly neutrality' of the British and German led Alliance is almost as valuable to the French cause.

I decided that things were a little compressed, so I moved the Tunisian War from 1944 to 1945. I also specified that King Victor Emmanuel III forbids Mussolini from expanding the war when the NEA adamantly refuses to allow any transport of troops across their borders. I also added an Ethiopian uprising during the war (with weapons smuggled by the French and the British).

In the Treaty of Nice, I had the Italians also lose Albania which regains its independence, and Ethiopia/Eritrea which is given independence. I know the British don't want the French in East Africa, but an independent Ethiopia should be okay. However, I decided to go with p99 on Italian Somaliland and let the Italians retain it. To explain why the Brits were getting their way, I specified that it was a British mediated treaty.

I removed the reference to Bulgaria post Tunisian war. They just aren't that unstable that this would cause a political change, I think. They will likely liberalize gradually.

I moved up the Hapsburg restoration to 1948. I think that would happen earlier. I also made a little mystery as to how 'natural' Horthy's heart attack was.

Major things to still resolve in the 1940s? Mainly who wins the 1948 presidential election in the USA. I'm leaning towards a Pepper presidency. That would give most of the Western World their 'left wing' governments, which might help increase international cooperation between them, which I think is important for the continued health of the German Republic.

For now, I have left Uruguay going Communist. However, given that this happens in 1942, I want to know what people think that the US will do, as well as the quasi-fascist nations of South America with this small nation of Reds. I have a hard time imagining them being left in peace.

I have also left the material regarding Vietnam to 1949 intact. However, I wanted p99 to clarify if the Viet Minh are doing better or worse than OTL up to this point. I think they would be doing worse overall, given the differing fortunes of France ITTL. Also, is that drought you mention in Vietnam one that happened in OTL that summer?

Let's get the 1920s-1940s nailed down, and then move on to the contentious 1950s...

Weimar World Timeline: 1940-49

1940
January 14, 1940 Brazil's manufacturing output has increased substantially over the decade, but coffee production has declined. As a result, to further placate the forces of the old order, the government between 1934-37 and under the Estado Novo also has invested considerably in the expansion of coffee production. Coffee is also the principal foreign exchange export earner.
May 12, 1940 Presidential and Reichstag elections held. President Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck in his second election becomes the first President of the Republic to win a majority on the first ballot. With the addition of Catholic Austria to the Republic, the Center party and its allied minor parties are winners as well, and the new Center Party leader Konrad Adenauer becomes Chancellor of Germany (though still in a center-right coalition government).
September 1, 1940 Romanian negotiations to join the Axis break down over demands of land concessions to Hungary and Bulgaria. Fearing that the Romanians may instead join the Alliance, Hungary launches their long considered war against Romania over Transylvania. Their allies the Bulgarians simultaneously attack into Dobruja.
September 24, 1940 The Romanians were doing well against the Italian supported Hungarians and Bulgarians when the Soviets launch a surprise action into Bessarabia. Shortly thereafter, the Romanians are forced to cede Bessarabia to the Soviets in order to save their nation from them and return their attentions to the Hungarians and Bulgarians.
October 24, 1940 Much progress has been made in Brazil since Vargas came to power ten years ago. Cement production increases to 700,000 tons from 87,000 tons in October 24, 1930. Brazil's capacity for electricity generation reachs 1 million kilowatts, of which 60 percent was located in the São Paulo area, primarily due to the construction of hydroelectric power stations. Iron and steel output went up to 150,000 tons in 1939-40. The number of manufacturing enterprises more than double during the decade leading up to this date, reaching 50,000. Factories in the São Paulo area employ 35 percent of the industrial labor force and generate 43 percent of the value of industrial production. Aside from the export of textiles, the manufacturing industries serve the domestic market almost exclusively. Brazil has 44,100 plants employing 944,000 workers; the comparable figure for December 31, 1920 was 13,336 plants with about 300,000 workers.
November 5, 1940 Arthur Vandenberg is elected President of the United States of America.
December 25, 1940 Romanian soldiers and civilians celebrate as the last of Hungarian and Bulgarian retreat from Romania.

1941
January 20, 1941 Romania joins the Northern European Alliance.
February 19, 1941 Communist activist Ho Chi Minh returns to Vietnam after 30 years in exile and organizes a nationalist organization named the Viet Minh.
June 1, 1941 As relations with Japan remain strained, and Europe seems more risky with both the Northern European Alliance and Axis Pact of Steel to deal with, Stalin begins a secret military build up on the Manchurian-Soviet and the Mongolian-Manchurian border, with Geory Zhukov in command.
July 30, 1941 By the end of the month 30 Russian divisions are in the Far East, the Soviets have an advantage 2:1 in men, 4:1 in tanks and vehicles and 3:1 in aircrafts.
August 9th 1941 The Second Russo-Japanese war starts. The Soviets launch a two front attack with the city of Harbin as their first goal.
August 12, 1941 At the Battle of Vladivostsk, the Soviet Far East Fleet’s attempt to escape is foiled and the majority of the fleet is destroyed.
August 16th 1941 Peruvian forces capture Cuenca after heavy fighting. Both sides are exhausted and both sides agree a cease-fire. But secret pledges by the Colombian government that they will join the conflict helps the Ecuadorians to break the cease fire on September 10th 1941 after the arrival of Colombian “volunteers” and weapons.
August 18, 1941 The Sakalin campaign launched by the Japanese.
September 26th 1941 Ecuadorian counter offensive recaptures Cuenca. Peru prepares for a final offensive to try to end the conflict.
October 10th 1941 Coastal offensive started by Peru.
November 3, 1941 The Sakalin campaign ends with a combined army-marine Japanese effort successfully conquering the northern half of the island.
November 16, 1941 Due to the terrain and stubborn Japanese resistance it is not until the middle of November that Soviets reach Harbin. The siege of Harbin begins.
November 21, 1941 Czechoslovakia formally changes its name to the Central European Republic.
December 7th 1941 Guayaquil falls to Peruvian army. Peru sends terms of surrender to Ecuador. Ecuador after consideration and further promises by Colombia refuses. A December ceasefire agreed by both sides, in reality both sides are exhausted.
December 20, 1941 The Hungarians and Bulgarians give up their attempts at Romania and withdraw to the 1940 borders.
December 24, 1941 An informal ceasefire due to weather conditions has set in and both sides consolidate their positions.

1942
February 8, 1942 Ecuadorian counter offensive starts in attempt to recapture Guayaquil, casualties mount especially between Colombian volunteers. The offensive is called off on March 2nd 1942 after failing in their objectives.
February 9, 1942 Peruvian counter offensive starts in an attempt to recapture Cuenca. With majority of enemy forces facing Guayaquil the city falls by February 21st 1942.
February 15, 1942 President Baldomir dissolves the General Assembly in Montevideo and asks the opposition parties to join in defeating the military. Uruguay Civil War starts. Colorado Party changes name to Uruguayan Communist Party.
February 24, 1942 The ceasefire comes to an end when the Japanese begin their effort to relieve Harbin.
March 9, 1942 The Harbin relief effort collapses for the Japanese. Japanese inflict severe losses upon the Soviets in this attack but fail in their objective.
March 11, 1942 Ecuador accepts terms of Peru. Peru gains all disputed territory plus El Oro province.
March 17, 1942 Harbin falls to the Soviets. A Japanese offer of peace in exchange for accepting Soviet border claims in Manchuria is rejected.
April 1, 1942 The Deep Thrust; Soviet forces, finally in better terrain than the northern part of Manchuria launch a combined arms operation to destroy the Japanese presence in Manchuria.
April 12, 1942 Liberal leader Jorge Eliezer Gaitan asks for the resignation of the current Colombian government. He blamed them for the thousands of casualties incurred during the just ended conflict and the economic chaos the nation was suffering. The lower classes, from were the majority of the casualties came from and the ones suffering more of the slow recovery from the Depression, flock to him especially in the cities.
April 23, 1942 India is divided into a loose confederation of Hindu majority provinces, Muslim majority ones, and the Sikh Azaz Punjab. Each province is governed with a high degree of autonomy except for foreign affairs, communications, defense, and finances needed for nationwide affairs. The central government is located in Delhi. There was some opposition by all sides to this final arrangement but after some violence it was accepted; it was this or the dismembering of India.
May 1, 1942 Gandhi assassinated by a disgruntled INC fanatic.
May 15 1942 Ceasefire agreement between Japan and Nationalist Chinese allows Japan to move more forces to face the Soviets.
May 20, 1942 Eliezer Gaitan assassinated while giving speech in Bogota. Start of the Colombian Civil War. Liberal sympathizers take to the streets to fight government forces.
May 29, 1942 Liberal forces capture Bogota. Alfonso Lopez Pumarejo declared President by the Liberals. Incumbent President Eduardo Santos flees to Cartagena and asks for international recognition of his cabinet as the true government of Colombia.
June 3, 1942 The Brazilian government establishes the Companhia Vale do Rio Doce to exploit the rich iron-ore deposits of Itabira.
June 6, 1942 The largest air battle ever seen is fought on this day. Both sides claim victory, but it appears to be a narrow victory for the Soviets through the sheer number of Soviet planes, not by technical or equipment advantages of which they have none; the Japanese machines are superior and Japanese pilots are about even in quality.
June 18 1942 Two Soviet tank divisions fight an ad-hoc formation equivalent to a reinforced armored brigade near Mukden. The Soviets have mostly T-26s, but with a considerable number of T-34s as well; the Japanese have Type 95 tanks. After the Soviet victory, the Japanese recognize the failure of their tank designs and begin searching abroad for new models.
July 12, 1942 The Japanese have been expelled from most of Manchuria and forced to a defensive line on the Yalu River.
July 28, 1942 Nationalist China refuses to let Japanese forces in China attack north, threatening to end the ceasefire agreement if the Japanese attack the Soviets from Chinese soil.
August 10, 1942 After a lull of one month to recover, the Soviets begin their offensive into Korea.
September 14, 1942 Uruguayan Civil War ends. Communist Party wins and declares the People’s Republic of Uruguay. While neutral, this nation turns into a sanctuary for communist sympathizers from Argentina and neighboring countries. Inmediatly recognized by the Soviet Union.
October 7, 1942 The Japanese evacuation of the Liounyan Peninsula culminates with the destruction of the Port Arthur facilities.
November 25, 1942 Juan Antonio Ríos Morales, a member of the Radical Party, is elected president of Chile.
December 31, 1942 The Japanese front is a line anchored by Wonsan and running from there west. Japanese offers of peace (Manchuria to the Soviets, Korea to the Japanese) are considered by Stalin, but rejected.

1943
March 23, 1943 The first jet fighter is developed by RLM using engine design of Anselm Franz.
April 6, 1943 The Japanese launch their counter-offensive. The slow grinding Soviet offensive has been continual throughout the year, but with the arrival of Japanese forces from China and the Japanese shorter supply lines the Soviet casualties are finally beginning to be felt. The Soviet push into Korea has bogged down. With Japan still controlling the seas, it has become a slow, grinding fight all the way down the peninsula, as the Soviets have to take on every fortified pass. The mountainous terrain also does much to negate the Soviet armor advantage. The Japanese actually gain ground and recapture Seoul.
May 13, 1943 The military ousts Argentina's constitutional government.
June 18 1943 After mediation by the United States, the Second Russo-Japanese War ends when Stalin accepts the last Japanese offer of borders drawn based on the front lines. Manchuria will become the People’s Republic of Manchuria under Mao Tse Tong, but with Soviet troops stationed there guaranteeing they remain within the Soviet sphere. North Korea too becomes a Communist satellite of the USSR. Japan, bled dry by the war, also formalizes the ceasefire with Nationalist China.
August 5, 1943 Vargas announces for Brazil a twelve year plan for growth into the interior. To distance himself from the newly defeated Mussolini he begins to go back to some of his left-centre ideologies. The opening of Southern Brazil for homesteading, a more open stance on immigration, and land reforms are key points to his plan. Vargas opens the frontier by opening forts and oil towns around the west and south.
September 20, 1943 In the wake of the Japanese performance in the Second Russo-Japaneses war, the Emperor dismisses the militarists and installs more democratically minded ministers.
October 28, 1943 Axis powers launch a surprise invasion of Greece. Bulgaria hit a wall from the very beginning but Italy made some minimal gains before also being stopped. The UK and France consider forcing another conference to deal with the situation, but fall apart with the UK wanting to take a more aggressive stance whereas France wishes to continue the appeasement policy of the past several years.
November 21, 1943 the Greeks, with secret shipment of weapons from the British coming from Egypt, launches a counter offensive that recaptures most of the lost territory.
December 1, 1943 Faced with French disinterest in a confrontation with Italy, the UK instead turns to the German Republic and the Northern European Alliance, jointly sending a demarche to the Axis powers to withdraw to their borders or a state of war will exist between them. The Axis received 72 hours to comply. Europe is on the brink of a major war.
December 2, 1943 Armed forces of the Northern European Alliance begin to mobilize. Axis nations’ leaders meet in an emergency meeting in Rome.
December 3, 1943 Axis begins withdrawing from Greece. German President Lettow-Vorbeck announces this as a victory for the democracies of Europe. He also states that the Balkans is not a playfield that could be trampled on by the fascist nations and invites both Turkey and Greece to join their European Alliance.

1944
January 7, 1944 The A-4 rocket has its first successful launch at Peenemünde.
February 7, 1944 Turkey asks for membership of the Northern European Alliance. With borders with both communists and fascists they consider this their best course of action.
February 21, 1944 Greece asks for membership to the Northern European Alliance. With their pre-Greek crisis neutrality stance shot to bits by the actions of the Axis they decide like the Turkish government that their best course of action was to join the Northern European Alliance.
June 5, 1944 Brazil creates a company for the production of materials needed by the chemical industry.
November 7, 1944 President Vandenberg wins re-election in the USA.

1945
March 2nd 1945 Border dispute on Tunisian-Libyan border. Small casualties on both sides. Mussolini asks for an apology from the French government, even when his troops were the ones that stray into French territory.
March 9th 1945 Secret buildup of Italian forces in Libya is started under the guise of a military exercise.
April 4th 1945 Italian forces cross into Tunisia in force. While overall the French border fortifications resisted the onslaught, breakthroughs by Italian forces forced the French to abandon the border fortifications and withdrew north on the 7th.
April 13th 1945 Italian forces capture Gabes. French offer cease-fire to discuss border adjustments. But Mussolini refuses out of hand and dreams of pushing the French out of Tunisia altogether and of even greater ones.
April/June 1945 Italian forces continued their advance in Tunisia while French fought a defensive strategy while moving forces into the theater. The Italian advance to the interior in the direction of the Kasserine Pass bogged down but the city of Sfax was captured the 4th of June. Italians have the initiative on all theaters during this period.
April 18th 1945 A motorized corps is organized in France, composed of the 3rd and 4th Armored plus the 1st DLM under the command of Charles de Gaulle for deployment to Africa.
April 19th 1945 Italy expands the war with the beginning of an air campaign directed at the French airfields on the south of France and Corsica. The French responded in kind with attacks to Italian air bases in northern Italy. So far into the war both sides are not targeting civilian targets. By the end of April, French aircrafts coming from the north turn this campaign into a stalemate but the Italians ruled the skies over Corsica.
April 20th 1945 French Somaliland surrenders to Italian forces.
April 28th 1945 Battle of Convoy FG28- Two Italian light cruiser with destroyer escorts tried to intercept this convoy. Unknown to them this convoy was escorted by the battle cruiser Bretagne, a light cruiser and destroyers. On the ensuing battle one Italian cruiser was sunk and the other suffers considerable damage while the French losses were minimal. The French convoys to North Africa thereafter were only affected by an overall ineffective submarine campaign.
May 1st 1945 Charles de Gaulle and lead elements arrive to Algiers. Rest of his Corps will be in theater and ready to enter combat by the end of the month.
May 8th 1945 In the biggest airborne operation in history, two airborne divisions dropped on the island of Corsica and caught the small garrison unprepared. The island is considered secure by the 18th of May after the arrival of another division by sea on the 10th to help consolidate the situation.
May 10th 1945 1st naval Battle of Corsica. The French cruiser Algiers, a light cruiser and escorts clashed with the ships escorting the infantry division on bound to Corsica. The Vittorio Veneto and the Roma made mincemeat of the French ships, sinking both the Algiers and the light cruiser with the lost of a single destroyer. Mussolini hailed this victory as a sign of the Italian superiority in battleships.
May 15th 1945 Mussolini offers terms to French to accept the current situation as permanent. The French refuse out of hand.
May 22nd 1945 French government receives assurances from the German nation that they will stay neutral in this conflict. Great Britain guaranteed this, even stating they will side with the French if Germany breaks their word. Story is that German President Lettow -Vorbeck said. “Your flank is secure. Go deal with our would-be Caesar, and when his little sticks are kindling, tell him Arminius says hello.”
May 24th 1945 French High Command began swift of forces south. While still leaving a sizeable force on the border with Germany, the bulk of the forces in Northern France began to move south in preparation of the one-two punch planned by the French leaders.
June 6th 1945 2nd naval Battle of Corsica. The French plan to gain naval superiority in the immediate waters of Corsica was a classic battle facing two battleships on each side were the lines of communication with the Italian garrison in Corsica was on the balance. The French battleships Richelieu and Jean Bart suffered moderate and slight damage respectively but they fared better than their Italian counterparts. The Duilio was sunk while the Roma suffered severe damage and has to withdraw in the direction of Taranto for repairs.
June 8th 1945 The sinking of the Roma. The battleship Roma, moving away from Corsica after being damaged in battle, is sunk by an aerial attack launched from the aircraft carrier Bearn. While many said the ship prior damage in battle is the real reason it was sunk, this action together with the actions of the Japanese fleet during the Russo-Japanese fleet proved the aircraft carrier was the future of naval forces.
June14th 1945 Italian forces in Tunisia stop offensive operations due to weariness. By now the forces involved have been fighting close to two months without rest and where close to been exhausted. Reinforcements and replacements were been marshaled in southern Italy for the trip to Libya.
June 29th 1945 British government closes the Suez Canal to all military traffic, even troop carriers.
July 3rd 1945- Simultaneous campaigns launched in the French-Italian border and in Tunisia.
July 4th 1945 Late on the afternoon Corps d’Afrique under de Gaulle achieves breakthrough and began his race for Gabes.
July 5th 1945 General Graziani recognizes the danger of the French breakthrough and orders a general withdraw before his forces get encircled.
July 8th 1945 First registered use of gas in the war. Use by Italian forces on the Alps to defeat a French attack against a fortified position.
July 9th 1945 Forces marked for reinforcement of the Tunisian effort have to be deviated north to help stop the French attack on the Alps. Forces in Tunisia were left to fend for themselves.
July 9th 1945 First registered use of gas in Tunisia. Forces escaping from the Kasserine front use gas in their attempt to break free. The shock of the use of gas made possible the escape of the majority of the forces in that front back to the border.
July 10th 1945 First bombardment of cities. Cities on Nice, Marseilles and Grenoble received the “visit” of Italian bombers. French responded later on the day with attacks to Genoa and Milan.
July 11th - 12th 1945 The Corps d’Afrique fought the biggest mechanized battle ever with the Ariete armored division and the Trieste motorized one, part of the forces trying to escape encirclement north of Gabes. Both forces suffered heavy casualties but the Italians failed in their attempt to escape encirclement. De Gaulle units pocketed the Sfax force.
July 19th 1945 Battered Italians forces reached the Tunisian-Libyan border and began to dig in. 75,000 Italians soldiers are surrounded on the Tunisian coast south of Sfax and north of Gabes.
July 23rd 1945 Offensive on the Alps stopped with minimal gains. Some news reporters compared the casualties suffered by the French “as a replay of the Great War.” Still Mussolini was forced by his own casualties to ask his Axis allies for help.
July 24th 1945 Germany and all members of the Northern European Alliance refuse the final Axis petition for right of transit of land and air forces through their territories. Instead, forces must be sent by circuitous routes in the case of Bulgaria and Hungary, and Poland can only send ‘volunteers’ through civilian transportation, with no equipment. Mussolini considers declaring war on the Northern European Alliance over this ‘obstructionism’, but King Victor Emmanuel III forbids a widening of the war.
August 3rd 1945 French Foreign Legion 3rd REI opens gap on Italian forces in Libyan border. De Gaulle Corps d’ Afrique, now reduced to two under strength divisions in manpower, pours thru the gap. Italian forces began disorganized withdraw east.
August 5th 1945 General LeClerc’s Army of Central Africa began invasion of southern Libya from French Equatorial Africa. Opposition is minimal with Italian forces escaping north.
August 13th 1945 De Gaulle enters city of Tripoli. General Graziani sacked by Mussolini.
August 20 1945 Ethiopians surreptitiously armed by the British and French begin an insurrection against the Italians.
August 22nd 1945 French forces capture el Agheila. French forces in control of Tripolitania and southern Libya. Mussolini offers peace based on the pre-war borders. France, sure now of their ability to take the war to the enemy, refuses to event discuss those terms. War continues.
September 1st 1945 The bomber campaigns began. Both nations began bomber campaigns against each other cities. These raids continued thru the rest of the war and affected more Italy, due to their industrial sites being located in the northern cities for the most part.
September 4th 1945 Franco rejected the plea of Mussolini to join the war on the Axis side. He used as an excuse that his nation was still recovering from the effects of the Civil War.
September 5th 1945 Italian forces pocketed in Tunisia surrender and go into captivity. More than 70,000 men were captured.
September 18th 1945 French forces launch amphibious invasion of Sardinia. Small garrison on the island overwhelm in 10 days after heavy casualties for both sides.
September 19th 1945 Battle of the Tylerrian Sea. Battleship Impero and escorts intercepted by the battleship Jean Bart and the battle cruiser Lorraine. The aftermath was the destruction of the Impero while the Lorraine suffered severe damage and it took years to repair the extensive damage it suffered. The Italian navy never again tried to contend the French domain of the sea.
September 21, 1945 End of the severe famine due to drought near Hanoi and surrounding areas kills close to one million people but more are saved by a League of Nations effort to help the people in the area. However, Ho Chi Minh uses this drought to recruit members for his movement.
December 23, 1945 Ho Chi Minh launches their first large-scale attack against the French. By now the Viet Minh are 30,000 strong and the numbers continue to grow.
October 2nd 1945 Simultaneous offensives launched in Africa and northern Italy by the French. This time French forces are prepared for chemical warfare and they expect to break the Italian lines this time.
October 7th 1945 With the Italian lines on the verge of collapse, nerve gas is used for first time in history to try to stop the French. The French offensive is stopped due to the terrible casualties inflicted to the unprepared troops. The results of the use of this experimental weapon never tested were a shock to both the Italians and the rest of the world.
October 9th 1945 With world public opinion outraged by the use of this new weapon and the latest ill-fortunes of the Italian forces being made public to the Italians, King Victor Emmanuel III asks Mussolini for his resignation. Mussolini, after a late bid to save his position, gave his resignation early in the morning of the 10th of October.
October 10th 1945 Count Ciano, Italian temporary leader offers peace based on October 1st frontlines. The offer is refused.
October 14th 1945 Benghazi captured by French forces. Italians continue their escape east.
October 21st 1945 Tobruk abandoned by Italian forces. More than 20,000 men flee by sea from this port before the evacuation of the city. Italian forces are actually fleeing east. Any sense of trying to defend is now gone.
October 28th 1945 Bardia and Fort Capputo surrenders to French forces. Close to 50,000 men cross into Egypt to be interned.
October 31 1945 The French gained the initiative in mid June and never lost it. Their simultaneous campaigns in July, while one of them could be considered a failure, were too much for the Italian forces. Even with reinforcements from their Axis allies the tide could not be turned back, especially when efforts went in vain to get Franco’s Spain to join the war. By the end of October the end was near.
November 11th 1945 Italian garrison in Corsica asks for terms due to the lack of supplies and according to their commander, “To ease the suffering of the civilians on the island.”
December 15th 1945 “The Christmas Offensive” starts. The French used chemicals weapons offensively for the first time in the war and a small amphibious force was landed behind the enemy lines.
December 18th 1945 The landing behind the lines is contained on the beachheads but the front line on the passes was ready to burst. With both forces near exhaustion
December 21, 1945 Italian defenses on the passes were broken. The road to Northern Italy was open for the French.
December 23rd 1945 Count Ciano asks for a ceasefire to discuss terms of surrender. After deliberation the French government agreed.

1946
January 15, 1946 Conservative Eduardo Cruz-Coke Lassabe is elected president of Chile.
January 29th 1946 The British mediated Treaty of Nice is signed. The terms were harsh but not as bad as expected. The French recover French Somaliland and kept Libya and Sardinia. Albania was granted its independence. Abyssinia also regained its independence once more and was given Eritrea as a sea access, both as a reward for the Abyssinian insurrection that tied down Italian troops and to placate the UK, who did not wish to see the French presence grow in East Africa. Similarly, Italian Somaliland stayed on the hands of the Italians due to British worries about French encroachment in East Africa and their preference to have now a weak Italy in control of that area than a strong France. The Franco-Italian border was demilitarized. The Italian army was reduced to 200,000 men and prohibited from having chemical weapons or armored vehicles. Also the two newest remaining battleships, the Littorio and the Vittorio Veneto were taken by the French as war booty while the Italian navy had to discard their submarine fleet and was prohibited from building more battleships, aircraft carriers or ships with guns bigger than 12”. Italy’s bid to be a major power was over. Another result of this treaty was the effective end of the Axis alliance, as the Italians were forced to repudiate all previous security agreements.
February 20, 1946 Perón is victorious in Argentine elections. He aggressively pursues policies aimed at giving an economic and political voice to the working class and greatly expanding the number of unionized workers.
June 3, 1946 the National Motor Company begins the production of trucks.
August 14, 1946 Dictator Vargas of Brazil sees the realization of one of his cherished dreams; The National Steel Company begins production at the Volta Redonda plant between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
August 26, 1946 Philippines awarded their independence by the United States; a very peaceful transition from Commonwealth to Republic.
August 29, 1946 Start of communist guerilla campaign in China. Chiang accuses the Soviet and the Republic of Manchuria of aiding the rebels, charges they deny.
September 27, 1946 Communist forces capture Xian. Evidence of heavy artillery and crew served weapons verified by foreign witnesses.
October 18, 1946 US President Arthur Vandenberg pledge his support to the government of the Republic of China. Loans are granted to purchase newer equipment to fight the communist aggression.

1947
January 14, 1947 Communist insurrection started in Luzon Island by a group later know as the Huks.
February 4, 1947 President Lettow-Vorbeck announces that he will not seek re-election to the Presidency.
February 14th 1947 First free elections in Italy since the 1920’s. A coalition of center-left factions wins the election as a response of the electorate to the failure of the fascists during the war.
March 13, 1947 Communist strikes on the Japanese port of Osaka and other major ports turns violent. Troops called to break the disturbances. Japanese Communist Party outlawed as a result. Emergency powers are given to Admiral Yamamoto to rule Japan until the Communist menace is eliminated.
April 20, 1947 The first successful test detonation of an atomic bomb performed by Germany.
June 20, 1947 In the second dual Presidential and Reichstag elections, the SPD candidate, senior statesman Otto Braun wins the presidency on the second ballot. SPD leader Erich Ollenhauer becomes Chancellor of a center-left coalition government. He and UK Labour Government Prime Minister Clement Attlee would come to work closely together over the years.

1948
March 29, 1948 Werner von Braun becomes head of the new civilian German Space Agency he has lobbied for years to have formed.
April 8, 1948 Admiral Yamamoto announces the Emergency is over and elections will be held on June 8th 1948 to elect a new Prime Minister. The Japanese communist movement has been stamped out. With their leader dead, jailed or gone into exile the movement is effectively dead.
June 12, 1948 Mohammed Hatta and Sukarno ask the Dutch Government in a letter published in Batavia to begin a process of gradual independence to Indonesia. Both are jailed for sedition.
March 12 1948 Miklos Horthy is reported to die from a heart attack in his sleep. Shortly thereafter, a popular coup is launched against the fascist government by a coalition of republicans and monarchists, secretly sponsored by the German government. As part of the coalition agreement, a constitutional monarchy is established under the Hapsburg heir, Otto I. However, in return for German assistance and non-interference, Otto renounces all claims to former Hapsburg lands outside of Hungary proper. One of the first acts of the new government is to repeal the oppressive numerus clausus and anti-Semitic laws.
October 5, 1948 Japan is accepted back as a member of the League of Nations after Admiral Yamamoto put in a request for admittance as one of his last officials acts as de facto ruler of Japan.

1949
February 7, 1949 With Huk influence now covering more than ¾ of the island of Luzon, the Philippines government ask the League of Nations for help in stamping this rebellion. Japan pledge air support and two SNLF brigades to help defeating the rebellion. Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain and Germany also pledge their support but in a smaller scale than Japan.
February 11, 1949 The United States, worried by how much the League and especially Japan can extend their influence over Philippines, also offers help in the form of air support, loans for the purchase of weapons and a mix Marine-Army Task Force comprised of forces already stationed in Hawaii and the West Coast of the United States.
August 14, 1949 The last British forces leave India except for the ones in the Calcutta naval station, the airbase near Bombay, and sundry other bases necessary for the defense of the Commonwealth.
October 2, 1949 The German Reichstag passes an amendment to have the Presidential election go to a run-off if there is no majority winner in the first round.
October 4, 1949 The Chinese Communist stronghold in Yennan falls to Nationalist Army. End of organized communist resistance in China. While low-level guerilla warfare will continue the threat of a Communist insurrection achieving their goal of defeating Chiang’s government is considered over.
November 1, 1949 The guerilla war in Vietnam continues with no end in sight. By now the Viet Minh is close to 45,000 men strong.
December 2, 1949 Charles de Gaulle, a hero of the French-Italian war, ordered to Indochina to take command of the forces in the region.

[Glen]

luakel, I've decided not to include a sale of Micronesia into this timeline here. Let's instead have something like that happen in a divergent timeline.

Actually, all these ideas for divergences are great, as that was one of the things we suggested for the Weimar project, that it could serve as a base for all sorts of Weimar Worlds...

[Glen]

Does anyone have a map or a link to a map showing Japanese occupied areas of China just prior to the German invasion of Poland OTL?

[luakel]

luakel, I've decided not to include a sale of Micronesia into this timeline here. Let's instead have something like that happen in a divergent timeline.

OK. I've actually warmed to the idea of a Japanese Micronesia somewhat (blame it on all the HOI2 playing I've been doing recently), though I'd still like to see it belong to the US in the WWII divergence.

[Glen]

OK. I've actually warmed to the idea of a Japanese Micronesia somewhat (blame it on all the HOI2 playing I've been doing recently), though I'd still like ot see int belong to the US in the WWII divergence.

I believe that could be arranged...I'd suggest that in the Weimar World II (WWII ;) ) divergence, that a war between the US and Japan ala OTL would be the best way for that to happen...

[luakel]

I believe that could be arranged...I'd suggest that in the Weimar World II (WWII ;) ) divergence, that a war between the US and Japan ala OTL would be the best way for that to happen...
Would that world also see a Polish-German War in Europe? I think that, with the Anglo-Germans distracted, the Axis likely would've gotten away with taking Yugoslavia.

[Glen]

Would that world also see a Polish-German War in Europe? I think that, with the Anglo-Germans distracted, the Axis likely would've gotten away with taking Yugoslavia.

This was what I was thinking of, reposted for your convenience.


I've been thinking about the possible divergent scenario with a WWII analogue.

What if Mussolini didn't accept the German intervention in Austria, or rather, the subsequent Anschluss?

What if instead, he had made secret alliance with Hungary and Poland to declare war on Germany. Beck in Poland probably would have brokered this. I would also see Poland and Hugary having a side agreement to invade and divvy up Czechoslovakia as well.

So, the war starts with Germany (and Czechoslovakia?) against the arrayed forces of Poland, Hungary and Italy. France stays neutral, enjoying the carnage between her great competitors to the East, while the UK is technically neutral but supporting Germany overall. Yugoslavia has been bullied into allowing Hungary and Italy rights of passage. Romania is also remaining neutral at this point. The Soviets are neutral, but beginning to see some possibilities for land grabs, and start moving forces and commanders (ie Zhukov) from the Far East to their Western border. Maybe then an earlier Nomonhan happens, and is still a technical victory for the Soviets, but not as much as OTL, and it just pisses off the Japanese, who are regrouping and planning a counterstrike. Now Stalin has to start moving back those forces to cover his rear.

I figure the Germans reel at first under the initial onslaught, but not too badly. None of the enemies arrayed against them has developed the blitzkrieg concept or a good understanding of war of maneuver. Then the Germans teach them the concept the hard way.

As the German counter-offensive begins to pay dividends against Poland and Hungary (Italy they have the Alps interfering, so not so effective), the Yugoslavs surprise the Axis by declaring for Germany and cutting up the forces transitting through their nation. Maybe when things are beginning to look really bad for Poland, the Lithuanians declare for Germany and move in to retake Central Lithuania. The Soviets too declare against the Axis and try to grab some of Poland and Hungary, but due to the brewing trouble on the Japanese front, they are out of position and only make token gains.

So maybe the Soviets and Japanese will get into a real match out in Manchuria. Or maybe the Japanese get in just one more battle that teaches them not to mess with the Soviets, and they turn their eyes towards the US, where Roosevelt has decided to run for a third term. And so maybe after the German-Axis war, and the Soviet-Japanese conflict, we have a Pacific War....

[Glen]

These items for the 1950s on probably will need some adjusting depending on what we finalize for the 1940s.

1950
March 29, 1950 Process of Vietnamization of forces serving in Indochina started. By July 1954 close to 50% of French forces fighting the guerillas were Vietnamese soldiers. This was a result of the losses incurred during the French-Italian war, which created a manpower drain in the French forces at the time.
April 8, 1950 Combined United States-Japanese force capture Huk stronghold in Mt Abak. Casualties are heavy but Huk leader captured during operation. General Maxwell Taylor, US commander in theater, praised the performance of the Japanese soldiers and said this event could be the beginning of a closer relationship between both nations. Picture of Japanese and American soldiers jointly raising each other flags made the front page of Times Magazine.


1951
May 1, 1951 The Soviet Union test detonates its first atomic bomb, developed mostly from plans stolen from Germany through espionage.
May 8, 1951 Chinese and French officers met to discuss cooperation to eradicate Viet Minh on both side of their borders.
September 9, 1951 Operation Joint Strike started by both the Chinese and French in each other sides of the border. Operation last until the end of November and close to 15,000 enemy men are either killed or captured. With the destruction of the Viet Minh sanctuaries on the other side of the Chinese border the war entered a lull in the tempo of operations until the Viet Minh recovered from the terrible casualties of this operation.
December 8, 1951 With war in the Philippines winding down, the German detachment began embarkation home. The German detachment during the war never was bigger than a couple of close support bomber squadrons and two special civic action groups.

1952
January 3, 1952 League of Nations officially announces their mission to the Philippines to be over. Still Australians troops stayed until May 16th 1952 and Japanese forces until October 10th 1955.
February 6, 1952 Border clashes between Soviet Union and China in the Sinking-Soviet border and the Mongolian-Soviet border used by Stalin to launch an invasion of both borders areas. Sino-Soviet War of 1952-53 starts with this action. Stalin gambled that with his very public demonstration that he knows possessed the Atomic bomb the League of Nations wasn’t going to risk general war for some territory in the middle of Asia.

1953
March 10, 1953 Treaty of Beijing signed. Republic of China is forced to recognize lost of the province of Sinking to the Soviets and other small territorial concessions on the Mongolian-Chinese border. American President Thomas Dewey response to this treaty was that, “The fear of this new weapon, the atomic bomb, is the only reason the free nations of the world stood idle while this unequal treaty was imposed on the Chinese people.”
August 17, 1953 Mohammad Hatta and Sukarno, just released from prison after serving five years sentences, gave a speech asking the Indonesian people to fight for their freedom and to throw the Dutch out of their country. They immediately went into hiding. This date is considered the start of the Indonesian War of Independence or the Indonesian Insurrection, depending of the point of view.

1954
May 18, 1954 Charles de Gaulle is replaced as commander of the French forces in Indochina and retires from military service soon after to enter politics.
September 22, 1954 The Republic of China and the United Kingdom sign an extension of the lease of the city of Hong Kong that will finally end the British ownership of the city in the year 2050.
September 24, 1954 Secret meeting between Chinese government officials and moderate members of the Viet Minh promises covert support if they tone down their socialist leaning, turn more into a nationalist movement instead of a communist one and get rid of the more radical members of their movement.

1955
July 5, 1955 Trade and Cooperation Agreement signed by the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. Chiang’s victories over the guerillas in his country and over the Viet Minh gave him a false sense of security that came crashing down with the defeat in the war of 1952. Both Japan and his nation considered the Soviet Union the main threat and this treaty is the realization that their best approach was cooperation.

1957
March 2nd 1957 From his secret capital in the province of Aceh, self-proclaimed president of Indonesia, Sukarno, ask the Netherlands government to end the conflict and together to began a peaceful transition to independence. The Dutch response was to ask Sukarno to turn himself in and to end the rebellion. The impasse continued.
March 3, 1957 The German A-11 rocket launches the first satellite into orbit. This will be the last great achievement of an independent German Space Program, as spending priorities on domestic programs will not allow further unilateral funding for the very expensive Space program. The German government begins to seek partners for Space exploration.

1958
April 16th 1958- Chile and Peru signed the Andean Pact, a defensive agreement due to the fears caused by the fall of the Argentinean nation into communist and the current problems in neighboring Bolivia.
July 4, 1958 The Republic of Germany, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America pool their resources to launch a joint space initiative, the North Atlantic Space Agency. The Central European Republic and other Alliance nations soon join the group as junior partners.

1961
October 8, 1961 The Soviet Union shocks the world by sending the first man into orbit. Funding of the North Atlantic Space Agency will increase significantly as the member nations dedicate themselves to putting a base on the moon by 1980.

1969
June 2, 1969 NASA sends the first men to the moon (symbolically, a German, American, and Briton).
August 11, 1969 Germans celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the Weimar Constitution (date of its announcement).

1979
August 20, 1979 The NASA moon base, a capsule buried under the lunar soil, goes into operation, a year ahead of the deadline set in 1961.

2019
August 11, 2019 The date of the Centennial celebration of the Weimar Consitution and the German Republic.

[perdedor99]

The drought in Vietnam was historical. Less casualties than IOTL due to no WW2 and the help of League in relief of the victims. And the Vietminh is doinf about the same. But that all changes when China can take care of them after defeating their own communists.

[Wendell]

And another one, not certain where this version comes into play. I assume plan a was the preferred.
The Jews would insist upon Tel Aviv.....

[Glen]

The Jews would insist upon Tel Aviv.....

One would think. Note that in my version, I split the baby and gave Jaffa to Palestine and Tel Aviv to Israel.

It would also be very simple to shift that corridor you like to encompass Jaffa but not Tel Aviv.

[Wendell]

One would think. Note that in my version, I split the baby and gave Jaffa to Palestine and Tel Aviv to Israel.

It would also be very simple to shift that corridor you like to encompass Jaffa but not Tel Aviv.
True. That second map of your's was better, I think.

[Glen]

I'll see if I can find one. Anyway, I like most of what I see. I could see the U.S. working with Ho Chi Minh in TTL, especially if the U.S.S.R. was to be in an early decline.

Not certain that the USSR's decline will come soon enough for that, unless Ho Chi Minh repudiates communism. But even so, I have a hard time seeing ITTL the US taking the Vietnamese side over the French. Now the Japanese on the other hand...


Also, will this Ethipoia, presumably with Eritrea included, still retain the Selassie monarchy?

Yes.

Maybe he makes better decisions in TTL?

Not certain. Hmmm, maybe he decides to invite in German advisors?

And what becomes of Italian Somaliland? My guess is that the Brits unite it with theirs as per OTL.

How did that come about IOTL again? Don't know if it will or won't in this one...

[Nicole]

What about this?

[Glen]

It's as good as most, but it would involve a lot of displacing of persons, I suspect.

Why is it so important for the Jerusalem enclave to have sea access?

[Nicole]

Why is it so important for the Jerusalem enclave to have sea access?
So the British can get there if the Arab and Jewish states are being hostile (and let's face it- how often have former non-settler colonies liked their colonizers at independence, especially if said colonizer just displaced alot of their people?)

[Glen]

So the British can get there if the Arab and Jewish states are being hostile (and let's face it- how often have former non-settler colonies liked their colonizers at independence, especially if said colonizer just displaced alot of their people?)

That's what the airport is for.

Look, if things get 'rough', then one or the other of those nations can close off that narrow corridor in a snap.

If Britain needs to get rough, they park an aircraft carrier off the coast and fly in and out of Jerusalem all they want. If they want to get even cuter, that's what the Royal Marines are for.

[Glen]

We need events documenting the happier history of Zepplins in this timeline, the development of speed steam trains in the 1930s/40s, male bicycling in America, and the continuing dominance of German Film on the continent throughout the twentieth century...

[Glen]

Somalia was united by the British after WWII when they liberated Italy's colonies...

Well, then it seems somewhat unlikely that we would see such ITTL, doesn't it?

Now, in the alternate war one, that would be likelier....

[Wendell]

That's what the airport is for.

Look, if things get 'rough', then one or the other of those nations can close off that narrow corridor in a snap.

If Britain needs to get rough, they park an aircraft carrier off the coast and fly in and out of Jerusalem all they want. If they want to get even cuter, that's what the Royal Marines are for.
Suppose you can't fly, or the airport is taken?

[Glen]

Suppose you can't fly, or the airport is taken?

A port can be taken just as an airport can. The main difference in this era between having an airport as your link versus a port as your link is tonnage shipping. Basically, if they can take Jerusalem, they can take Jaffa. If the British are willing to free Jaffa, they are willing to free Jerusalem. Requiring Jerusalem to have a corridor to the sea is archaic.

[Wendell]

A port can be taken just as an airport can. The main difference in this era between having an airport as your link versus a port as your link is tonnage shipping. Basically, if they can take Jerusalem, they can take Jaffa. If the British are willing to free Jaffa, they are willing to free Jerusalem. Requiring Jerusalem to have a corridor to the sea is archaic.
Then, why are Britain's bases in Cyprus on the coast and not inland?

[Glen]

Then, why are Britain's bases in Cyprus on the coast and not inland?

Why does the US have Ramstein in Germany?

Wendell, you know full well those are NAVAL bases for the hosting and resupply of British Naval forces, not to link some largish British controlled enclave with the rest of the world.

If you are telling me that the corridor is to give the British a port for their navy, I'd say that they could just arrange for a port and be done with it, without needing a land connection to Jerusalem under their direct authority.

That sea access is clearly for the enclave of Jerusalem, and it is unnecessary. It might be a nice addition, but in the end it is unnecessary.

[Glen]

Several of the proposed additions that I am still working on editting and deciding upon.

November 17th 1945- In an accord brokered by the United States and the League of Nations, the warring factions in Colombia agreed to end the conflict that caused thousands of deaths and devastated the economy of that nation. President Vandenberg sees this accord “as giving peace to this generation of Colombians and hopefully to the coming ones.” (This one should just be added, not certain why its here)

July 17th 1950-Vikdun Quisling is named ambassador to the Soviet Union. The former Norwegian Minister of the Interior during the early and middle 1940’s, is know for leaning to the extreme right and this post is considered by many a political exile caused by his now unpopular views.(I think I'd rather Quisling sink into obscurity)

September 28th 1950-Outfielder Joe Matthews of the Chicago Cubs wins the homerun crown with 51 HRs and later is named National League MVP.

April 7th 1951- Jackie Robinson of the Brooklyn Dodgers single on his first at bat in the major leagues, being the first black man since the late 19th century to play Major League Baseball.

April 15th 1951- King Abdullah of Transjordan received permission from the League to move troops of his Arab Legion into the troubled land of Palestine. British Prime Minister Anthony Eden stated “…it was this or sending more of our chaps to Palestine… …With the emigration of more Jews from troubled Eastern Europe, Italy and Poland in the late 1940’s, Palestine is turning into a possible flashpoint in the future.”(Jews wouldn't have been particularly troubled in Italy, and by the late 1940s I can see the situation for Jews improving except for Poland and the USSR)

August 9th 1952- An arms sales agreement was signed today between the United States and Chile. The President stated that “…Chile is a beacon of democracy in South America and it’s our nation’s duty to help that country stay that way….”

September 29th 1952- Boston Red Sox outfielder Ted Williams wins the American league batting championship with a .379 batting avg.

May 7th 1953- Joseph Stalin died from heart attack on his dacha on the outside of Moscow. Replaced by Lavrenti Beria as leader of the Soviet Union.(Not certain that Beria is the best man for the job for our purposes. I definitely want Stalin revealed for what he was by his successor)


April 4th 1956- Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia celebrated the anniversary of his return from exile with a declared long week holiday that also celebrated the end of Italian occupation ten years ago. Foreign dignitaries were invited to the different ceremonies celebrated during the week.


February 20th 1957- Lavrenti Beria, leader of the Soviet Union, met with German president Ludwig Erhard in Berlin. This was the first time a Russian leader has visited a foreign nation since the times of the tsars. One of the points discussed during their meetings was what the Soviets considered a threat to peace in Europe, the nation of Poland. (Ludwig Erhard would be good as Chancellor and/or President. Just need to decide the precise timing)

March 2nd 1957- From his secret capital in the province of Aceh, self-proclaimed president of Indonesia, Sukarno, ask the Netherlands government to end the conflict and together to began a peaceful transition to independence. The Dutch response was to ask Sukarno to turn himself in and to end the rebellion. The impasse continued.


November 11th 1957- Netherlands, suffering the third year of a civil war in their East Indies colonies, asks the Northern European Alliance for membership. Their goal was to get the other member nations involved in the war in the East Indies. By the end of the year parts of Sumatra, Bali and Borneo are effectively in hands of the rebels while a terrorist campaign against government forces is being fought in Java.

April 16th 1958- Chile and Peru signed the Andean Pact, a defensive agreement due to the fears caused by the fall of the Argentinean nation into communist and the current problems in neighboring Bolivia.(I seem to have lost when Oth was suggesting Argentina go communist...anyway, I think we'd see more intervention in that case then just an Andean Pact)

August 8th 1958- France announces their intend to create a French Union, similar in composition to the British Commonwealth. According to insiders, the colonies most likely to get self -rule by 1960 were Syria, Lebanon and Madagascar. (Why?)

September 18th 1958-France explodes their first atomic bomb on the Sahara desert.

December 25th 1958- The Christmas Massacres. In what many considered an escalation of the civil war in Palestine, hundreds of people died during disturbances all thru the region. British and Arab Legion troops tried to diffuse the situation but by New Year’s Eve the British government asked the League for help in resolving this situation.(We'll probably go with a partition earlier than this. I can sort of see the Israel/Palestine nations formed having an Ireland/Northern Ireland sort of relation, with paramilitaries and terrorists on both sides)


August 14th 1959- Socialist Republic of Argentina and People’s Republic of Uruguay signed a trade and Cooperation agreement with the Soviet Union. Agreement includes the station of Soviet agricultural technicians in both South American nations to ensure the good use of the Soviet imports to that nations.(Uh oh, if we allow this, these countries are going to have some famines<g>)

July 9th 1960- Dominion of Kenya created. With the big influx from Eastern Europeans and Italian colonists escaping from Ethiopia during the late 1940’s and during the 50’s the British government decided to grant Dominion status to the former colony. (Maybe)

[Glen]

This just puts together all of the previous proposed entries for the 1950s. We still have to finalize the 1940s, and then weed through these 50s entries as necessary.

1950
March 29, 1950 Process of Vietnamization of forces serving in Indochina started. By July 1954 close to 50% of French forces fighting the guerillas were Vietnamese soldiers. This was a result of the losses incurred during the French-Italian war, which created a manpower drain in the French forces at the time.
April 8, 1950 Combined United States-Japanese force capture Huk stronghold in Mt Abak. Casualties are heavy but Huk leader captured during operation. General Maxwell Taylor, US commander in theater, praised the performance of the Japanese soldiers and said this event could be the beginning of a closer relationship between both nations. Picture of Japanese and American soldiers jointly raising each other flags made the front page of Times Magazine.
July 17th 1950-Vikdun Quisling is named ambassador to the Soviet Union. The former Norwegian Minister of the Interior during the early and middle 1940’s, is know for leaning to the extreme right and this post is considered by many a political exile caused by his now unpopular views.
September 28th 1950-Outfielder Joe Matthews of the Chicago Cubs wins the homerun crown with 51 HRs and later is named National League MVP.

1951
April 7th 1951- Jackie Robinson of the Brooklyn Dodgers single on his first at bat in the major leagues, being the first black man since the late 19th century to play Major League Baseball.
April 15th 1951- King Abdullah of Transjordan received permission from the League to move troops of his Arab Legion into the troubled land of Palestine. British Prime Minister Anthony Eden stated “…it was this or sending more of our chaps to Palestine… …With the emigration of more Jews from troubled Eastern Europe, Italy and Poland in the late 1940’s, Palestine is turning into a possible flashpoint in the future.”(
May 1, 1951 The Soviet Union test detonates its first atomic bomb, developed mostly from plans stolen from Germany through espionage.
May 8, 1951 Chinese and French officers met to discuss cooperation to eradicate Viet Minh on both side of their borders.
September 9, 1951 Operation Joint Strike started by both the Chinese and French in each other sides of the border. Operation last until the end of November and close to 15,000 enemy men are either killed or captured. With the destruction of the Viet Minh sanctuaries on the other side of the Chinese border the war entered a lull in the tempo of operations until the Viet Minh recovered from the terrible casualties of this operation.
December 8, 1951 With war in the Philippines winding down, the German detachment began embarkation home. The German detachment during the war never was bigger than a couple of close support bomber squadrons and two special civic action groups.

1952
January 3, 1952 League of Nations officially announces their mission to the Philippines to be over. Still Australians troops stayed until May 16th 1952 and Japanese forces until October 10th 1955.
February 6, 1952 Border clashes between Soviet Union and China in the Sinking-Soviet border and the Mongolian-Soviet border used by Stalin to launch an invasion of both borders areas. Sino-Soviet War of 1952-53 starts with this action. Stalin gambled that with his very public demonstration that he knows possessed the Atomic bomb the League of Nations wasn’t going to risk general war for some territory in the middle of Asia.
August 9th 1952- An arms sales agreement was signed today between the United States and Chile. The President stated that “…Chile is a beacon of democracy in South America and it’s our nation’s duty to help that country stay that way….”
September 29th 1952- Boston Red Sox outfielder Ted Williams wins the American league batting championship with a .379 batting avg.

1953
March 10, 1953 Treaty of Beijing signed. Republic of China is forced to recognize lost of the province of Sinking to the Soviets and other small territorial concessions on the Mongolian-Chinese border. American President Thomas Dewey response to this treaty was that, “The fear of this new weapon, the atomic bomb, is the only reason the free nations of the world stood idle while this unequal treaty was imposed on the Chinese people.”
May 7th 1953- Joseph Stalin died from heart attack on his dacha on the outside of Moscow. Replaced by Lavrenti Beria as leader of the Soviet Union.
August 17, 1953 Mohammad Hatta and Sukarno, just released from prison after serving five years sentences, gave a speech asking the Indonesian people to fight for their freedom and to throw the Dutch out of their country. They immediately went into hiding. This date is considered the start of the Indonesian War of Independence or the Indonesian Insurrection, depending of the point of view.

1954
May 18, 1954 Charles de Gaulle is replaced as commander of the French forces in Indochina and retires from military service soon after to enter politics.
September 22, 1954 The Republic of China and the United Kingdom sign an extension of the lease of the city of Hong Kong that will finally end the British ownership of the city in the year 2050.
September 24, 1954 Secret meeting between Chinese government officials and moderate members of the Viet Minh promises covert support if they tone down their socialist leaning, turn more into a nationalist movement instead of a communist one and get rid of the more radical members of their movement.

1955
July 5, 1955 Trade and Cooperation Agreement signed by the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. Chiang’s victories over the guerillas in his country and over the Viet Minh gave him a false sense of security that came crashing down with the defeat in the war of 1952. Both Japan and his nation considered the Soviet Union the main threat and this treaty is the realization that their best approach was cooperation.

1956
April 4th 1956- Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia celebrated the anniversary of his return from exile with a declared long week holiday that also celebrated the end of Italian occupation ten years ago. Foreign dignitaries were invited to the different ceremonies celebrated during the week.

1957
February 20th 1957- Lavrenti Beria, leader of the Soviet Union, met with German president Ludwig Erhard in Berlin. This was the first time a Russian leader has visited a foreign nation since the times of the tsars. One of the points discussed during their meetings was what the Soviets considered a threat to peace in Europe, the nation of Poland.
March 2nd 1957 From his secret capital in the province of Aceh, self-proclaimed president of Indonesia, Sukarno, ask the Netherlands government to end the conflict and together to began a peaceful transition to independence. The Dutch response was to ask Sukarno to turn himself in and to end the rebellion. The impasse continued.
March 3, 1957 The German A-11 rocket launches the first satellite into orbit. This will be the last great achievement of an independent German Space Program, as spending priorities on domestic programs will not allow further unilateral funding for the very expensive Space program. The German government begins to seek partners for Space exploration.
November 11th 1957- Netherlands, suffering the third year of a civil war in their East Indies colonies, asks the Northern European Alliance for membership. Their goal was to get the other member nations involved in the war in the East Indies. By the end of the year parts of Sumatra, Bali and Borneo are effectively in hands of the rebels while a terrorist campaign against government forces is being fought in Java.

1958
April 16th 1958- Chile and Peru signed the Andean Pact, a defensive agreement due to the fears caused by the fall of the Argentinean nation into communist and the current problems in neighboring Bolivia.
July 4, 1958 The Republic of Germany, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America pool their resources to launch a joint space initiative, the North Atlantic Space Agency. The Central European Republic and other Alliance nations soon join the group as junior partners.
August 8th 1958- France announces their intend to create a French Union, similar in composition to the British Commonwealth. According to insiders, the colonies most likely to get self -rule by 1960 were Syria, Lebanon and Madagascar.
September 18th 1958-France explodes their first atomic bomb on the Sahara desert.
December 25th 1958- The Christmas Massacres. In what many considered an escalation of the civil war in Palestine, hundreds of people died during disturbances all thru the region. British and Arab Legion troops tried to diffuse the situation but by New Year’s Eve the British government asked the League for help in resolving this situation.

1959
August 14th 1959- Socialist Republic of Argentina and People’s Republic of Uruguay signed a trade and Cooperation agreement with the Soviet Union. Agreement includes the station of Soviet agricultural technicians in both South American nations to ensure the good use of the Soviet imports to that nations.

[Wendell]

Why does the US have Ramstein in Germany?

Wendell, you know full well those are NAVAL bases for the hosting and resupply of British Naval forces, not to link some largish British controlled enclave with the rest of the world.

If you are telling me that the corridor is to give the British a port for their navy, I'd say that they could just arrange for a port and be done with it, without needing a land connection to Jerusalem under their direct authority.

That sea access is clearly for the enclave of Jerusalem, and it is unnecessary. It might be a nice addition, but in the end it is unnecessary.
It just makes the enclave economically dependent on its neighbors.

[Wendell]

I've, for a while now, had a rather interesting idea for a French Union....

[Glen]

It just makes the enclave economically dependent on its neighbors.

Well, there is that...

[Glen]

I've, for a while now, had a rather interesting idea for a French Union....

Which is? Do tell...

[Glen]

Bump, bump, bump....

[Wendell]

Which is? Do tell...
Well, France, as it is today is divided into departements, who are themselves mostly within regions. What if France becomes a federal republic whereby its African colonies become regions (with more power than OTL) within a French "imperial" republic?

[Glen]

Well, France, as it is today is divided into departements, who are themselves mostly within regions. What if France becomes a federal republic whereby its African colonies become regions (with more power than OTL) within a French "imperial" republic?

Sounds good. Is this some result of events in the timeline, or more butterflies? Was such an idea ever bandied about in France? Which politicians of France were most likely to institute such a system?

[Nicole]

Sounds good. Is this some result of events in the timeline, or more butterflies? Was such an idea ever bandied about in France? Which politicians of France were most likely to institute such a system?
Reminds me of Ward's Greater France in ME6...

But wouldn't this system result in France's colonies outnumbering the population of France?

[Wendell]

Reminds me of Ward's Greater France in ME6...

But wouldn't this system result in France's colonies outnumbering the population of France?
No. I can explain why:
http://faculty.smu.edu/jhollifi/france.gif
France: 22 Regions
http://www.geocities.com/cjmasonm/Africa/AfColony.gif
French Africa, excluding Morocco and Tunisia: 15 Countries

Assuming three votes for each region, we have 69 votes for France proper, and 45 for Afrique Francaise. This is not counting the potential for counting France's holdings in the New World as a separate region, pushing France to 72. There could be LH issues, but I'm working on it. But, if each Departement gets one vote in the LH, or one must be literate in French to vote...

[Othniel]

Question, who was one of the early AMERICAN austronaunts that went up to the moon?

Why I'm asking? Prefect Presidental candident.

[Glen]

Question, who was one of the early AMERICAN austronaunts that went up to the moon?

Why I'm asking? Prefect Presidental candident.

However, by this time we are talking about people born far after the POD, so I don't think we should use names unless there is a very good reason to do so.

Note, no astronaut in OTL has run for President...seems kinda odd, eh? We got an actor but not an astronaut for president.

[Othniel]

However, by this time we are talking about people born far after the POD, so I don't think we should use names unless there is a very good reason to do so.

Note, no astronaut in OTL has run for President...seems kinda odd, eh? We got an actor but not an astronaut for president.
The first American in Space was a senator and I was talking about in this timeline. I figure we use the first or second American in space from this tl as a presidental candident if things quiet down within the timeline, and then give them a challange. Prehaps the same with the Germans

[Wendell]

However, by this time we are talking about people born far after the POD, so I don't think we should use names unless there is a very good reason to do so.

Note, no astronaut in OTL has run for President...seems kinda odd, eh? We got an actor but not an astronaut for president.
John Glenn ran, but he never secured the Democratic nomination.

[Wendell]

No one wants to comment on the French thing?

[Glen]

We could have an Astronaut head of state, but I think either in Germany or the USA, not both. Which do people prefer? Probably happens in the 1990s.

[Glen]

No one wants to comment on the French thing?

I like it, but I would still like some more information as asked below:

Sounds good. Is this some result of events in the timeline, or more butterflies? Was such an idea ever bandied about in France? Which politicians of France were most likely to institute such a system?

[Wendell]

We could have an Astronaut head of state, but I think either in Germany or the USA, not both. Which do people prefer? Probably happens in the 1990s.
What if Goddard gets an audience with the president in th early 1940's, and space exploration starts early?

[Othniel]

We could have an Astronaut head of state, but I think either in Germany or the USA, not both. Which do people prefer? Probably happens in the 1990s.
Early 1980s, heads its Germany, tails its the USA. Adds lots of flavor to the timeline.

[Glen]

Early 1980s, heads its Germany, tails its the USA. Adds lots of flavor to the timeline.

WWII era generation (even though we didn't have one) still in power in most nations. 1990s is the baby boomer generation of our Astronauts.

Actually, if we make it Germany, that would be even more divergent, as Germans weren't even going into space in OTL really, so having a German Astronaut as Reichspraesident would highlight the divergence of the timelines.

[Wendell]

WWII era generation (even though we didn't have one) still in power in most nations. 1990s is the baby boomer generation of our Astronauts.

Actually, if we make it Germany, that would be even more divergent, as Germans weren't even going into space in OTL really, so having a German Astronaut as Reichspraesident would highlight the divergence of the timelines.
Hasselhoff as an astronaut:eek:

[Glen]

Hasselhoff as an astronaut:eek:

We could have someone named Hasselhoff...

[Glen]

What if Goddard gets an audience with the president in th early 1940's, and space exploration starts early?

Goddard will undoubtably be head of the US space program initially (I think, when did he die OTL and of what?). There won't be all those German scientists running around to compete with.

However, the US won't start early. There is just no reason for it. The Germans will be the first to take rocketry and a space program seriously. Think about it. Both the US and Soviet programs were started initially based one and because of the German rocket program, which had started before the Nazis came to power. Rocket development started in Germany in earnest at the beginning of the 1930s, both OTL and TTL.

[Wendell]

I like it, but I would still like some more information as asked below:
Well, I know of no such proposal in OTL, but with a resurgent Germany...

[Glen]

Well, I know of no such proposal in OTL, but with a resurgent Germany...

But democratic Germany that has proven itself worthy of trust...and a stronger France that has not gone through WWII but the victorious Tunisian War.

It's interesting, this world has a stronger France, Germany, and Japan so far, but probably a weaker (though still strong) USA...

[Wendell]

But democratic Germany that has proven itself worthy of trust...and a stronger France that has not gone through WWII but the victorious Tunisian War.

It's interesting, this world has a stronger France, Germany, and Japan so far, but probably a weaker (though still strong) USA...
So, do you want a U.S. Japan war?

[luakel]

So, do you want a U.S. Japan war?
Well, it's going to happen around OTL time in the WWII TL, but I don't think so in the main one.

[Glen]

So, do you want a U.S. Japan war?

Naw. We've gone another direction in this timeline.

However, a US-Japan war for the alternate alternate timeline, yes.

[Glen]

Well, it's going to happen around OTL time in the WWII TL, but I don't think so in the main one.

What luakel said ;)

[Glen]

Going to need to get back to this soon.

[luakel]

Going to need to get back to this soon.
Do you have any new ideas for WWII?

[Wendell]

Does this Weimar Republic have to maintain its territorial integrity, as per OTL 1933?

[Glen]

Does this Weimar Republic have to maintain its territorial integrity, as per OTL 1933?

Which Weimar Republic, in the main timeline, or in the alternate?

In this timeline, I would say that they need to maintain their territorial integrity. Loss of territory would be a bad thing at any time, I would think.

For the alternate, I don't know.

Why do you ask?

[Wendell]

Which Weimar Republic, in the main timeline, or in the alternate?

In this timeline, I would say that they need to maintain their territorial integrity. Loss of territory would be a bad thing at any time, I would think.

For the alternate, I don't know.

Why do you ask?
What if East Prussia was to be a separate country?

[perdedor99]

November 17th 1945- In an accord brokered by the United States and the League of Nations, the warring factions in Colombia agreed to end the conflict that caused thousands of deaths and devastated the economy of that nation. President Vandenberg sees this accord “as giving peace to this generation of Colombians and hopefully to the coming ones.” (This one should just be added, not certain why its here)

Agree, should be in.

July 17th 1950-Vikdun Quisling is named ambassador to the Soviet Union. The former Norwegian Minister of the Interior during the early and middle 1940’s, is know for leaning to the extreme right and this post is considered by many a political exile caused by his now unpopular views.(I think I'd rather Quisling sink into obscurity)

We can change it to kill himself perhaps?

September 28th 1950-Outfielder Joe Matthews of the Chicago Cubs wins the homerun crown with 51 HRs and later is named National League MVP.

I see no problem entering this bit.

April 7th 1951- Jackie Robinson of the Brooklyn Dodgers single on his first at bat in the major leagues, being the first black man since the late 19th century to play Major League Baseball.

IMO with no WW2 the black players integration into the game takes a little longer.

April 15th 1951- King Abdullah of Transjordan received permission from the League to move troops of his Arab Legion into the troubled land of Palestine. British Prime Minister Anthony Eden stated “…it was this or sending more of our chaps to Palestine… …With the emigration of more Jews from troubled Eastern Europe, Italy and Poland in the late 1940’s, Palestine is turning into a possible flashpoint in the future.”(Jews wouldn't have been particularly troubled in Italy, and by the late 1940s I can see the situation for Jews improving except for Poland and the USSR)

I'm not saying theywere persecuted in Italy, just the situation is not the best. Italy just was defeated and cities were bombed. Hungary just suffered a change of government in 1948 and Poland and USSR are just themselves. I can see an increase in emigration by the late 1940's.

August 9th 1952- An arms sales agreement was signed today between the United States and Chile. The President stated that “…Chile is a beacon of democracy in South America and it’s our nation’s duty to help that country stay that way….”

I see no problems with this one.

September 29th 1952- Boston Red Sox outfielder Ted Williams wins the American league batting championship with a .379 batting avg.
Same here

May 7th 1953- Joseph Stalin died from heart attack on his dacha on the outside of Moscow. Replaced by Lavrenti Beria as leader of the Soviet Union.(Not certain that Beria is the best man for the job for our purposes. I definitely want Stalin revealed for what he was by his successor)

Maybe Malenkov or Molotov?

April 4th 1956- Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia celebrated the anniversary of his return from exile with a declared long week holiday that also celebrated the end of Italian occupation ten years ago. Foreign dignitaries were invited to the different ceremonies celebrated during the week.

I guess this one is fine.


February 20th 1957- Lavrenti Beria, leader of the Soviet Union, met with German president Ludwig Erhard in Berlin. This was the first time a Russian leader has visited a foreign nation since the times of the tsars. One of the points discussed during their meetings was what the Soviets considered a threat to peace in Europe, the nation of Poland. (Ludwig Erhard would be good as Chancellor and/or President. Just need to decide the precise timing)

Agree. The timing need to be decided.

March 2nd 1957- From his secret capital in the province of Aceh, self-proclaimed president of Indonesia, Sukarno, ask the Netherlands government to end the conflict and together to began a peaceful transition to independence. The Dutch response was to ask Sukarno to turn himself in and to end the rebellion. The impasse continued.

I see no problem with this one


November 11th 1957- Netherlands, suffering the third year of a civil war in their East Indies colonies, asks the Northern European Alliance for membership. Their goal was to get the other member nations involved in the war in the East Indies. By the end of the year parts of Sumatra, Bali and Borneo are effectively in hands of the rebels while a terrorist campaign against government forces is being fought in Java.

Will that work to bring the NEA into the war? IMO no.

April 16th 1958- Chile and Peru signed the Andean Pact, a defensive agreement due to the fears caused by the fall of the Argentinean nation into communist and the current problems in neighboring Bolivia.(I seem to have lost when Oth was suggesting Argentina go communist...anyway, I think we'd see more intervention in that case then just an Andean Pact)
He said 1955. And most likley is to coordinate their actions in Bolivia. Argentina is very difficult to be attacked by Chile due to the Andes.

August 8th 1958- France announces their intend to create a French Union, similar in composition to the British Commonwealth. According to insiders, the colonies most likely to get self -rule by 1960 were Syria, Lebanon and Madagascar. (Why?)

Just to put a bit. I like Wendell plan a lot. Still they will ask for more representation in the future IMO. The French union splitting in the 1990's ?


September 18th 1958-France explodes their first atomic bomb on the Sahara desert.
I see no problem with it.

December 25th 1958- The Christmas Massacres. In what many considered an escalation of the civil war in Palestine, hundreds of people died during disturbances all thru the region. British and Arab Legion troops tried to diffuse the situation but by New Year’s Eve the British government asked the League for help in resolving this situation.(We'll probably go with a partition earlier than this. I can sort of see the Israel/Palestine nations formed having an Ireland/Northern Ireland sort of relation, with paramilitaries and terrorists on both sides)

Agree with the analysis. And yes the partition should be earlier.


August 14th 1959- Socialist Republic of Argentina and People’s Republic of Uruguay signed a trade and Cooperation agreement with the Soviet Union. Agreement includes the station of Soviet agricultural technicians in both South American nations to ensure the good use of the Soviet imports to that nations.(Uh oh, if we allow this, these countries are going to have some famines<g>)

Good one.:D

coloniJuly 9th 1960- Dominion of Kenya created. With the big influx from Eastern Europeans and Italian sts escaping from Ethiopia during the late 1940’s and during the 50’s the British government decided to grant Dominion status to the former colony. (Maybe)

True is a maybe.

Also you're missing the start of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian war and the first use of airborne forces in South America. Both things are OTL.

I go with Pepper as president and killed by Puertorricans in New York City in 1950. VP Truman gets the nation into the League over the objections of Lodge.

[Wendell]

Syria and Lebanon would likely get self-rule due to their elaborate histories, maybe? Then again, Africa has produced significant civilizations too...



Also, I'd make Rhodesia a dominion before I would Kenya, but then you have the sea access issue....How will the 1948 South African elections go?

[luakel]

I go with Pepper as president and killed by Puertorricans in New York City in 1950. VP Truman gets the nation into the League over the objections of Lodge.
Why not Taft?

[perdedor99]

Syria and Lebanon would likely get self-rule due to their elaborate histories, maybe? Then again, Africa has produced significant civilizations too...



Also, I'd make Rhodesia a dominion before I would Kenya, but then you have the sea access issue....How will the 1948 South African elections go?

i think the same as OTL. The racist policies started since the 1920's and Great Britain didn't even blink.

[Glen]

Weimar World Timeline: 1920-29

1920
March 13, 1920 Reichstag member Wolfgang Kapp makes an impassioned speech on the floor of the Reichstag protesting the end of pay to Freicorps members. He warns that many more actions like this could lead to a nationwide Putsch. (OTL Kapp was one of the leaders of the Kapp Putsch.)
March 14, 1920 Central Schleswig votes over 80% in favor of reunification with Germany.
March 20, 1920 A NSDAP sympathizer within the Reichswehr blows the whistle on up and comer within the party, Adolf Hitler, who is revealed to be a Reichswehr spy.
March 31, 1920 Alleged Reichswehr spy Adolf Hitler mustered out of the Reichswehr, and is reported to return to his native Austria.
April 10, 1920 Government stops paying Freikorps units.
May 9, 1920 Hilter joins the Heimwehr in Austria.
June 20, 1920 Elections for the Reichstag result in significant gains for the DVP and DNVP, minor loses for the SPD. Chancellor Gustav Bauer (SPD) forms a new grand coalition government and reorganizes the cabinet; making Gustav Stresemann (DVP) Foreign Minister.
August 11, 1920 National Disarmament Law takes effect; disbanded civil guards.
August 19, 1920 Second Silesia Uprising, French troops do little to control the situation.

1921
January 16, 1921 Aristide Briand becomes Prime Minister of France, begins shortly thereafter discussions with German Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann regarding reparations.
March 21, 1921 Plebiscite held in Upper Silesia. They vote to remain part of Germany.
May 3, 1921 Polish forces under Wojciech Korfantry invade Upper Silesia.
May 4, 1921 Stresemann gets Briand’s France to enforce the rule of law in Upper Silesia, the Poles are required to leave.
July 1, 1921 Tentative agreement is reached for more favorable reparation payments by Germany, mostly due to the growing respect between Briand and Stresemann.
July 11, 1921 NSDAP under Anton Drexler votes to join Julius Streicher’s DSP.

1922
January 15, 1922 Stresemann secures loans to German government allowing Reichsmark to be fixed to a gold standard.
April 16, 1922 Treaty of Rapallo signed between Germany and the Soviet Union.
July 21, 1922 High inflation begins in Austria. The gold standard based German Reichsmark is little affected.
October 27, 1922 Benito Mussolini establishes his Fascist dictatorship in Italy.

1923
March 13, 1923 Adolf Hitler, inspired by the example of Benito Mussolini, starts a more political wing of the Heimwehr, centered on the Pan-Germanic faction of the paramilitary group.
June 3, 1923 After new elections for the Reichstag, Gustav Stresemann becomes Chancellor of a center-right coalition government. He retains the portfolio of Foreign Minister.

1924
February 28, 1924 Reichspresident Friedrich Ebert makes first visit of a German head of state to Great Britain since the war.
November 22, 1924 Strasser wing of DSP goes into rebellion over Streicher’s leadership.
December 1, 1924 Locarno Treaty signed.

1925
January 14, 1925 Germany enters the League of Nations.
September 10, 1925 Germany successfully lobbies for a referendum in the Memel region, and they vote in favor of reunification with Germany.
October 3, 1925 Committee announces that the Nobel Peace Prize will be awarded to Austen Chamberlain, Aristide Briand, and Gustav Stresemann for the Locarno treaty.

1926
February 14, 1926 Bamberg conference begins.
April 24, 1926 Germany and Soviet Union sign Berlin Treaty.
June 3, 1926 Friedrich Ebert narrowly wins re-election on the second ballot when the right rallies from a poor showing in the first round by drafting General Paul von Hindenburg as their candidate in the second round.

1927
June 3, 1927 General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck made Army Chief of Staff.
November 9, 1927 Chancellor Stresemann concludes Treaty of Munich with Czechoslovakia formally recognizing the border between Germany and Czechoslovakia in return for concessions to the German minority in the Sudetenland, including recognition of German as an official language of Czechoslovakia and a minimum number of spots in the Czech cabinet for ethnic Germans.

1928
February 3, 1928 The Simon Commission lands in Bombay. The first of many boycotts organized by the Indian National Congress occurs.
October 24, 1928 Chancellor Gustav Stresemann dies of a massive heart attack. Hermann Mueller forms grand coalition government and replaces him as Chancellor.

1929
December 10, 1929 The collapse of the stock exchange in New York City starts a world economic collapse.

[Glen]

Weimar World timeline 1930-39:

1930
March 12 1930 Gandhi starts his march to protest the salt tax law.
June 30, 1930 Hermann Mueller leaves office when his own party (SPD) abandons the coalition. Center right coalition forms with Center party leader Heinrich Bruening as Chancellor.
July 4 1930 Lord Irwin, after meeting with members of the governing Labour Party in London, announces a round table will be created to discuss India’s constitutional progress to achieve Dominion status.
October 24, 1930 Coup d'état in Brazil replaces Washington Luis with populist Gen. Getúlio Vargas. Vargas embarks on a path of social reformism to attempt to reconcile radically diverging interests. Reflecting the influence of the tenentes, he even advocated a program of social welfare and reform with striking parallel to New Deal in the United States. Vargas develops a "a legal hybrid" between the regimes of Mussolini's Italy and Salazar's Portuguese Estado Novo, copying repressive fascist tactics, and conveying their same rejection of liberal capitalism, but attains power baring few indications of his future quasi-fascist polices. With a new constitution drafted with extensive influence from European fascist models, Vargas begins reining in even moderate trade unions and turning against the tenentes. His further concessions to the latifundios pushes him toward an alliance with the Integralists, Brazil's mobilized fascist movement.
November 12 1930 The first round table meetings on India show the differences between the Muslims and the Hindus. The Hindus wanted a strong central government while the Muslims wanted a loose confederation. Also the Sikhs want a Sikh nation in Punjab.

1931
January 12th 1931 The first round table meetings on India end. What emerges is an agreement to safe guard minorities in the constitution and the creation of a weak federal government to appease the Muslim delegates.
March 5 1931 Second round table meetings on India begin. Gandhi misses the meetings due to health reasons and the Congress representatives agree on the basis of a communal settlement for India. On the return to India of the delegates, Gandhi disavows their actions in London. This divides the Indian National Congress party. The Gandhi faction starts civil disobedience but the division of their party shows they are not the representatives of the whole Indian people.
June 1, 1931 Three million unemployed reported in Germany.
June 20, 1931 Herbert Hoover puts moratorium on reparations.
August 11, 1931 Austrian Kreditanstalt collapses.
September 13, 1931 The German bank crisis occurs.
September 20, 1931 Alfred Hugenberg made leader of DNVP by narrow margin.
October 11, 1931 Attempts to form a coalition between DNVP, Stahlhelm, DSP, and the Strasser splinter group fail. DNVP decides to stay in the government for the time being.

1932

March 5, 1932 Julius Streicher, leader of the DSP, high profile arrest on obsenity and perversion charges. The trial stretching through much of 1932 is a nadir for the far right.
April 20, 1932 Darkhorse candidate Carl Friedrich Goerdeler successfully challenges Alfred Hugenberg for leadership of the DNVP. Vows the DNVP will stay the course with the current government.
December 25, 1932 Constitutional rule is restored in Chile. Arturo Fortunato Alessandri Palma, a member of the Liberal Party, becomes president of Chile, serving until 1938.

1933
March 31, 1933 A conservative coup d’etat topples the socialist government of Uruguay. The socialist reform leaders are either assassinated or fled into exile, and a Conservative dictatorship begins. The Colorado party turns further to the left during the dictatorship years.
April 10, 1933 Friedrich Ebert loses badly in the second round of elections against center right consensus candidate and war hero Reichswehr Chief of Staff Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck. Former President Ebert in his concession speech calls for a peaceful transition, which by and large happens.
August 5 1933 The Government of India Act of 1933 announced and will be implemented by 1935.
August 7, 1933 DNVP leader Carl Friedrich Goerdeler becomes Chancellor of Germany.
October 23, 1933 Letter from Ludwig Erhard regarding economic reform so impresses Chancellor Goerdeler that he brings the man onto his staff as an advisor.

1934
February 12, 1934 Kummersdorf becomes the base for military rocket research.
March 21, 1934 Adolf Hitler’s Heimwehr faction begins a civil war after refusing to join Engelbert Dolfuss’s Fatherland Front (clerical faction of the Heimwehr joins the Fatherland Front, but is in the minority due to the recruitment efforts of the Charismatic Hitler). Several extremist volunteers from both Germany and Czechoslovakia swarm over the border to join the conflict in the early days. Socialists in Vienna take advantage of the chaos and take over the capitol, but can’t make progress very far from the city. With the onset of the Austrian Civil War, Albert Einstein leaves Austria, immigrating to Germany.
May 5, 1934 League of Nations declares a weapons embargo of all sides in the Austrian Civil War, which is promptly violated by both the Soviets and Italians. The Italians are secretly sending aid to both the Hitler and Dolfuss factions.
July 2, 1934 Former General Paul von Hindenburg dies, and Germany is thrown into a state of mourning that rivals that after the death of Chancellor Stresemann.
July 16, 1934 A new constitution is enacted in Brazil. The Vargas government claims that the corporatist provisions of the constitution of 1934 will unite all classes in mutual interests—its stated purpose (but not always actual) in Fascist Italy.
August 13, 1934 President Lettow-Vorbeck ceremonially breaks ground on the newest rail line in Germany, one proposed to carry speed steam locomotives across the length and breadth of Germany, part of the revitalization package of Chancellor Goerdeler.

1935
January 13, 1935 Saarland votes over 90% to reunite with Germany.
May 20, 1935 Under pressure from Great Britain and with worsening economic problems domestically, France acquiesces to ‘limited’ German rearmament. Afterward, the rapid ‘development’ of the Reichswehr makes previous German covert rearming apparent, but the Great Powers turn a blind eye to this.
June 3, 1935 Brazilian politics has been drastically destabilized. Vargas' attention focuses on the rise of two nationally based and highly ideological European-style movements, both committed to European-style mass-mobilization: one pro-Communist and the other pro-fascist—one linked to Moscow and the other to Rome.
July 8, 1935 The Dominion of India is created. Subhas Bose is named Prime Minister with Mohammed Ali Jinnah as second in command. An Indian parliament is created but British institutions and borders are maintained for the time being. The Indian National Party reunifies but they admit their failure in getting the support of the Muslims, but the two rival parties made impossible the continued existence of this arrangement.
August 30, 1935 Token military force enters the Rhineland. The French government proclaims this as a great victory as the German force is not even enough to defend the Rhineland, much less threaten France. The German government point to this as the full restoration of German sovereignty and the return of Germany as a full member of the international family of nations.
October 3, 1935 Italian troops invade Abyssinia.
November 13, 1935 While the Austrian civil war has so far accomplished little except have several notable extremists of the age die gloriously in battle, Hitler makes a bold speech by radio from an undisclosed location, calling for the unification of Germans in Germany and Czechoslovakia with Austria. The speech is only heard in the local area of the broadcast.

1936
May 30, 1936 Italy annexes Abyssinia after a year long war which includes the use of mustard gas. By the end of June, after League condemnation of the annexation, Italy leaves the League of Nations.
July 10, 1936 The Spanish Civil War begins.
September 1, 1936 ‘Red’ Vienna falls to a Fatherland Front attack to regain the capital, but Hitler’s faction then attacks the exsanguinated forces of Dolfuss; the city will be a divided war-zone for the rest of the conflict.
August 16, 1936 Closing Ceremonies of the 1936 Berlin Olympics. The event is a showcase of the German Republic. President Lettow-Vorbeck hosted a number of his former Askari in Berlin, allowed by London to travel from Tanzania for the event. Later, a photo in Time magazine of the German President congratulating Jesse Owens with the Askari at his side leads the KKK in the American South to denounce the German leader. Many of the Olympians and celebrities from America made the trip to Germany on the impressive Graf Zepplin II. With its all Helium design, it is felt by many to be one of the safest means of transportation in history.
September 20, 1936 Germany and the West, fed up with the chaos in Austria and now civil war in Spain, agree to allow German intervention in Austria. With the knock-out of the Socialists from the war, French Prime Minister Leon Blum sees little reason to hinder a Republican Germany from intervening, as the success of either of the remaining two factions would be undesirable. German troops stream over the border and overall are greeted as saviors by the war weary Austrians. To further reassure France and the United Kingdom, as well as to cement growing relations, on the same day the German Republic and Czechoslovakia sign a mutual defense treaty.
October 21, 1936 Hitler, rather than surrendering, commits suicide in his hideout in the mountains. Nearly all the Dolfuss and Hitler faction forces have surrendered to the rapidly advancing Germans, often without a fight. The few die-hard units are quickly dispatched by the Reichswehr. Dolfuss retires from politicis.
December 9, 1936 After a few months of diplomacy, Italy acquiesces to German occupation and a vote on Anschluss after the German government agrees to recognize the possession of the South Tyrol by Italy.

1937
February 14, 1937 The Austrians hold a referendum overwhelmingly supporting unification with Germany. Though the Treaty of Saint Germaine forbade Austria from political or economic union with Germany, Germany points out that they were not party to that agreement, and that the Austrian government had essentially ceased to exist. World sentiment seems to favor the unification.
March 15, 1937 Stalin, concerned about the close ties that developed between Soviet military officers and the Germans during the years of cooperation in the 1920s, launches a purge of the Red Army that will last the year, essentially crippling the Red Army for the next several years.
March 9, 1937 Completion of move of military rocket research to Peenemünde (on the recommendation of Werner von Braun). Kummersdorf converted over to military applications of atomic research, involving not only several German physicists, but also many Hungarian scientists who have immigrated to Germany to escape the repressive regime in Hungary.
April 12, 1937 Italy and Hungary form a mutual defense pact, called the Rome-Budapest Axis by Mussolini.
July 24, 1937 Germany proposes in the League of Nations a referendum on Danzig and the Polish Corridor. Poland at first is against the idea.
August 20, 1937 Poland’s president, Ignacy Mościcki, thinking he could win a referendum that includes both the Kassubian populated Polish corridor and the German Danzig, and noting that a significant portion of the Reichswehr would still be in Austria, gambles and announces his willingness for the vote to happen, but that it must occur by mid September. Germany agrees.
September 10, 1937 Less than a week before the Polish Corridor referendum, the Reichstag approves sweeping minority rights legislation. This will be the centerpiece of a wave of radio broadcasts in a German campaign to win over Kashubians to the German Republic. Emphasis is also placed in the broadcasts on Sorbs, another Slavic group living within the Republic who have done well, as well as making distinction between the Kashubians and the Poles.
September 15, 1937 The Polish Corridor referendum, though fraught with fraud on both sides, shows a majority in favor of unification with the German Republic. Very high turnout in Danzig is one factor; another is the substantial minority of Kashubian voters who also vote for unification with Germany. While the German minority legislation and 11th hour campaign are believed to have been important factors, most historians believe the deciding factors were actually the stability in recent years of the German government and their substantially better economic performance during the Great Depression than most nations in Europe and indeed the world.
September 16, 1937 When the result of the referendum starts to become clear, Poland repudiates it as rigged and begins to move troops into the region as a ‘stabilizing measure’. However, within hours of the Polish actions, heavy German troop movement is reported all along the border with Germany, many being identified as troops believed to be in Austria, and even the Czechs appear to be mobilizing. Fearing a general invasion is about to occur, Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły begins to redeploy troops to hold off a large scale invasion and protect the capitol and key industrial centers.
September 17, 1937 In the predawn hours the Germans strike as expected in the Polish Corridor, but in an unexpected manner. Paratroops land throughout the narrow corridor, within the lines of the Polish forces in the region. While there were many problems with the drop, the surprise move throws the Polish forces within the corridor into confusion, which is taken advantage of by German troops moving in from Germany proper and East Germany. The German Chancellor announces that the intention of the Germans is to only enforce the will of the people in the recent referendum. Rydz-Śmigły refuses offers of assistance from the Soviets.
September 25, 1937 The leaders of France and Great Britain meet with the Germans in Hamburg to discuss the Polish Crisis. By this time, Polish troops have been expelled from the narrow Polish Corridor, allowing the formation of a continuous defensive line between now linked East Prussia and the rest of Germany. Despite Marshal Rydz-Śmigły’s continued belief that the Germans will launch a full out assault, the Germans and Czechs have taken up defensive positions only and no further incursions into Poland have occurred. The entire threatened invasion was an enormous bluff playing on Polish fears which tied down the bulk of their battle ready troops. After personal assurances by President Lettow-Vorbeck himself, the British and French agree to support the annexation of the Polish Corridor to Germany in return for Germany finally accepting the rest of their Eastern border with Poland and allowing liberal access through to the Baltic for Polish businesses. With no support from the West, and fear of the Soviets, the Poles feel no choice but to tacitly accept what they refer to as ‘the selling out of Poland’.
October 1, 1937 Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain returns in triumph to London announcing that they shall have ‘peace in our time’ and that ‘President Lettow-Vorbeck is an honorable man who we may trust to keep his word, both for himself and his nation’.
November 10, 1937 Vargas, ruling by decree, makes a broadcast to the people of Brazil in which he states his plans to assume dictatorial powers under the second new constitution of his regime derived from European fascist models, thereby curtailing presidential elections (his ultimate objections) and dissolving congress.
November 17, 1937 Under the Estado Novo, the Brazilian state announces an ambitious Five-Year Plan whose goals included the expansion of heavy industry, the creation of new sources of hydroelectric power, and the expansion of the railway network to develop Brazil's capital base. Empirical data will confirm that Vargas is advancing the bourgeois revolution, at least to an extent.
December 10, 1937 Final report of the British Commission on Palestine recommends Partition with a Jewish Homeland in the Northwest, a Palastinian state in the South and East, and a sizable remnant British Mandate around Jerusalem.

1938
January 1, 1938 Polish president Ignacy Mościcki is forced out of office by the military, and Foreign Minister Józef Beck is made president, while Marchal Rydz-Śmigły retains control of the army.
January 15, 1938 Poland formally joins the Axis. This is a bittersweet moment for Beck, as Poland is finally starting to become part of a ‘Third Europe’, but one led by Italy, not Poland.
May 1, 1938 On a date possibly chosen for irony, then nations of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Germany, and Czechoslovakia announce a Northern European Alliance to defend against Communism, the Soviets particularly, and Fascism. Quietly, Great Britain has given assurances of support for the group as well.
July 14, 1938 First jet airplane flight occurs at Heinkel Field.
September 5, 1938 Aware of the need of modern industry for abundant sources of power, Brazilian leader Vargas creates the National Petroleum Company to search for oil.
December 25, 1938 Pedro Aguirre Cerda of the Popular Front is elected president of Chile. He implements education reforms, but dies in 1941 while in office.

1939
January 13, 1939 Nuclear Fission discovered by Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and coworkers at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institute for Chemistry in Berlin.
February 9, 1939 Bulgaria joins the Axis ‘Pact of Steel’ with Italy and Hungary.
April 17, 1939 Italy attacks Albania, taking control of the small nation in the name of King Victor Emmanuel III.
June 23, 1939 The Nationalists have taken Madrid, and Franco declares victory, becoming the Fascist dictator of Spain.
November 4, 1939 Start of the Yugoslavian Crisis. Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria invade Yugoslavia, threatening the complete partition the country. Within days Yugoslavia stands on the brink of collapse. German forces in German Austria mobilize along the border, but the British and French demand that the Italians meet for mediation.
October 1, 1939 The Trieste Conference results in Italy and her allies being forced by France and the UK to accept token concessions; mostly some Dalmatian coast and islands for Italy, and strips of adjacent land to the borders of Hungary and Bulgaria, though overall Yugoslavia will be spared from disassembly. The UK is able to demand that the concessions do not cut Yugoslav borders off from other nations in the area.
December 9, 1939 Yugoslavia requests admission to the Northern European Alliance. After heavy lobbying from the German government, the Alliance accepts them.

[Glen]

Weimar World timeline 1940-1949:

1940
January 14, 1940 Brazil's manufacturing output has increased substantially over the decade, but coffee production has declined. As a result, to further placate the forces of the old order, the government between 1934-37 and under the Estado Novo also has invested considerably in the expansion of coffee production. Coffee is also the principal foreign exchange export earner.
May 12, 1940 Presidential and Reichstag elections held. President Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck in his second election becomes the first President of the Republic to win a majority on the first ballot. With the addition of Catholic Austria to the Republic, the Center party and its allied minor parties are winners as well, and the new Center Party leader Konrad Adenauer becomes Chancellor of Germany (though still in a center-right coalition government).
September 1, 1940 Romanian negotiations to join the Axis break down over demands of land concessions to Hungary and Bulgaria. Fearing that the Romanians may instead join the Alliance, Hungary launches their long considered war against Romania over Transylvania. Their allies the Bulgarians simultaneously attack into Dobruja.
September 24, 1940 The Romanians were doing well against the Italian supported Hungarians and Bulgarians when the Soviets launch a surprise action into Bessarabia. Shortly thereafter, the Romanians are forced to cede Bessarabia to the Soviets in order to save their nation from them and return their attentions to the Hungarians and Bulgarians.
October 24, 1940 Much progress has been made in Brazil since Vargas came to power ten years ago. Cement production increases to 700,000 tons from 87,000 tons in October 24, 1930. Brazil's capacity for electricity generation reachs 1 million kilowatts, of which 60 percent was located in the São Paulo area, primarily due to the construction of hydroelectric power stations. Iron and steel output went up to 150,000 tons in 1939-40. The number of manufacturing enterprises more than double during the decade leading up to this date, reaching 50,000. Factories in the São Paulo area employ 35 percent of the industrial labor force and generate 43 percent of the value of industrial production. Aside from the export of textiles, the manufacturing industries serve the domestic market almost exclusively. Brazil has 44,100 plants employing 944,000 workers; the comparable figure for December 31, 1920 was 13,336 plants with about 300,000 workers.
November 5, 1940 Arthur Vandenberg is elected President of the United States of America.
December 25, 1940 Romanian soldiers and civilians celebrate as the last of Hungarian and Bulgarian retreat from Romania.

1941
January 20, 1941 Romania joins the Northern European Alliance.
February 19, 1941 Communist activist Ho Chi Minh returns to Vietnam after 30 years in exile and organizes a nationalist organization named the Viet Minh.
June 1, 1941 As relations with Japan remain strained, and Europe seems more risky with both the Northern European Alliance and Axis Pact of Steel to deal with, Stalin begins a secret military build up on the Manchurian-Soviet and the Mongolian-Manchurian border, with Geory Zhukov in command.
July 30, 1941 By the end of the month 30 Russian divisions are in the Far East, the Soviets have an advantage 2:1 in men, 4:1 in tanks and vehicles and 3:1 in aircrafts.
August 9th 1941 The Second Russo-Japanese war starts. The Soviets launch a two front attack with the city of Harbin as their first goal.
August 12, 1941 At the Battle of Vladivostsk, the Soviet Far East Fleet’s attempt to escape is foiled and the majority of the fleet is destroyed.
August 16th 1941 Peruvian forces capture Cuenca after heavy fighting. Both sides are exhausted and both sides agree a cease-fire. But secret pledges by the Colombian government that they will join the conflict helps the Ecuadorians to break the cease fire on September 10th 1941 after the arrival of Colombian “volunteers” and weapons.
August 18, 1941 The Sakalin campaign launched by the Japanese.
September 26th 1941 Ecuadorian counter offensive recaptures Cuenca. Peru prepares for a final offensive to try to end the conflict.
October 10th 1941 Coastal offensive started by Peru.
November 3, 1941 The Sakalin campaign ends with a combined army-marine Japanese effort successfully conquering the northern half of the island.
November 16, 1941 Due to the terrain and stubborn Japanese resistance it is not until the middle of November that Soviets reach Harbin. The siege of Harbin begins.
November 21, 1941 Czechoslovakia formally changes its name to the Central European Republic.
December 7th 1941 Guayaquil falls to Peruvian army. Peru sends terms of surrender to Ecuador. Ecuador after consideration and further promises by Colombia refuses. A December ceasefire agreed by both sides, in reality both sides are exhausted.
December 20, 1941 The Hungarians and Bulgarians give up their attempts at Romania and withdraw to the 1940 borders.
December 24, 1941 An informal ceasefire due to weather conditions has set in and both sides consolidate their positions.

1942
February 8, 1942 Ecuadorian counter offensive starts in attempt to recapture Guayaquil, casualties mount especially between Colombian volunteers. The offensive is called off on March 2nd 1942 after failing in their objectives.
February 9, 1942 Peruvian counter offensive starts in an attempt to recapture Cuenca. With majority of enemy forces facing Guayaquil the city falls by February 21st 1942.
February 15, 1942 President Baldomir dissolves the General Assembly in Montevideo and asks the opposition parties to join in defeating the military. Uruguay Civil War starts. Colorado Party changes name to Uruguayan Communist Party.
February 24, 1942 The ceasefire comes to an end when the Japanese begin their effort to relieve Harbin.
March 9, 1942 The Harbin relief effort collapses for the Japanese. Japanese inflict severe losses upon the Soviets in this attack but fail in their objective.
March 11, 1942 Ecuador accepts terms of Peru. Peru gains all disputed territory plus El Oro province.
March 17, 1942 Harbin falls to the Soviets. A Japanese offer of peace in exchange for accepting Soviet border claims in Manchuria is rejected.
April 1, 1942 The Deep Thrust; Soviet forces, finally in better terrain than the northern part of Manchuria launch a combined arms operation to destroy the Japanese presence in Manchuria.
April 12, 1942 Liberal leader Jorge Eliezer Gaitan asks for the resignation of the current Colombian government. He blamed them for the thousands of casualties incurred during the just ended conflict and the economic chaos the nation was suffering. The lower classes, from were the majority of the casualties came from and the ones suffering more of the slow recovery from the Depression, flock to him especially in the cities.
April 23, 1942 India is divided into a loose confederation of Hindu majority provinces, Muslim majority ones, and the Sikh Azaz Punjab. Each province is governed with a high degree of autonomy except for foreign affairs, communications, defense, and finances needed for nationwide affairs. The central government is located in Delhi. There was some opposition by all sides to this final arrangement but after some violence it was accepted; it was this or the dismembering of India.
May 1, 1942 Gandhi assassinated by a disgruntled INC fanatic.
May 15 1942 Ceasefire agreement between Japan and Nationalist Chinese allows Japan to move more forces to face the Soviets.
May 20, 1942 Eliezer Gaitan assassinated while giving speech in Bogota. Start of the Colombian Civil War. Liberal sympathizers take to the streets to fight government forces.
May 29, 1942 Liberal forces capture Bogota. Alfonso Lopez Pumarejo declared President by the Liberals. Incumbent President Eduardo Santos flees to Cartagena and asks for international recognition of his cabinet as the true government of Colombia.
June 3, 1942 The Brazilian government establishes the Companhia Vale do Rio Doce to exploit the rich iron-ore deposits of Itabira.
June 6, 1942 The largest air battle ever seen is fought on this day. Both sides claim victory, but it appears to be a narrow victory for the Soviets through the sheer number of Soviet planes, not by technical or equipment advantages of which they have none; the Japanese machines are superior and Japanese pilots are about even in quality.
June 18 1942 Two Soviet tank divisions fight an ad-hoc formation equivalent to a reinforced armored brigade near Mukden. The Soviets have mostly T-26s, but with a considerable number of T-34s as well; the Japanese have Type 95 tanks. After the Soviet victory, the Japanese recognize the failure of their tank designs and begin searching abroad for new models.
July 12, 1942 The Japanese have been expelled from most of Manchuria and forced to a defensive line on the Yalu River.
July 28, 1942 Nationalist China refuses to let Japanese forces in China attack north, threatening to end the ceasefire agreement if the Japanese attack the Soviets from Chinese soil.
August 10, 1942 After a lull of one month to recover, the Soviets begin their offensive into Korea.
September 14, 1942 Uruguayan Civil War ends. Communist Party wins and declares the People’s Republic of Uruguay. While neutral, this nation turns into a sanctuary for communist sympathizers from Argentina and neighboring countries. Inmediatly recognized by the Soviet Union.
October 7, 1942 The Japanese evacuation of the Liounyan Peninsula culminates with the destruction of the Port Arthur facilities.
November 25, 1942 Juan Antonio Ríos Morales, a member of the Radical Party, is elected president of Chile.
December 31, 1942 The Japanese front is a line anchored by Wonsan and running from there west. Japanese offers of peace (Manchuria to the Soviets, Korea to the Japanese) are considered by Stalin, but rejected.

1943
March 23, 1943 The first jet fighter is developed by RLM using engine design of Anselm Franz.
April 6, 1943 The Japanese launch their counter-offensive. The slow grinding Soviet offensive has been continual throughout the year, but with the arrival of Japanese forces from China and the Japanese shorter supply lines the Soviet casualties are finally beginning to be felt. The Soviet push into Korea has bogged down. With Japan still controlling the seas, it has become a slow, grinding fight all the way down the peninsula, as the Soviets have to take on every fortified pass. The mountainous terrain also does much to negate the Soviet armor advantage. The Japanese actually gain ground and recapture Seoul.
May 13, 1943 The military ousts Argentina's constitutional government.
June 18 1943 After mediation by the United States, the Second Russo-Japanese War ends when Stalin accepts the last Japanese offer of borders drawn based on the front lines. Manchuria will become the People’s Republic of Manchuria under Mao Tse Tong, but with Soviet troops stationed there guaranteeing they remain within the Soviet sphere. North Korea too becomes a Communist satellite of the USSR. Japan, bled dry by the war, also formalizes the ceasefire with Nationalist China.
August 5, 1943 Vargas announces for Brazil a twelve year plan for growth into the interior. To distance himself from the newly defeated Mussolini he begins to go back to some of his left-centre ideologies. The opening of Southern Brazil for homesteading, a more open stance on immigration, and land reforms are key points to his plan. Vargas opens the frontier by opening forts and oil towns around the west and south.
September 20, 1943 In the wake of the Japanese performance in the Second Russo-Japaneses war, the Emperor dismisses the militarists and installs more democratically minded ministers.
October 28, 1943 Axis powers launch a surprise invasion of Greece. Bulgaria hit a wall from the very beginning but Italy made some minimal gains before also being stopped. The UK and France consider forcing another conference to deal with the situation, but fall apart with the UK wanting to take a more aggressive stance whereas France wishes to continue the appeasement policy of the past several years.
November 21, 1943 the Greeks, with secret shipment of weapons from the British coming from Egypt, launches a counter offensive that recaptures most of the lost territory.
December 1, 1943 Faced with French disinterest in a confrontation with Italy, the UK instead turns to the German Republic and the Northern European Alliance, jointly sending a demarche to the Axis powers to withdraw to their borders or a state of war will exist between them. The Axis received 72 hours to comply. Europe is on the brink of a major war.
December 2, 1943 Armed forces of the Northern European Alliance begin to mobilize. Axis nations’ leaders meet in an emergency meeting in Rome.
December 3, 1943 Axis begins withdrawing from Greece. German President Lettow-Vorbeck announces this as a victory for the democracies of Europe. He also states that the Balkans is not a playfield that could be trampled on by the fascist nations and invites both Turkey and Greece to join their European Alliance.

1944
January 7, 1944 The A-4 rocket has its first successful launch at Peenemünde.
February 7, 1944 Turkey asks for membership of the Northern European Alliance. With borders with both communists and fascists they consider this their best course of action.
February 21, 1944 Greece asks for membership to the Northern European Alliance. With their pre-Greek crisis neutrality stance shot to bits by the actions of the Axis they decide like the Turkish government that their best course of action was to join the Northern European Alliance.
June 5, 1944 Brazil creates a company for the production of materials needed by the chemical industry.
November 7, 1944 President Vandenberg wins re-election in the USA.

1945
March 2nd 1945 Border dispute on Tunisian-Libyan border. Small casualties on both sides. Mussolini asks for an apology from the French government, even when his troops were the ones that stray into French territory.
March 9th 1945 Secret buildup of Italian forces in Libya is started under the guise of a military exercise.
April 4th 1945 Italian forces cross into Tunisia in force. While overall the French border fortifications resisted the onslaught, breakthroughs by Italian forces forced the French to abandon the border fortifications and withdrew north on the 7th.
April 13th 1945 Italian forces capture Gabes. French offer cease-fire to discuss border adjustments. But Mussolini refuses out of hand and dreams of pushing the French out of Tunisia altogether and of even greater ones.
April/June 1945 Italian forces continued their advance in Tunisia while French fought a defensive strategy while moving forces into the theater. The Italian advance to the interior in the direction of the Kasserine Pass bogged down but the city of Sfax was captured the 4th of June. Italians have the initiative on all theaters during this period.
April 18th 1945 A motorized corps is organized in France, composed of the 3rd and 4th Armored plus the 1st DLM under the command of Charles de Gaulle for deployment to Africa.
April 19th 1945 Italy expands the war with the beginning of an air campaign directed at the French airfields on the south of France and Corsica. The French responded in kind with attacks to Italian air bases in northern Italy. So far into the war both sides are not targeting civilian targets. By the end of April, French aircrafts coming from the north turn this campaign into a stalemate but the Italians ruled the skies over Corsica.
April 20th 1945 French Somaliland surrenders to Italian forces.
April 28th 1945 Battle of Convoy FG28- Two Italian light cruiser with destroyer escorts tried to intercept this convoy. Unknown to them this convoy was escorted by the battle cruiser Bretagne, a light cruiser and destroyers. On the ensuing battle one Italian cruiser was sunk and the other suffers considerable damage while the French losses were minimal. The French convoys to North Africa thereafter were only affected by an overall ineffective submarine campaign.
May 1st 1945 Charles de Gaulle and lead elements arrive to Algiers. Rest of his Corps will be in theater and ready to enter combat by the end of the month.
May 8th 1945 In the biggest airborne operation in history, two airborne divisions dropped on the island of Corsica and caught the small garrison unprepared. The island is considered secure by the 18th of May after the arrival of another division by sea on the 10th to help consolidate the situation.
May 10th 1945 1st naval Battle of Corsica. The French cruiser Algiers, a light cruiser and escorts clashed with the ships escorting the infantry division on bound to Corsica. The Vittorio Veneto and the Roma made mincemeat of the French ships, sinking both the Algiers and the light cruiser with the lost of a single destroyer. Mussolini hailed this victory as a sign of the Italian superiority in battleships.
May 15th 1945 Mussolini offers terms to French to accept the current situation as permanent. The French refuse out of hand.
May 22nd 1945 French government receives assurances from the German nation that they will stay neutral in this conflict. Great Britain guaranteed this, even stating they will side with the French if Germany breaks their word. Story is that German President Lettow -Vorbeck said. “Your flank is secure. Go deal with our would-be Caesar, and when his little sticks are kindling, tell him Arminius says hello.”
May 24th 1945 French High Command began swift of forces south. While still leaving a sizeable force on the border with Germany, the bulk of the forces in Northern France began to move south in preparation of the one-two punch planned by the French leaders.
June 6th 1945 2nd naval Battle of Corsica. The French plan to gain naval superiority in the immediate waters of Corsica was a classic battle facing two battleships on each side were the lines of communication with the Italian garrison in Corsica was on the balance. The French battleships Richelieu and Jean Bart suffered moderate and slight damage respectively but they fared better than their Italian counterparts. The Duilio was sunk while the Roma suffered severe damage and has to withdraw in the direction of Taranto for repairs.
June 8th 1945 The sinking of the Roma. The battleship Roma, moving away from Corsica after being damaged in battle, is sunk by an aerial attack launched from the aircraft carrier Bearn. While many said the ship prior damage in battle is the real reason it was sunk, this action together with the actions of the Japanese fleet during the Russo-Japanese fleet proved the aircraft carrier was the future of naval forces.
June14th 1945 Italian forces in Tunisia stop offensive operations due to weariness. By now the forces involved have been fighting close to two months without rest and where close to been exhausted. Reinforcements and replacements were been marshaled in southern Italy for the trip to Libya.
June 29th 1945 British government closes the Suez Canal to all military traffic, even troop carriers.
July 3rd 1945- Simultaneous campaigns launched in the French-Italian border and in Tunisia.
July 4th 1945 Late on the afternoon Corps d’Afrique under de Gaulle achieves breakthrough and began his race for Gabes.
July 5th 1945 General Graziani recognizes the danger of the French breakthrough and orders a general withdraw before his forces get encircled.
July 8th 1945 First registered use of gas in the war. Use by Italian forces on the Alps to defeat a French attack against a fortified position.
July 9th 1945 Forces marked for reinforcement of the Tunisian effort have to be deviated north to help stop the French attack on the Alps. Forces in Tunisia were left to fend for themselves.
July 9th 1945 First registered use of gas in Tunisia. Forces escaping from the Kasserine front use gas in their attempt to break free. The shock of the use of gas made possible the escape of the majority of the forces in that front back to the border.
July 10th 1945 First bombardment of cities. Cities on Nice, Marseilles and Grenoble received the “visit” of Italian bombers. French responded later on the day with attacks to Genoa and Milan.
July 11th - 12th 1945 The Corps d’Afrique fought the biggest mechanized battle ever with the Ariete armored division and the Trieste motorized one, part of the forces trying to escape encirclement north of Gabes. Both forces suffered heavy casualties but the Italians failed in their attempt to escape encirclement. De Gaulle units pocketed the Sfax force.
July 19th 1945 Battered Italians forces reached the Tunisian-Libyan border and began to dig in. 75,000 Italians soldiers are surrounded on the Tunisian coast south of Sfax and north of Gabes.
July 23rd 1945 Offensive on the Alps stopped with minimal gains. Some news reporters compared the casualties suffered by the French “as a replay of the Great War.” Still Mussolini was forced by his own casualties to ask his Axis allies for help.
July 24th 1945 Germany and all members of the Northern European Alliance refuse the final Axis petition for right of transit of land and air forces through their territories. Instead, forces must be sent by circuitous routes in the case of Bulgaria and Hungary, and Poland can only send ‘volunteers’ through civilian transportation, with no equipment. Mussolini considers declaring war on the Northern European Alliance over this ‘obstructionism’, but King Victor Emmanuel III forbids a widening of the war.
August 3rd 1945 French Foreign Legion 3rd REI opens gap on Italian forces in Libyan border. De Gaulle Corps d’ Afrique, now reduced to two under strength divisions in manpower, pours thru the gap. Italian forces began disorganized withdraw east.
August 5th 1945 General LeClerc’s Army of Central Africa began invasion of southern Libya from French Equatorial Africa. Opposition is minimal with Italian forces escaping north.
August 13th 1945 De Gaulle enters city of Tripoli. General Graziani sacked by Mussolini.
August 20 1945 Ethiopians surreptitiously armed by the British and French begin an insurrection against the Italians.
August 22nd 1945 French forces capture el Agheila. French forces in control of Tripolitania and southern Libya. Mussolini offers peace based on the pre-war borders. France, sure now of their ability to take the war to the enemy, refuses to event discuss those terms. War continues.
September 1st 1945 The bomber campaigns began. Both nations began bomber campaigns against each other cities. These raids continued thru the rest of the war and affected more Italy, due to their industrial sites being located in the northern cities for the most part.
September 4th 1945 Franco rejected the plea of Mussolini to join the war on the Axis side. He used as an excuse that his nation was still recovering from the effects of the Civil War.
September 5th 1945 Italian forces pocketed in Tunisia surrender and go into captivity. More than 70,000 men were captured.
September 18th 1945 French forces launch amphibious invasion of Sardinia. Small garrison on the island overwhelm in 10 days after heavy casualties for both sides.
September 19th 1945 Battle of the Tylerrian Sea. Battleship Impero and escorts intercepted by the battleship Jean Bart and the battle cruiser Lorraine. The aftermath was the destruction of the Impero while the Lorraine suffered severe damage and it took years to repair the extensive damage it suffered. The Italian navy never again tried to contend the French domain of the sea.
September 21, 1945 End of the severe famine due to drought near Hanoi and surrounding areas kills close to one million people but more are saved by a League of Nations effort to help the people in the area. However, Ho Chi Minh uses this drought to recruit members for his movement.
December 23, 1945 Ho Chi Minh launches their first large-scale attack against the French. By now the Viet Minh are 30,000 strong and the numbers continue to grow.
October 2nd 1945 Simultaneous offensives launched in Africa and northern Italy by the French. This time French forces are prepared for chemical warfare and they expect to break the Italian lines this time.
October 7th 1945 With the Italian lines on the verge of collapse, nerve gas is used for first time in history to try to stop the French. The French offensive is stopped due to the terrible casualties inflicted to the unprepared troops. The results of the use of this experimental weapon never tested were a shock to both the Italians and the rest of the world.
October 9th 1945 With world public opinion outraged by the use of this new weapon and the latest ill-fortunes of the Italian forces being made public to the Italians, King Victor Emmanuel III asks Mussolini for his resignation. Mussolini, after a late bid to save his position, gave his resignation early in the morning of the 10th of October.
October 10th 1945 Count Ciano, Italian temporary leader offers peace based on October 1st frontlines. The offer is refused.
October 14th 1945 Benghazi captured by French forces. Italians continue their escape east.
October 21st 1945 Tobruk abandoned by Italian forces. More than 20,000 men flee by sea from this port before the evacuation of the city. Italian forces are actually fleeing east. Any sense of trying to defend is now gone.
October 28th 1945 Bardia and Fort Capputo surrenders to French forces. Close to 50,000 men cross into Egypt to be interned.
October 31 1945 The French gained the initiative in mid June and never lost it. Their simultaneous campaigns in July, while one of them could be considered a failure, were too much for the Italian forces. Even with reinforcements from their Axis allies the tide could not be turned back, especially when efforts went in vain to get Franco’s Spain to join the war. By the end of October the end was near.
November 11th 1945 Italian garrison in Corsica asks for terms due to the lack of supplies and according to their commander, “To ease the suffering of the civilians on the island.”
November 17th 1945- In an accord brokered by the United States and the League of Nations, the warring factions in Colombia agreed to end the conflict that caused thousands of deaths and devastated the economy of that nation. President Vandenberg sees this accord “as giving peace to this generation of Colombians and hopefully to the coming ones.”
December 15th 1945 “The Christmas Offensive” starts. The French used chemicals weapons offensively for the first time in the war and a small amphibious force was landed behind the enemy lines.
December 18th 1945 The landing behind the lines is contained on the beachheads but the front line on the passes was ready to burst. With both forces near exhaustion
December 21, 1945 Italian defenses on the passes were broken. The road to Northern Italy was open for the French.
December 23rd 1945 Count Ciano asks for a ceasefire to discuss terms of surrender. After deliberation the French government agreed.

1946
January 15, 1946 Conservative Eduardo Cruz-Coke Lassabe is elected president of Chile.
January 29th 1946 The British mediated Treaty of Nice is signed. The terms were harsh but not as bad as expected. The French recover French Somaliland and kept Libya and Sardinia. Albania was granted its independence. Abyssinia also regained its independence once more and was given Eritrea as a sea access, both as a reward for the Abyssinian insurrection that tied down Italian troops and to placate the UK, who did not wish to see the French presence grow in East Africa. Similarly, Italian Somaliland stayed on the hands of the Italians due to British worries about French encroachment in East Africa and their preference to have now a weak Italy in control of that area than a strong France. The Franco-Italian border was demilitarized. The Italian army was reduced to 200,000 men and prohibited from having chemical weapons or armored vehicles. Also the two newest remaining battleships, the Littorio and the Vittorio Veneto were taken by the French as war booty while the Italian navy had to discard their submarine fleet and was prohibited from building more battleships, aircraft carriers or ships with guns bigger than 12”. Italy’s bid to be a major power was over. Another result of this treaty was the effective end of the Axis alliance, as the Italians were forced to repudiate all previous security agreements.
February 20, 1946 Perón is victorious in Argentine elections. He aggressively pursues policies aimed at giving an economic and political voice to the working class and greatly expanding the number of unionized workers.
June 3, 1946 the National Motor Company begins the production of trucks.
August 14, 1946 Dictator Vargas of Brazil sees the realization of one of his cherished dreams; The National Steel Company begins production at the Volta Redonda plant between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
August 26, 1946 Philippines awarded their independence by the United States; a very peaceful transition from Commonwealth to Republic.
August 29, 1946 Start of communist guerilla campaign in China. Chiang accuses the Soviet and the Republic of Manchuria of aiding the rebels, charges they deny.
September 27, 1946 Communist forces capture Xian. Evidence of heavy artillery and crew served weapons verified by foreign witnesses.
October 18, 1946 US President Arthur Vandenberg pledge his support to the government of the Republic of China. Loans are granted to purchase newer equipment to fight the communist aggression.

1947
January 14, 1947 Communist insurrection started in Luzon Island by a group later know as the Huks.
February 4, 1947 President Lettow-Vorbeck announces that he will not seek re-election to the Presidency.
February 14th 1947 First free elections in Italy since the 1920’s. A coalition of center-left factions wins the election as a response of the electorate to the failure of the fascists during the war.
March 13, 1947 Communist strikes on the Japanese port of Osaka and other major ports turns violent. Troops called to break the disturbances. Japanese Communist Party outlawed as a result. Emergency powers are given to Admiral Yamamoto to rule Japan until the Communist menace is eliminated.
April 20, 1947 The first successful test detonation of an atomic bomb performed by Germany.
June 20, 1947 In the second dual Presidential and Reichstag elections, the SPD candidate, senior statesman Otto Braun wins the presidency on the second ballot. SPD leader Erich Ollenhauer becomes Chancellor of a center-left coalition government. He and UK Labour Government Prime Minister Clement Attlee would come to work closely together over the years.
August 1, 1947 Though delayed by security concerns caused by the recent Tunisian War in North Africa, the Partition of the Palestinian mandate goes into effect, creating a Jewish state called Israel in the Northwest, Palestine in the rest of the mandate, and leaving a large British controlled enclave in the middle centered on Jerusalem. The event is marred by violence by extremist groups from both sides dissatisfied by the arrangement, but the large British troop contingent keeps the event relatively peaceful.

1948
March 12 1948 Miklos Horthy is reported to die from a heart attack in his sleep. Shortly thereafter, a popular coup is launched against the fascist government by a coalition of republicans and monarchists, secretly sponsored by the German government. As part of the coalition agreement, a constitutional monarchy is established under the Hapsburg heir, Otto I. However, in return for German assistance and non-interference, Otto renounces all claims to former Hapsburg lands outside of Hungary proper. One of the first acts of the new government is to repeal the oppressive numerus clausus and anti-Semitic laws.
March 29, 1948 Werner von Braun becomes head of the new civilian German Space Agency he has lobbied for years to have formed.
April 8, 1948 Admiral Yamamoto announces the Emergency is over and elections will be held on June 8th 1948 to elect a new Prime Minister. The Japanese communist movement has been stamped out. With their leaders dead, jailed or gone into exile the movement is effectively dead.
June 12, 1948 Mohammed Hatta and Sukarno ask the Dutch Government in a letter published in Batavia to begin a process of gradual independence to Indonesia. Both are jailed for sedition.
July 4, 1948 Schwinn declares that men’s bicycling has doubled in the past decade, making it one of the most popular activities in America.
October 5, 1948 Japan is accepted back as a member of the League of Nations after Admiral Yamamoto put in a request for admittance as one of his last officials acts as de facto ruler of Japan.

1949
February 7, 1949 With Huk influence now covering more than ¾ of the island of Luzon, the Philippines government ask the League of Nations for help in stamping this rebellion. Japan pledge air support and two SNLF brigades to help defeating the rebellion. Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain and Germany also pledge their support but in a smaller scale than Japan.
February 11, 1949 The United States, worried by how much the League and especially Japan can extend their influence over Philippines, also offers help in the form of air support, loans for the purchase of weapons and a mix Marine-Army Task Force comprised of forces already stationed in Hawaii and the West Coast of the United States.
August 14, 1949 The last British forces leave India except for the ones in the Calcutta naval station, the airbase near Bombay, and sundry other bases necessary for the defense of the Commonwealth.
October 2, 1949 The German Reichstag passes an amendment to have the Presidential election go to a run-off if there is no majority winner in the first round.
October 4, 1949 The Chinese Communist stronghold in Yennan falls to Nationalist Army. End of organized communist resistance in China. While low-level guerilla warfare will continue the threat of a Communist insurrection achieving their goal of defeating Chiang’s government is considered over.
November 1, 1949 The guerilla war in Vietnam continues with no end in sight. By now the Viet Minh is close to 45,000 men strong.
December 2, 1949 Charles de Gaulle, a hero of the French-Italian war, ordered to Indochina to take command of the forces in the region.

[Glen]

Weimar World timeline 1950-1959:

1950
March 29, 1950 Process of Vietnamization of forces serving in Indochina started. By July 1954 close to 50% of French forces fighting the guerillas would be Vietnamese soldiers. This was a result of the losses incurred during the French-Italian war, which created a manpower drain in the French forces at the time.
April 8, 1950 Combined United States-Japanese force capture Huk stronghold in Mt Abak. Casualties are heavy but Huk leader captured during operation. General Maxwell Taylor, US commander in theater, praised the performance of the Japanese soldiers and said this event could be the beginning of a closer relationship between both nations. Picture of Japanese and American soldiers jointly raising each other flags made the front page of Times Magazine.
July 17th 1950-Vikdun Quisling is named ambassador to the Soviet Union. The former Norwegian Minister of the Interior during the early and middle 1940’s, is know for leaning to the extreme right and this post is considered by many a political exile caused by his now unpopular views. Within months of his arrival in Moscow, he would be found dead in his office, apparently by his own hand.
September 28th 1950-Outfielder Joe Matthews of the Chicago Cubs wins the homerun crown with 51 HRs and later is named National League MVP.
October 1, 1950 Berlin film studios proudly announce they have now outdone Hollywood movies at the international box office for three years straight. The competition between the two film meccas remains fierce.

1951
May 1, 1951 The Soviet Union test detonates its first atomic bomb, developed mostly from plans stolen from Germany through espionage.
May 8, 1951 Chinese and French officers met to discuss cooperation to eradicate Viet Minh on both side of their borders.
September 9, 1951 Operation Joint Strike started by both the Chinese and French in each other sides of the border. Operation last until the end of November and close to 15,000 enemy men are either killed or captured. With the destruction of the Viet Minh sanctuaries on the other side of the Chinese border the war entered a lull in the tempo of operations until the Viet Minh recovered from the terrible casualties of this operation.
December 8, 1951 With war in the Philippines winding down, the German detachment began embarkation home. The German detachment during the war never was bigger than a couple of close support bomber squadrons and two special civic action groups.

1952
January 3, 1952 League of Nations officially announces their mission to the Philippines to be over. Still Australians troops stayed until May 16th 1952 and Japanese forces until October 10th 1955.
February 6, 1952 Border clashes between Soviet Union and China in the Sinking-Soviet border and the Mongolian-Soviet border used by Stalin to launch an invasion of both borders areas. Sino-Soviet War of 1952-53 starts with this action. Stalin gambled that with his very public demonstration that he knows possessed the Atomic bomb the League of Nations wasn’t going to risk general war for some territory in the middle of Asia.
August 9th 1952- An arms sales agreement was signed today between the United States and Chile. The President stated that “…Chile is a beacon of democracy in South America and it’s our nation’s duty to help that country stay that way….”
September 29th 1952- Boston Red Sox outfielder Ted Williams wins the American league batting championship with a .379 batting avg.

1953
March 10, 1953 Treaty of Beijing signed. Republic of China is forced to recognize lost of the province of Sinking to the Soviets and other small territorial concessions on the Mongolian-Chinese border. The American President's response to this treaty was that, “The fear of this new weapon, the atomic bomb, is the only reason the free nations of the world stood idle while this unequal treaty was imposed on the Chinese people.”
May 7th 1953- Joseph Stalin died from heart attack on his dacha on the outside of Moscow.
August 17, 1953 Mohammad Hatta and Sukarno, just released from prison after serving five years sentences, gave a speech asking the Indonesian people to fight for their freedom and to throw the Dutch out of their country. They immediately went into hiding. This date is considered the start of the Indonesian War of Independence or the Indonesian Insurrection, depending of the point of view.

1954
May 18, 1954 Charles de Gaulle is replaced as commander of the French forces in Indochina and retires from military service soon after to enter politics.
September 22, 1954 The Republic of China and the United Kingdom sign an extension of the lease of the city of Hong Kong that will finally end the British ownership of the city in the year 2050.
September 24, 1954 Secret meeting between Chinese government officials and moderate members of the Viet Minh promises covert support if they tone down their socialist leaning, turn more into a nationalist movement instead of a communist one and get rid of the more radical members of their movement.

1955
July 5, 1955 Trade and Cooperation Agreement signed by the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. Chiang’s victories over the guerillas in his country and over the Viet Minh gave him a false sense of security that came crashing down with the defeat in the war of 1952. Both Japan and his nation considered the Soviet Union the main threat and this treaty is the realization that their best approach was cooperation.

1956
April 4th 1956- Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia celebrated the anniversary of his return from exile with a declared long week holiday that also celebrated the end of Italian occupation ten years ago. Foreign dignitaries were invited to the different ceremonies celebrated during the week.
April 7th 1956- A veteran of the Negro League, Jackie Robinson, and now of the Brooklyn Dodgers hits a single on his first at bat in the major leagues, being the first black man since the late 19th century to play Major League Baseball.

1957
March 2nd 1957 From his secret capital in the province of Aceh, self-proclaimed president of Indonesia, Sukarno, ask the Netherlands government to end the conflict and together to began a peaceful transition to independence. The Dutch response was to ask Sukarno to turn himself in and to end the rebellion. The impasse continued.
March 3, 1957 The German A-11 rocket launches the first satellite into orbit. This will be the last great achievement of an independent German Space Program, as spending priorities on domestic programs will not allow further unilateral funding for the very expensive Space program. The German government begins to seek partners for Space exploration.
November 11th 1957- The Netherlands, suffering the third year of a civil war in their East Indies colonies, asks the Northern European Alliance for membership. Their goal was to get the other member nations involved in the war in the East Indies, though membership by no means assures this. By the end of the year parts of Sumatra, Bali and Borneo are effectively in hands of the rebels while a terrorist campaign against government forces is being fought in Java.

1958
April 16th 1958- Chile and Peru signed the Andean Pact, a defensive agreement due to fears of the Argentines and problems in neighboring Bolivia.
July 4, 1958 The Republic of Germany, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America pool their resources to launch a joint space initiative, the North Atlantic Space Agency. The Central European Republic and other Alliance nations soon join the group as junior partners.
September 18th 1958-France explodes their first atomic bomb on the Sahara desert.

1959
August 8th 1959- France announces the intention to create a French Union, similar in composition to the British Commonwealth. According to insiders, the colonies most likely to get self -rule by 1960 were Syria, Lebanon and Madagascar.
August 14th 1959- The People’s Republic of Uruguay signs a trade and cooperation agreement with the Soviet Union. The agreement includes the stationing of Soviet agricultural technicians in the nation to ensure the good use of the Soviet imports. Unfortunately, Soviet theories of agriculture will lead to a few famines instead.

[Glen]

Weimar World timeline 1960-2019:

1960
July 9th 1960- Dominion of Kenya created. In part due to the big influx of Eastern Europeans and Italians escaping from Ethiopia during the late 1940’s and 50’s, the British government decided to grant Dominion status to the former colony.

1961
October 8, 1961 The Soviet Union shocks the world by sending the first man into orbit. Funding of the North Atlantic Space Agency will increase significantly as the member nations dedicate themselves to putting a base on the moon by 1980.

1969
June 2, 1969 NASA sends the first men to the moon (symbolically, a German, American, and Briton).
August 11, 1969 Germans celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the Weimar Constitution (date of its announcement).

1979
August 20, 1979 The NASA moon base, a capsule buried under the lunar soil, goes into operation, a year ahead of the deadline set in 1961.

2019
August 11, 2019 The date of the Centennial celebration of the Weimar Consitution and the German Republic.

[Wendell]

Weimar World timeline 1960-2019:

1960
July 9th 1960- Dominion of Kenya created. In part due to the big influx of Eastern Europeans and Italians escaping from Ethiopia during the late 1940’s and 50’s, the British government decided to grant Dominion status to the former colony.

1961
October 8, 1961 The Soviet Union shocks the world by sending the first man into orbit. Funding of the North Atlantic Space Agency will increase significantly as the member nations dedicate themselves to putting a base on the moon by 1980.

1969
June 2, 1969 NASA sends the first men to the moon (symbolically, a German, American, and Briton).
August 11, 1969 Germans celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the Weimar Constitution (date of its announcement).

1979
August 20, 1979 The NASA moon base, a capsule buried under the lunar soil, goes into operation, a year ahead of the deadline set in 1961.

2019
August 11, 2019 The date of the Centennial celebration of the Weimar Consitution and the German Republic.
I still think that a dominion in Kenya is unrealistic. Also, how does the history of Eugenics change without the Nazis?

[Glen]

I still think that a dominion in Kenya is unrealistic. Also, how does the history of Eugenics change without the Nazis?

Perhaps. I will consider removing it in the next iteration. What do you think would happen to Kenya, then?

Eugenics is an interesting and difficult question. Without the excesses of the Nazis, it likely will not be as demonized. However, that does not mean that it will be wildly popular, either.

Probably it will have its heyday in the 1940s, though throughout the Western World. It will not have as much of a racial element, being more focused on 'fitness' within races. I'd imagine in such a world there would be a focus on sterilization and perhaps prevention of marriage of those with severe mental/cognitive illnesses and serious criminal histories. This is extrapolation on what was popular before the Nazis came into power.

Interestingly, the USA would possibly be the leader in the Eugenics movement in this world, as most advocates prior to the Nazis were from the US. Not that other Western nations won't have their advocates of the practice as well.

If there aren't too big of a scandal due to excesses (think about the mental hospital scandals of OTL), then we might even see the concept at least of Eugenics pass into the true genetics age. Probably America will transmute the practice into an exercise in parent autonomy over their offspring, given the American tendency to individualism. Sex selection and other traits later will be considered reasonable, at least in some quarters. Hmmm, you could see the Eugenics camp getting mixed in with the Abortion debate, at least in America....

[Wendell]

I think that Kenya would be a Republic as was the case in our timeline.

[Glen]

When should we have Willy Brandt (under his original name) and Erhardt coming to power respectively in Germany? I think they both are still likely to do so ITTL.

Gotta get the US straightened out, of course. We're going with Pepper/Truman in '48.

I want events relating to the differences in tech application and locations.

BTW, I still think the personal computer will be a US innovation. It's just a very American type concept...

[Glen]

QUOTE (GWB @ Sep 23 2005, 09:42 AM)
Will there be / or need to be an Israel?


From readings of late on the time, it appears that the UK was somewhat committed to the idea of a Jewish homeland in some form, and most likely would be a partition, though somewhat less large than OTL suggestions from the UN. We are going with a rough analogue of the Peel Conference for recommendations. So a small Jewish state in the Northeast, a generous continued British Mandate around Jerusalem, and the rest a Palestinian state.

Suspect the politics around this region will be somewhat similar to Ireland/Northern Ireland. However, these British aren't exhausted/shown beatable by a WWII, so they will enforce the partition more than OTL, and it will survive, at least for a good long time...

[Nicole]

I think there will be less Jewish-Islamic hatred in this TL, if Israel does not include any holy sites and is rather small... You might see both Jewish and Muslim terrorists in the Mandate Zone, though.

[Glen]

I think there will be less Jewish-Islamic hatred in this TL, if Israel does not include any holy sites and is rather small... You might see both Jewish and Muslim terrorists in the Mandate Zone, though.

Exactly. Think Provos and Ulster paramilitaries...

[luakel]

Gotta get the US straightened out, of course. We're going with Pepper/Truman in '48.
To keep one of my ideas, would Pepper be tragically killed by Puerto Ricans, leading to a Truman presidency?

[Glen]

To keep one of my ideas, would Pepper be tragically killed by Puerto Ricans, leading to a Truman presidency?

Was that yours? I know p99 liked it. Yeah, I was thinking of having that one go through. Would that make you happy? Shame to do to my fellow Floridian, but if you like it, I'm going to finalize it.

[Glen]

The Suez Crisis will not exist in this timeline.

Farouk probably stays in power without the 48 war against Israel weakening his position, and a greater hand by Britain in international affairs.

[Nicole]

Hm, so we don't see an Egyptian Revolution in this TL? If not, we probably don't see an Iraqi Revolution, I've read the planners of that Revolution followed the example of the Egyptians... And maybe no Qaddafi Revolution in Libya as a result, so we see more Kings and stable government in the Arab world...

Though Syria already has a history of Revolutions and coups...

[Glen]

Hm, so we don't see an Egyptian Revolution in this TL? If not, we probably don't see an Iraqi Revolution, I've read the planners of that Revolution followed the example of the Egyptians... And maybe no Qaddafi Revolution in Libya as a result, so we see more Kings and stable government in the Arab world...

Though Syria already has a history of Revolutions and coups...

Maybe...or maybe they just occur later. I don't know for certain.

The UK seems in a better position to mediate the devolution of power in the Empire (soon to be commonwealth) than post WWII OTL. That may make the former members (and some of their neighbors?) more stable than OTL.

What do people think?

[perdedor99]

Maybe...or maybe they just occur later. I don't know for certain.

The UK seems in a better position to mediate the devolution of power in the Empire (soon to be commonwealth) than post WWII OTL. That may make the former members (and some of their neighbors?) more stable than OTL.

What do people think?

agree. I can see a more stable Arab World thanks to no Arab Israeli wars.

[Nicole]

Getting rid of the Egyptian coups alone helps alot, since it makes it less likely that someone like OTL Nasser, who caused alot of Arab Nationalism and subsequent coups. (Many of the Arab coups caused shortlived nations like the United Arab Republic, United Arab States to form, and when they fell apart, the dictatorships stayed)

[Glen]

QUOTE (Wendell @ Sep 24 2005, 09:22 PM)
I think that the UAE will still happen, but might it include Qatar and Bahrain in this TL?


Maybe. Why didn't they join in OTL?

[Nicole]

QUOTE (Wendell @ Sep 24 2005, 09:22 PM)
I think that the UAE will still happen, but might it include Qatar and Bahrain in this TL?


Maybe. Why didn't they join in OTL?
Not sure... I know Kuwait was offered to join as well, but refused to participate in discussions... All Wikipedia says is that Bahrain and Qatar couldn't agree to terms of union.

[Glen]

Not sure... I know Kuwait was offered to join as well, but refused to participate in discussions... All Wikipedia says is that Bahrain and Qatar couldn't agree to terms of union.

Anyone know any more about this?

[Wendell]

Hhhmm...What if Egypt and Jordan...both being monarchies here, were united hereditarily, and then politically...maybe with Philistia too...

[Nicole]

Hhhmm...What if Egypt and Jordan...both being monarchies here, were united hereditarily, and then politically...maybe with Philistia too...
Jordan and Iraq being united is more likely, as they had the same dynasty (Hashemite)... Indeed, even as separate states for a short time before the end of the Iraqi monarchy they had a short-lived political union of the type you often see in modern Arabia (can't recall the name)

[Wendell]

Such a union could be a formidable regional power...

[Glen]

Hhhmm...What if Egypt and Jordan...both being monarchies here, were united hereditarily, and then politically...maybe with Philistia too...

Jordan and Iraq being united is more likely, as they had the same dynasty (Hashemite)... Indeed, even as separate states for a short time before the end of the Iraqi monarchy they had a short-lived political union of the type you often see in modern Arabia (can't recall the name)

Well, in the 20th Century political unions based on dynastic marriagies seemed passe. Not to say that it might not happen, but there would have to be strong underlying national sentiment and self interest underlying it.

[Wendell]

Well, in the 20th Century political unions based on dynastic marriagies seemed passe. Not to say that it might not happen, but there would have to be strong underlying national sentiment and self interest underlying it.
The self-interest could be pushing Britain out of Jerusalem...

[Glen]

The self-interest could be pushing Britain out of Jerusalem...

I don't follow what you mean here.

[Straha]

Suggestions to make the timeline more interesting

1 Why not look up names of various german liquors and use them for names of influential german leaders?

2 Tesla's plasma dath rays could make colonial rebellions be put down easilyl because a rain of lightning would burn down the jungles rebels hide in

3 Why not have actual islamo-fascism show up? As in a combination of islamism and fascism?

[Glen]

Suggestions to make the timeline more interesting

Always welcome suggestions.


1 Why not look up names of various german liquors and use them for names of influential german leaders?

Perhaps for the latter part of the timeline, especially if some of those names are actually from prominant German families. Do you have any specifically in mind?


2 Tesla's plasma dath rays could make colonial rebellions be put down easilyl because a rain of lightning would burn down the jungles rebels hide in

Tesla's plasma death ray has never been shown to be practical. Also, there is less impetus to develop such ITTL.


3 Why not have actual islamo-fascism show up? As in a combination of islamism and fascism?

This wouldn't be a bad idea, since there was less direct discrediting of fascism ITTL (though it sorta fizzled out in Europe by the 1950s).

But we would need specifics as to where, why and when. With specific dates if possible.

[Glen]

(GWB @ Sep 26 2005, 01:36 PM)
I've actually thought about this.... there probably would still be an Israel mainly due to just how nice the Russians / Soviets were / are to us Jews.


And as previously mentioned, the British political commitment to a Jewish Homeland (albeit quite smaller than what Zionists of the time would have liked).

There is also significant antisemitism in Hungary and Poland in the 1930s and 1940s in this timeline (maybe 1950s and beyond for Poland, though Hungary will reform in the 1950s), so there will be those interested in leaving. However, I can see a split in the immigration patterns, with many of the Jews who are assimilationist actually opting for the closer German and Central European Republics (AKA Czechoslovakia), whereas those who are less assimilationist (Hasidic, etc) and thus still at risk of antisemitism in those countries (which will regretably still exist, though not on the official level, and tending to differentiate over time between Jews who 'fit in' and those who 'stay separate') choosing to make the trek to the Promised Land. Of course, this won't be absolute, but that may be the main difference in emmigration patterns compared to OTL.

[Glen]

Birobidzhan (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast). There is another one, but read this one.

Well, that is an interesting side note in history, as is the link to the Doctor's Plot.

Were you thinking of doing anything in particular with it?

[Wendell]

Well, that is an interesting side note in history, as is the link to the Doctor's Plot.

Were you thinking of doing anything in particular with it?
Plenty could be done with it, I'm sure....

[Glen]

QUOTE (Morgoth @ Sep 27 2005, 11:06 AM)
What happened to everyone that Left Europe in OTL due to the Nazis and War?


Well, some still left Poland and Hungary and some other nations of Eastern Europe due to fascist oppression, ditto leaving the USSR due to Soviet oppression. However, there was much less of this, and indeed, many fled TO Germany ITTL. So much less loss of population for Europe ITTL, and Germany probably is the big winner in the population growth game.

Some Jews will obviously still immigrate to a Jewish Homeland in the Levant, but there will be less than OTL.

[Glen]

why not have germany as the second economic power to the US? like how japan is in OTL?


As Wendell says, there would be a basis for such an idea. I think it is quite possible ITTL that that might be seen.

What do others think? And when should we make mention of it in the timeline?

[perdedor99]

As Wendell says, there would be a basis for such an idea. I think it is quite possible ITTL that that might be seen.

What do others think? And when should we make mention of it in the timeline?

I agree. Germany didn't suffered the terrible losses OTL and is very possible they turn into an economic powerhouse. I can see France and Great Britain falling due to the end of their Empires. Slowly but inevitable. IndoChina will be a drain for the French. And what about League intervention in South Africa to eliminate the Apartheid governments?

[Glen]

I agree. Germany didn't suffered the terrible losses OTL and is very possible they turn into an economic powerhouse. I can see France and Great Britain falling due to the end of their Empires. Slowly but inevitable. IndoChina will be a drain for the French. And what about League intervention in South Africa to eliminate the Apartheid governments?

I think the best they will muster are economic sanctions. Another interesting factor might be the legacy of the Lettow-Vorbeck Presidency vis-a-vie German/African trade. I see him pushing for cultural and trade relations with the former German African colonies. That is bound to benefit those countries economically. So maybe the League wields the stick, and the success of the more moderate former German colonies economically becomes the carrot?

[Wendell]

How much longer might France hold atleast Algeria compared to OTL?

[Glen]

How much longer might France hold atleast Algeria compared to OTL?

Or will they all become part of the French Union?

[Wendell]

Or will they all become part of the French Union?
Works for me, if you want to do that....:D

[Glen]

Works for me, if you want to do that....:D

There were a lot of people who liked it conceptually. What we need are concrete, plausible events to show it developing and why.

Care to throw out a few dates?

[Glen]

QUOTE (Wendell @ Sep 29 2005, 04:24 PM)
QUOTE (Glen Finney @ Sep 29 2005, 04:07 PM)
QUOTE (Wendell)
Works for me, if you want to do that....



There were a lot of people who liked it conceptually. What we need are concrete, plausible events to show it developing and why.

Care to throw out a few dates?


I did think it was a neat idea. Does anyone know how the French economy was doing in 1940, or if there was any colonial provocation?

If we go through with this, might the British try it to a smaller extent?


That's a real possibility. Neither nation is likely to devolve their empires quite the same way as OTL post WWII...

[Wendell]

QUOTE (Wendell @ Sep 29 2005, 04:24 PM)
QUOTE (Glen Finney @ Sep 29 2005, 04:07 PM)
QUOTE (Wendell)
Works for me, if you want to do that....



There were a lot of people who liked it conceptually. What we need are concrete, plausible events to show it developing and why.

Care to throw out a few dates?


I did think it was a neat idea. Does anyone know how the French economy was doing in 1940, or if there was any colonial provocation?

If we go through with this, might the British try it to a smaller extent?


That's a real possibility. Neither nation is likely to devolve their empires quite the same way as OTL post WWII...
It would be interesting if the British could somehow end up with Mozambique...

[Othniel]

I wonder if Boris III of Bulgaria surive in this timeline. Though a heart attack was the official reason many spectulated he was poisoned (by Hitler). He only died at 49.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_III_of_Bulgaria

[Glen]

I wonder if Boris III of Bulgaria surive in this timeline. Though a heart attack was the official reason many spectulated he was poisoned (by Hitler). He only died at 49.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_III_of_Bulgaria

I think he could survive longer ITTL. Whether he died of heart failure or of poison, there are enough butterflies at work to make it reasonable for him to live longer.